US899541A - Double-acting power-pump. - Google Patents

Description

W., lKlmzwoonl DOUBLE ACTING POWER PUMP. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 17, 1906.

ril: N JRRIs PETERS o sHlNcrn n c W. 4KIRKWOOD. DOUBLE ACTING PoWER PUMP.

APPLICATION ILED SEPT. 17, 1906. 899,541 Patented sept .29,1908. a SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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Illll' Illlllilll NI Illlll Illllllll H W. KIRKWOOD. DpUBLE AOTING POWER PUMP. APPLICATION IILEDBEPT. 17, 19128-1 3 SHBETB-SHBET 3.

899,541; J Patented sept. 29, 1908.

NITED PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAMIKIRKWOOD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

i DOUBLE-ACTING POWER-PUMP.

NCQ 899,541.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented sept. 29, 190s.

Application led September 17, 1906. Serial No. 334,891.

new and useful Improvements in Double-` Actin Power-Pumps, of which the following is a fu l, clear, and exact specification.

This invention relates to improvements in double acting power pumps in which heretofore there has been a crank-arm, rod, or other flexible connection between the pistons of the power cylinder and the pump cylinders, and in fact, two suchconnections in duplex pumps, and also to power pumps in which the power controlling valve is mechanically connected with the pump cylinders as a means for actuating the power valve off its dead centers.

The prime object of my invention is to alternately actuate the power and pump pistons of a double acting pump by substantially a direct application to both, of the motive force employed to o erate them.

Another and importante ject of my invention is to alternately actuate the power and pump pistons of a double acting pump by the motive force employed to operate them, and to control such force with a single valve.

A still further and important obj ect of my vinvention is to have a'shifting mechanism,

for the valve controlling the power piston or istons of a pump, actuated partlyin both Tdirections of its movements by the pump piston or pistons, which mechanism in turn is actuated by its own power toshift and positively shifts the valve throughout both its movements. Y

With these ends in view,y my invention consists in certain features of novelty in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts, by which the said objects and certain other objects hereinafter appearing are attained, all as Afully described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and` more particularly ointed out in the claims.

In the sai drawings: Figure 1 represents a vertical central longitudinal section through a power y Fig. 2 a etail 4thereof showing the duplex inlets in the seat ofthe valve controlling the supply of motive force thereto. Fig. 3a detall transverse section through the controlling valve for the motive force and vertically through one of the inlets and outlets in the ump embodying my invention.

seat thereof. Fig. 4 a side elevation of the valve controlling the motive force and showing the relative position of the inlets therein through which the motive force is supplied to joined power pistons, th one of which is isolated from the other. Fig. 5 a detail side elevation mainly showing the controlling defvices for the valve of the power pistons and one ofthe connecting rods for the pump pistons. Fig. 6 a detail reverse front elevation of the valve controlling devices, with the oscillating piston therefor removed and showing the engagement of the sliding rack with its pinion. Fig. 7 a transverse section partly in section centrally through the valve and the supply inlet therefor with dotted lines indicating the position of one of the exhaust inlets from the power pistons for the motive force. Fig. 8 afront elevation with a portion of the pump cylinders omitted showing a modification of the means for actuating the controlling valve and keeping the valve off dead centers or stationary on any point of its travel.

Similar-characters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of the drawings.

My invention contemplates the employment of two end to end cylinders isolated from each other by their heads and open at their opposite ends, but in practice a single cylinder 9 divided into two power piston chambers 10y and 11V by a single head 12 is employedwith the outer ends of Asaid cylin-` ders opening for their full diameters into pump cylinders 13 and 14 respectively, which several cylinders may be supported upon standards 15 and 16 resting upon a floor or other base and by screwing them into sockets formed with the castings of such cylinders and preferably at the junction of the pump cylinders with the power cylinders.

Respectively working in the power cylinders 10 and 11 are elongated pistons 17 and 18, each of which are provided with cupshaped packings 19-19 and preferably of leather but may be of other material held in 'place across the end of the piston and also in shape by hanged screws 20-20 seated in the piston. The pistons 17 and 18 have secured thereto or formed integral therewith pump pistons 21 and 22, and are provided transversely with inlets 23-23 bisected by axial dassages 24 extending through the pistons 21 and 22 respectively.

