US896452A - Wind-chest for pipe-organs. - Google Patents

Description

No. 896,452. PATENTED AUG. 18, 1908.

I A. E. KENT. WIND CHEST FOR PIPE ORGANS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 6, 1908.

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WIND CHEST FOR PIPE ORGANS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 6, 190a.

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R I: J? 4, I. I a i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT E. KENT, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO A. B. FELGIMAKER ERIE ORGAN COMPANY, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

WIND-CHEST FOR PIPE-ORGANS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 18,1908.

Application filed February 6, 1908. Serial No. 414,562.

To all whom it may concern? Be it known that I, ALBERT E. KENT, a citizen of Great Britain, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wind-Chests for Pipe-Organs; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, forming part of this specification.

My invention relates to wind-chests for pipe organs, and has for its object the construction of an independent wind-chest for each set of pipes, into which the wind may be turned when it is desired to use that particular chest and its relative pipes; also to provide pneumatic valve mechanism for each speaking pipe adapted to be operated by a single key-controlled pneumatic.

Another object is to provide a pipe-valve mechanism that can be readily detached without disturbing the rest of-the mechanism.

These and other features of my invention will appear hereinafter in the specification and claims, and are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which: 7

Figure 1 is a top or plan view of a series of my improved wind-chests for pipe organs, parts thereof being broken away. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of the same on the line 9cx in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a like section of the same on the line yy in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same on the line .22 in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Fig. 5 is a view in side elevation of one of the pipevalve mechanisms removed from the chest.

In these drawings A A A indicate a series of wind-chests each of which is independent and unconnected with any other wind chest in the organ, and each of which, with its attached pipe-valve mechanisms hereinafter described, is a duplicate of the others, there being one wind-chest A for each set of pipes used in the organ. When one of these windchests A is to be used, the wind is supplied thereto under sufficient pressure through its air-trunk A, said air being turned on or ofi therefrom by .means of the ordinary stop mechanism of the organ, which is not a subj ect of the present invention.

valves F to the valve-ducts a.

The front wall of my improved wind-chest A is vertically pierced with pipe-ducts a, there being as many pipe-ducts a as there are tones in the scale of the organ, and the rear wall thereof is also pierced with a like num ber of vertical key-controlled ducts a. The bottom A of this chest A is provided with as many openings A (see Fig. 3) as there are pipe-ducts a (usually 61 in number). Under the bottom A of the wind-chest A, covering and closing each of the openings A, I secure valve-blocks B, one to cover each of said openings. The valve block B is provided with an air-passage B leading from a valveseat 5 concentric with the opening A in the bottom of the chest A, to the lower end of a pipe-duct a in the wind-chest A. There is also an extension of the key-controlled duct a through the rear end of the blockB.

Under each block B I secure a pneumatic C which is preferably provided with a weight for the purpose of collapsing the pneumatic when the air is cut off therefrom. From this pneumatic O a duct 0, in the support C (see Fig. 3) leads to the lower end of the key-controlled duct (1 In the construction of pipe organs I preferably connect a number of wind chests of the type hereinbefore described in series by means of a board D, to the under side of which the chests A are secured, and which board D entirely covers said chests transversely the entire length thereof. This board D is provided with passages or ducts D, one for each key in the organ key-board and controlled thereby, and each of the passages D is connected and communicates with the key-controlledducts a, as shown in Fig. 2, and by broken lines in Figs. 1 and 4, the passages D lying between the pipe ducts a and branch key controlled ducts a, as shown by broken lines in Figs. 1 and 4. The advantage of this construction is that it gives a single straight air passage from the key-controlled The pipeducts a extend upward through the board D. On top of the board D above the chest A, I place a base board A having therein an extension o of the pipe duct (1, and on top of this base-board A I place the pipe-board A in which the pipe openings a are placed, and which communicate with the extensions a of the pipe-ducts a.

The rear end of the board D extends beyond the chest A and is provided with openings d one of which communicates with each of the passages D in said board. Upon this extension is placed a pneumatic chest E. On the under side of the top of this chest E, and over each of the openings cl in the board D forming the bottom of said chest E, I place a pneumatic F, having a weight f on its underside to maintain it in a normally extended position. From this pneumatic F a valvestem F extends through the opening (I, and upon said valve-stem is secured a valve F which normally seats upon the upper end of the opening (Z, and another valve F is secured upon said. valve-stem below the lower end of said opening (Z, and normally leaves the lower end of said opening open. From the interior of the pneumatic F, a key-pipe G leads to the key-board ol the organ. not shown. There is a leak passage E from the interior of the pneumatic chest E to the interior of the pipe G through which the air leaks for the purpose of equalizing the pressure in the pipe and pneumatic G and F with that in the chest E. For the purpose of regulating the passage of air through the leak E, I provide a regulating screw 0. Compressed air is supplied to the interior of the chest I) by means of the air pipe E from any convenient source capable ot furnishing a steady pressure.