Pump cylinders 13 and 14 are provided with rear-end openings 25-25 but instead of such openings said pump cylinders may be provided with a series of perforations adjacent their opposing inner ends through which the liquids or gases to be compressed may be supplied to the transverse inlets in the body of the power pistons. The axial passages 24-24, through which is supplied to the compressing chambers of the pump cylinders the materials to be compressed or pumped, are respectively controlled by inlet valves 26-26 mounted upon straps 27H27, the seats 28-28 for which valves are inclined and project respectively from the faces of the pistons 2l and 22.

Straps 27-27 are formed from cup packings 29-29 by suitable parallel and transverse slits and held in place by rings 30 clamped upon the packings and to the pistons 21-21 by screws 31-31, screwed into the pistons, but the straps for the valves may be in pieces separate from the piston packings and the piston packings be of any material or shape without any substantial departure from my invention.

The outer ends of the pump cylinders 13 and 14 are respectively closed by heads 32-32 between which and the ends of said cylinders are gaskets 33-33, said heads being secured to the ends of the cylinders in the usual manner by screws 34-34 which may be of any number necessary to that end, and are provided with valve chambers 35-35 having a contracted outlet axial in the head and into which are screwed discharge pipes 36h36.

Opposing the inner faces of the pump cylinder heads 32-32 are plates 37-37 which are preferably flat but may be cup shape in form to fit a corresponding recess in the heads, and with their anges 38 abutting against the ends of the cylinders when the heads are tightened to place, which plates 37 serve to clamp against' the cylinder head packings 39-39 through which and through the plate are openings 40-40 preferably registering with the pipes 36-36, and opened and closed by valves 41-41 faced with straps 42-42 to which the valves are secured by screws 43 passing through the strap and screwed into the valve.

The straps 42 may be formed in the manner described as to the straps 27 of the valves 26 so as to form a packing for the valve 41 seating against an inclined seat formed on the plate 37. In this connection it is proper to add that ordinary cheek valves may be substituted for the strap valves without a substantial departure from my invention, and that both valves swing in the same direction in opening and closing, but that in operation when the valves 26 are closed the valves 41 are open as will be understood by referring to the right of Fig. 1 in which the piston 22 has just started on its return movement with the result that the iii-rushing liquid or gas, at its as may be, through the inlet 23 and axial passage 24 has by its force unseated the valve 26 and the back pressure in the pipe seated the outlet valve 41V whereas at the left of Fig. 1. the inlet valve 26 is seated by the pressure ol the liquid or air as may be in the elnnnber in the pump cylinder and the valve 4-1 is slightly open.

In order that the cup packings 1.) of the power pistons may be maintained with desired tightness in the pistons 1() and 11, the edges of the flanges thereof are inclined as indicated at 43 and opposed by corresponding bevels 44 on the head 12 so that at the limit of every complete stroke of the pistons the inclined edges of the packings contact with the bevels of the head and are pressed outwardly and thereby continuously maintained in that position, and at the same time prevented from jamming between the pistons and the cylinders. ln the heads 12 and on both sides thereof are recesses 45 for receiving the projected heads of the flange screw plates 20 and thereby provide for the contact above described of the edges of the paekings 19 with the bevels 44.

Motive force for actuating power pistons and simultaneously therewith the pump pistons is supplied to the cylinder 1() (see Figs. 1 and 2) through an inlet 46 and exhausted therefrom from the port 47 to and from the cylinder 11 (see Fig. 2) through the inlet 48 and exhaust port 49, which inlets and ports so far described are formed (see Fig. 1) in a tubular standard 50 at the junction of the cylinders and which also forms a seat for a rotary valve 51 (see Fig. 4) provided with an inlet 52 and two exhaust ports 53 and 54 between which in the body of the valve there is no communication, for the inlet 52 of the valve extends transversely entirely through the valve, whereas the exhaust ports 53 and 54 open into a chamber 55 (see Fig. 7) inr the body of the valve communicating with a discharge cock 56, but which may be a pipe conducting the exhaust motive force to any desired point away from the power cylinders, the motive force being supplied thereto through a pipe 57 in which there is a stop cock and may be a globe valve 58 for regulating and cutting off the supply of motive force, and for regulating the supply of steam to an oscillating piston structure which will now be described.

Stop cock or globe valve 58, as may be, is of the ordinary structure and provided with a hand-hold 59, and furthermore with a transversepassage, not shown, bisecting the supply passage therein which transverse passage extends longitudinally in a projection 60, which is bisected by a cylinder 61 oscillating thereon, and held against detachment by a screw 62, which cylinder projects downwardly and has an elongated piston 63, which lower end is pivoted upon a crank pin 64, secured on the outer face and towards the periphery of a pinion 65, the teeth of which are formed by laterally projecting'. pins 66 which, as shown in the drawings, are three in number but for the purpose of their operation may be of any other number. Pinion 65 is secured to ahub 67 sleeved on the stem of the valve 51.

Rigidly secured on the rojecting stem end of the valve 51 is a cranll; plate 68, the arm 69 of which projects into a segmental slot 70 inthe pinion as clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 6, and for the purposes presently to be de- The pump pistons 21 and 22 are rigidly connected by rods 71 and 72 (see Figs. 5 and 7) to one of which is rigidly secured two parallel uprights 73 and 74 (see Figs. 1 and 5) united at their upper ends by an angular bar 75 which is screw-threaded towards each end at points between the standard (see Fig. 6) as shown at 76A and has on these screwthreaded portions adjustable nuts 77 and 78.

Supporting and sliding upon the bar 75 is a rack 79 provided with opposing teeth 80 and 81 adapted to alternately engage the teeth 66 of the pinion 65 and to have the length of its stroke increased and decreased by means of the adjustable nuts 77 and 78 and whereby the rapidity of the shifting of the valve is increased or diminished and maintained at any desiredgiven number of strokes per minute.

In order to maintain the valve 51 closely seated and to take up wear, a s ring 82 (see Fig. 7) is sleeved thereon and as one end abutting against a shoulder formed by a large recess in the hub 67, and its outer end bearing against the crankplate 68 rigid on the valve sleeve, the tendency of the spring being to tighten the valve in its seat owing to the fact that both the valve and the seat correspondingly taper on lines converging towards the crank plate.

In operation with the parts in the position shown in Fig. 1, the motive force is flowing down through the pipe 57, the valve, and the inlet 46 into the cylinder 10 against the piston 17, during the time of which flow the port 47 is closed as is also the inlet 48 of the cylinder 11, while its rport 49 is open, and discharging exhaust into the chamber 55 of the valve and thence onward to its destination. As this supply of motive force con-- tinues, the power piston 17, and simultaneously with it the lpump piston 21, arel dium of the connecting rods 71 and 72, the power piston 18 and the pump piston 22 will simultaneously be pulled inwardly to the limit of their inner or back stroke when the cup packing 19 will engage the annular bevel 44 on the head 12, and be thereby forced outwardly and tightened against the walls of lthe cylinder 11. At the moment the piston 17 begins to move towards the limit of its outward stroke, as just described, the cylinder 61 and iston 63 of the oscillating piston, are in t e inclined position shown in Fig. 1 and at the limit of their downward movement, and the slidingrack 79 is at the limit of its stroke and out of engagement with the pinion, but as the piston 17 continues its outward movement, the rack, by reason of its support from the connecting rods of the pump pistons and its engagement by the adjustable nut 77, is gradually moved to engagement with the pinion and thereafter rotates the pinion 65 against the resistance of the stroke of the oscillating piston until the instant that piston has moved to the limit of its upward stroke to and beyond a vertical position, which is its dead center, when the expansion of the motive force therein will quickly swing it downwardly to the limit of its other and opposite `down stroke, and cause the pinion to as quickly carry the sliding rack onward to the limit of its stroke, and in position to be again moved to engagement with the pinion during the return or inward stroke of the piston 17, and in the same manner and by the same means that caused its engagement therewith as above described occurred. At the time the piston 17 began its outward thrust movement, as just described, and at which time the motive force was flowing into the valve 51, the position of the crank arm 69 in the slot 70 was reversed from that which it now occupies in Fig. 5, the result being that the valve was stationary until after the sliding rack had moved the oscillating pinion beyond its Adead center towards the position shown4 in Fig. 5, and had by the expansion 0f the motive force therein quickly shifted the position of the pinion until the end wall of its slot engaged and swung the crank arm to the right to the position shown in Fig. 5, in which position ofthe crank arm, the pinion and the oscillating piston,the valve 51 is reversed from that shown in Fig. 1, that is to say, motive force is flowing through the valve and the inlet 48 into the cylinder 11 and against the piston 18, while in the meantime its port 49 is closed and the port 47 of the piston chamber 10 is opened. In other words, the valve is shifted by the operation of the oscillating piston and not by the operation of either 'the pump or power piston which serves only ansion of the motive force therein to oscilate the pinion, and at the same time disengage it from its rack bar so that the power and pump pistons make a substantial portion of their stroke in both directions without causing any movement of the valve, and in fact make both of their strokes in the absence of any connection with the valves or which is directly concerned in its shifting for the movement of the valve as dependent upon and its shifting entirely produced by the action of the oscillating piston structure.