Supported and operated by the pneumatic C, under the wind-chest A, there is a valvestem II, the lower end. of which is securely fastened to the top of the pneumatic C. These valve-stems II pass upward through contractedv openings 1) in the blocks B and through the valve-seats b thereon, and are provided with a'small valve h adapted to close the openings 1) when the valve-stem H is raised by the pneumatic C. On the upper ends of these valve-stems H, I secure pipe valves II in the usual manner. The pneu matic C or valve H may be weighted, or not, as desired, but I prefer to weight the pneumatic sulliciently to insure quick closing of the valve II upon its seat I), when the air in the pneumatic C is exhausted therefrom.

In operation compressed air is, by means of the usual combination stop mechanism common to this type of organs, turned into the wind-chest A. Air is also supplied under steady pressure to the pneumatic chest E through the air pipe E which air passes through the leak-passage E until the pressure in the key-pipes G and pneumatics F is the same as in the chest E. When the air in one of the pipes G- is opened, or allowed to escape to the atmosphere the pressure in the chest E collapses the pneumatic F, thereby opening the valve F and closing the valve F, thus allowing the air in the chest E to pass into the duct D and therefrom into all of the key-controlled ducts a connected with that particular duct D, which air causes the pneumatics C to raise the valves II in each of the Wind-chests A, thereby allowing the compressed air in the chest A to pass into the pipe duct (1 and thence to the organ pipes through the pipe opening (1 It is obvious, however that where pressure is absent in any of the wind-chests A their corresponding organ-pipes will remain silent although their valves II are opened.

From the foregoing description it is obvious that the number of wind-chests that can be used with my improved construction is only limited by the desires of the builder, the only change necessary being in the length. of the board I) and its ducts D and the number of wind-chests A secured thereto.

I am aware of the construction o'l" windchests and pneumatic actions disclosed in United. States Letters-Patent to Haskell, N o. 734,261, Sommerho'l, No. 362,629, lioosvclt. No. 449,177 and Wirsching No. 513,931. But in all of these patents the inventors and patentees exhaust their pipe-valve motors to make their pipes speak, which system car ries with it the necessity ol" maintaining air pressure in each pipe-valve motor, when the keys are at rest, of which there is one lor each key in the scale of the organ key-board multiplied by the number ol stops, and as each ol" those pneumatic motors are mainly constructed of leather, which is more or less porous, there is a great loss of air therel'rom.

The advantage of my system of pipe- 'al e motors C is that they are normally collapsed or exhausted, and only when the pipes speak is air supplied to the motors C. The only motors in my system which remain normally in a distended position are the motors F, but as they are inclosed in an air chest E, there is no loss by leakage therefrom, which enables me to produce a quicker and stronger acting pneumatic. Another advantage of my invention over the mechanisms disclosed in the said patents is the total absence ol any pneumatic motors within the wind-chests A, surrounded by a body of direct pipe-speaking wind, which does away with any chance of concussion of pipe-wind and consequent fluttering of tone, caused by the rapidly vibrating motors when inclosed within the direct pipe-wind as shown in the patents above mentioned. Another advantage of my invention is that I am enabled to use a pipevalve motor which collapses entirely by gravity when the pipe is silent, without the aid. of springs to help the action of the motor either way, and Which can safely be worked under one pressure. Another advantage ol? my invention over the disclosures oi the above mentioned patents is that all of my pipe-valve motors C and their supports and attached pipe-valves, are self contained. and individually removable from the outside ol the chest when repairs thereto are needed.

Having thus described my invention so as to enable others to construct and use the same, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters-Patent is:

1. In a Wind-chest for pipe organs one or more independent stop-chambers, pipe-Wind valve-seats removably secured to the exterior of each of said stop-chambers, valves seated upon said valve-seats, valve-motors removably secured under each of said valves, valvestems extending from each of said motors to and secured in each of said valves, a pipeboard for each of said stop-chambers, said board having pipe seat openings therethrough, pipe-Wind duets leading from said pipe-Wind valve-seats to said pipe-seat openings, key-controlled ducts leading from a source of compressed air supply to said valveoperating motors, and compressed air conveying ducts leading from each of said stopchambers to a source of compressed air supply, substantially as set forth.