As shown in Fig. 8, a spring may be substituted and perform the functions of the oscillating piston in which construction, however, two gears are necessarily employed, one of which gears is provided with a radial slot and carries the crank Aarm engaging therewith, while the other gear carries the pinion and the position of the rack bar is reversed from a depending to an upwardly projecting position. In said Fig. 8, 83 and S4 indicate two intermeshing gears, the upper of which gears 83 is pivoted on a stud S5 projecting from the pipe 57 more clearly shown in Fig. 7, and the lower gear upon the projection 67, the internal bore of which provides a bearing for the valve stem which projects outwardly beyond the same and has secured thereto a bell crank plate 86, the crank arm 87 of which projects into a segmental slot S8 in the gear S4 which crank arm and its plate and the slot are similar in every respect to the crank arm 68 and slot 70 in Figs. 5 and 6. The upper gear S3 is provided with lateral projecting pins S9, three in number, and which correspond with the teeth of the pinion 65 in Figs. 5 and 6, and so arranged that they may be engaged by a sliding rack 90 supported and operating precisely the same as the corresponding rack 7 9 in Figs. 1, 5 and 6, except that its teeth project upwardly above the same in Fig. 8 whereas they project below as shown in the three figures above mentioned. Projecting outwardly from the gears S3 and 84 are studs or pins 91 and 92 respectively, and to which are secured at its opposite ends a coil spring 93, the operation of which is substantially the same in effect upon the gears and their cooperating parts as that of the oscillating piston first described. For example, when the spring 93 is in the position it is shown to have in Fig. 8 its tension serves to maintain both gears at one limit of their oscillation, as does the vibrating piston when in substantially the same position, but as the pump and power pistons move from the limit of one stroke towards the other, the sliding rack bar 90 engages the pinion teeth 89 and revolves the gears against the resistance of the spring 93 until the gears have passed their dead centers when the force of the spring will actuate and instantly force the gears to the opposite limit of their oscillation but before they have reached that limit the arm 87 of'the bell crank will have engaged the end wall of the slot 88, and as quickly shifted the valve to its second position as before described in connection with Figs. l to 7 inclusive. In this connection it is proper to add that instead of employing the motive force used for the power pistons to actuate the oscillating piston, and which may be steam, gas, etc., a spring con'lined within the oscillating cylinder may he employed so that it will be compressed by the inward thrust of the piston and expanded by the retraction of the piston, but whether this substitution is made or not, it is obvious that such an oscillating piston structure is the mechanical equivalent of the spring employed in the structure illustrated in Fig. 8, because the operation of the auxiliary piston with regard to the pinion and the valve is precisely the same and produces the same results in both instances.

In both forms of structure shown it should be noted that the lost motion which occurs between the valve and the stops therefor against the end walls of the pinion-slot provides for maintaining the valve against movement untilv the power and pump pistons have reached the limit of their strokes and that the valve may be instantly shifted without any undue dragging tending to retard that movement.