2. In a Wind-chest for pipe organs, one or more independent stopchambers, pipe-Wind valve-seats removably secured to the exterior of said stop-chambers, valves seated upon said valve-seats, valve operating motors removably secured under each of said valves, valve-stems extending from each of said motors to and secured in each of said valves, a pipe-board for each of said stopchambers having pipe-seat openings therethrough, pipe-Wind ducts leading from each of said valve-seats to each of said pipe-seat openings, a compressed-air containing chamber, a series of key-controlled valve-seats through the bottom of said chamber, valves seated upon said valve-seats, valve-operating motors secured to the top of said airchamber one above each .of said Valve-seats, valve-stems extending from each of said motors to and through each of said valves and valve-seats, valves secured upon each of said valve-stems adapted'to seat against and close the under side of each of said valveseats, exhaust ducts leading from each of said valve-motors to the keyboard of the organ, key controlled ducts leading from each of said valve-seats in the bottom of said compressed-air chamber to each of said pipe- Wind valve operating motors, and compressed air conveying ducts leading from a source of compressed air supply to each of said stop-chambers, and to said compressed air containing chamber, substantially as set forth.

3. In a Wind chest for pipe organs, a ductboard extending throughout the length and Width of the Wind chest, longitudinal keycontrolled ducts Within said board, an independent stop chamber for each set of speaking pipes supplied from said Wind-chest secured to said duct-board transversely of the zey-controlled ducts therein, a pipe-board having pipe-seat openings therethrough for each of said stop-chambers, pipe-valve-seats removably secured to said stop-chambers,

valves seated thereon, pi e-Wind ducts lead ing from each of said va ve-seats to each of said pipe-seat openings, a pipe-valve operat ing motor removably secured underneath each of said pipe-valves, valve-stems ex tending from each of said motors to and secured in each of said pipe-valves, an auxiliary valve on each of said valvestems adapted to close the valve-stem opening through the Wall of the pipe-Wind ducts When the pipe-valve is raised, branch key-controlled ducts leading from the longitudinal ducts in the duct-board to the pipe-valve operating motors, compressed air conveyer pipes leading from a source of compressed air supply to each of said stop chambers, a compressed air chamber mounted upon said duct-board, valve-seat openings through the bottom of said chamber communicating With the longitudinal key-controlled ducts in said ductboard, valve-operating motors secured to the roof of said air chamber, valve-stems leading from each of said motors through each of said valve-seat openings, valves on each of said valve-stems adapted to close the upper end of each of said valve-seat openings and open the under end thereof when its relative motor is inflated and to open the upper end of said valve-seat opening and close the lower end thereof When the motor is collapsed, exhaust ducts leading from the interior of each of said motors Within said compressed air-chamber to the key-board of the organ, and a compressed air conveying pipe leading from a source of compressed air supply to said chamber, substantially as set forth.

4. In a Wind-chest for pipe organs, one or more independent stop-chambers, pipe-Wind valve-seats removably secured to the exterior of eachof said stop chambers, valves seated u on said valve-seats, valve motors removab y secured underneath each of said valves, valve-stems extending from each of said motors to and secured in each of said valves, means for rapidly closing said pipe valves, a pipe-board for each of said stopchambers, said board having pipe-seat openings therethrough, pipe-Wind ducts leading from said removable valve-seats to said pipeseat openings, key controlled ducts leading from a source of compressed air supply to said valve-operating motors, and compressed air conveying ducts leading from each of said stop-chambers to a source of compressed air supply, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a Wind-chest for pipe organs With an individual pipevalve mechanism for each pipe valve, comprising substantially a valve-seat, valve, and valve operating means, said mechanism adapted to be independently secured to and removed from said Wind-chest, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of a Wind-chest for pipe organs with an independently removable pipe-valve mechanism comprising substantially a base removablyseeured to said chest, having therein the pipe-valve seat and a valve-stem opening, a pipe-Wind duct leading from said valve-seat opening, a valve seated upon said valve-seat opening, a stem secured to said valve and extending through said valve-stem opening, an auxiliary valve on said valve-stem adapted to be seated against said valve-stem opening when the pipe-valve is opened, a valve operatingmotor underneath said valve-stem and secured thereto, means secured to said base adapted to support the under side of said motor, and a key-controlled duct leading from the interior of said motor to a source of compressed air supply, substantially as set forth.

'7. The combination of a Wind-chest for pipe organs with an independently removable pipe-valve mechanism adapted to he secured to the exterior of said chest comprising substantially a base having the pipe-valve I seat and valve-stem opening therein, a pipe- Wind duet therein adapted to convey pipe- Wind from said valve-seat opening, a motor support adapted to be removably secured to said base, a valve operating motor secured to said support, a key controlled duet leading from a source of compressed air supply to the interior of said motor, a valve-stem secured to said motor and extending through the valve-stem opening and valve-seat in said base, a valve upon said stem seated upon said valve-seat, and an auxiliary valve on said stem adapted to close said valve-stem opening When the pipe-valve is raised, sub stantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I ailix my signature, in presence of two Witnesses.

AIJBER'I 'IG. KENT.

itnesses II. M. STURGEON, G. J. MEAD.

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