Although the connection between the valve and the auxiliary piston is provided for by means of a slot in the pinion, it will be no substantial departure from the spirit of my invention to employ stop pins carried by radial arms, and instead of having the teeth of the pinion projecting from a plate they may be likewise carried by arms extending radially from a hub like structure similar to that which carries the pinion. Again it should be understood that my invention is not limited to the employment of an oscillating plug-valve such as has been shown and described, for it would not require the exercise of more than ordinary mechanical skill to connect the shifting mechanism with a rotary or a sliding valve so that either of' said valves would be operated precisely the same way and produce the same result as that accruing to the plug-valve shown and described.

Ihile I have shown and described a valve shifting mechanism of my invention adapted for a double acting pump, it should be stated that it is also adaptable for single acting pumps in which a double end piston is employed in the power cylinder and on the other hand it is apparent that the employment of such a valve structure and shifting mechanism when applied to a double acting pump, such as is herein described, an important advantage in cheapness, simplicity and certainty of operation follows which it is desirable, for many reasons to secure.

. In conclusion it shoul'd be noted that the end to end arrangement of the power and pump cylinders and the connection with each other in a direct line with the pistons of the adjacent cylinder are productive of most important results in that not only is the actuating force for duplex power cylinders controlled by a single valve, but it is so directed from a power cylinder to a pum cylinder that the pump pistons may be su stantially larger than the power pistons and be successfully actuated by a corresponding less volume of power, as for example less amount of steam at any given pressure, whereas before my invention the common practice has been to have the power pistons larger than the pump pistons or in any event not less than of the same'size.

Having described my invention, what I desire and claim by Letters Patent is 1. In a pump the combination oftwo pump cylinders, an intermediate duplex power cylinder separating and isolating said pumpl cylinders from each other, all of said cylinders being alined' end to end about a common axis, pistons for each of said cylinders, piston` rods connecting in pairs the pistons of adjacent pump and power cylinders, a rod or rods connecting said pairs of pistons and a single valve controlling the motive fluid to power cylinders, substantially as described.

2. A pump comprising in combination two pump cylinders both of which are open at one end, an intermediate power cylinder separating and isolating said pump cylinders from each other, all of said several cylinders being alined end to end about a common axis, pistons for each of said cylinders, piston rods connecting in pairs the pistons for adjacent pump and power cylinders, a rod or rods connecting said pairs of pistons, and means controlling the motive fiuid to both power cylinders, substantially as described.

3. A pump comprising in combination two pump cylinders, an intermediate open-end y duplex power cylinder between and separating said pump cylinders from each other, all of said cylinders being alined end to end about a common axis, pistons for each of said cylinders, piston rods connecting in pairs the pistons for adj acentpump and power cylinders, a rod connecting said pairs of pistons, and means controlling the motive fluid to both power cylinders, substantially as described.

4. A pump comprising in combination two pump cylinders, intermediate duplex power cylinders between and isolating said pump cylinders from each other, the opposing ends of said cylinders being-open and all of said cylinders being alined end to endabout a common axis, pistons for each of said cylinders, iston rods connecting in pairs pistons for adjacent power and pump cylinders, a rod or rods connecting said pairs of pistons,

and means controlling the motive Huid to both cylinders, substantially as described.

5. A pump comprising in combination two pump cylinders, two open end pump cylinders, an intermediate open end duplex power rcylinder between and isolating said pump cylinders from each other, said several cylinders being formed integrally with each other, adjacent pump and power cylinders opening into each other and arranged end to end about an axis common to all, pistons for each` of said cylinders, piston rods connecting in pairs the pistons for adjacent power and pump cylinders, a rod or rods connecting said pairs of pistons, yand a single valve controling the motive fluid to both power cylinders, substantially as described.

6. A pump comprising in combination two open end pump cylinders, an intermediate duplex power cylinder between and separating said pump cylinders from each other, all of said several cylinders being alined end to end about a common axis, plstons for each pairof said cylinders, pistonr rods connecting` in lpairs pistons of adjacent pump and power cy inders, a rod or rods projecting into the pump cylinders and connecting said pairs of' pistons, and means controlling the motive fluid to both power cylinders, substantially as described,

7. In a double acting pump two pump cylinders, intermediate power cylinders isolating said-pump cylinders, pistons for all of said cylinders, piston rods connecting the pistons of adjacent power and pump cylinders in pairs, said several cylinders being arranged end to end, the openings of the pump pistons being of substantially greater area thanY those of the power pistons, a rod or rods projecting into the pump cylinder and connecting said pairs of pistons and a single valveA controlling the motive fluid to the l power pistons, substantially as described.

8. In a pump the combination of two pump cylinders, intermediate power cylinders in end to end arrangement about an axis common to all respectively and directly opening the one into the other, the power cylinders of substantially less diameter than the pump cylinders, correspondingly differentiating pistons for each of said several cylinders, plston rods connectin the pistons of adjacent pump and power cylinders in pairs, and provided with passages for conducting fluids therethrough, valves controlling the iiow of iiuids through said piston rods and pump cylinders and a single valve controllin the motive Huid to the power cylinders, su stantially as described. A

9, In a pump the combination with two open end single acting pump cylinders, intermediate duplex open end power cylinders separating and isolating said pump cylinders from'each other, the several said cylinders being arranged end to end about a common aXis and in open communication with each other, separate power and pump pistons for the adjacent pump and power pistons, means rigidly connecting said pump and power cylinders with each other, separate inlet and outlet ports for each power cylinder, a single valve controlling said ports and regulating the supply of motive fluid to the power cylinders actuating the pump cylinders, and means connecting said parts of pistons together and the valve with both pump and pistons, substantially as described.

-v 10. In a pump, the combination with single acting duplex pump cylinders, intermediate duplex power cylinders, a valve controlling the motive iiuid therefor, a valve shifting mechanism and an adjustable sliding rack connection between the pump piston and the valve shifting mechanism, substantially as described.

11. In a pump, the combinationwith a pump piston, a power piston, a valve controlling the motive fluid therefor, and a valve shifting mechanism, of an adjustable slidable rack connection between the pump piston and the valve shifting mechanism, substantially as described.

12. In a pump, the combination with a pump piston, a power piston, a valve controlling the motive fluid therefor, a valve shifting mechanism and a pinion therein, of a sliding rack adapted to engage said pinion and connect the pump piston with the valve shifting mechanism, substantially as described.

13. In a pump, the combination with a pump piston, a valve controlling the motive fluid therefor, a valve shifting mechanism, a slotted pinion therein, and means connecting said pinion with the valve of a pump piston, and a sliding rack connection between the pump piston and the valve shifting mechanism, substantially as described.

l14. In a pump, the combination with a. pump piston, a valve' controlling the motive fluid therefor, a valve shifting mechanism a slotted pinion connection thereof with the valve, and a sliding rack adapted to engage said pinion, of a pump piston, and means whereby said rack is connected with and actuated by the pump piston, substantially as described.

15. In a pump, the combination with a pump piston, a valve controlling the motive iiuid therefor and having dead centers, an oscillating valve-shifting mechanism automatically moving said valve olf its dead centers, and means for storing power, of a pump piston, and an adjustable sliding rack connecting said piston with the valve-shifting mechanism and whereby said mechanism is maintained ofi' its dead centers, and power for actuating the valve is stored therein, substantially as described.

16. In a pump, the combination of a pump piston, a power piston, a single valve having dead centers and controlling the motive fluid therefor, a valve shifting mechanism, an adjustable sliding rack connection between tlie pump piston and the valve shifting mechanism, and a spring moving said valve off its deadv centers, substantially as described.

17. In a pump, the combination of a pump piston, a power piston, a valve controlling the motive fluid therefor, a valve-shifting mechanism having therein a sliding rack, a pinion and a spring having a bodily lateral movement shifting the pinion oil its dead centers, substantially as described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 13th day of September, 1906.

WILLIAM IIIRKVVOOD.

In the presence of- E. K. MANCHESTER, JNO. G. E Lrrorfr.

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