US8913093B2 - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display device Download PDFInfo
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- US8913093B2 US8913093B2 US13/626,569 US201213626569A US8913093B2 US 8913093 B2 US8913093 B2 US 8913093B2 US 201213626569 A US201213626569 A US 201213626569A US 8913093 B2 US8913093 B2 US 8913093B2
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Classifications
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- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3607—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals for displaying colours or for displaying grey scales with a specific pixel layout, e.g. using sub-pixels
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- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3648—Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a liquid crystal display apparatus, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display apparatus capable of improving uniformity in luminance of RGB pixels by asymmetrically designing RGB pixels, and enhancing display quality.
- Liquid crystal display apparatus (hereinafter, referred to as ‘LCD apparatus’) have been widely used owing to development of mass production technology, easiness of driving means, low power consumption, high resolution, and large-sized screen, and furthermore, its application field has been gradually expanded.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the related art.
- a plurality of gate lines 10 and data lines 20 are provided in such a manner that the gate line 10 crosses the data line 20 , to thereby define a plurality of pixels 30 .
- the plurality of pixels 30 may include red, green, and blue pixels.
- One red pixel, one green pixel, and one blue pixel being adjacent each other in a direction constitute one unit pixel.
- a data voltage supplied to the pixel 30 is switched through a switching element 40 , wherein the data voltage controls transmittance of light emitted from a backlight unit, to thereby display color images.
- the switching element 40 is formed of a thin film transistor (TFT).
- the LCD apparatus is provided in such a manner that the red, green, and blue pixels are designed symmetrically. That is, all pixels have the same length (x) and width (Y). Also, the switching element 40 is identically positioned in the respective red, green, and blue pixels.
- a display quality of the LCD apparatus may be determined according to various factors, wherein one of the most important factors is luminance of image.
- the luminance of image may vary according to brightness of backlight, luminance properties of color, and light transmittance of pixel including liquid crystal, wherein the light transmittance of pixel is aperture ratio of pixel.
- the luminance of image may vary mostly according to luminance properties of color.
- the luminance of white color may vary according to the color properties of the red, green, and blue pixels, wherein the color properties of the red, green, and blue pixels include color coordinates and luminance of the red, green, and blue pixels.
- white colors with different color coordinates are obtained by the color coordinates and luminance combination of the red, green, and blue pixels.
- Manufacturers of the LCD apparatus may have the same requirements for the red, green and blue colors, however, may have the different requirements for the white color. For example, some manufacturers require that a color coordinate of white color (X,Y) should be (0.318, 0.318), while other manufacturers require that a color coordinate of white color (X, Y) should be (0.310, 0.320). As mentioned above, a white color in a color coordinate such as (0.310, 0.320) can be obtained by the color coordinates and a luminance combination of the red, green, and blue pixels.
- the green color is at the high level; the red color is at the intermediate level; and the blue color is at the low level. Supposing that all the pixels have the same aperture ratio, generally. In this case, if the luminance of green pixel is 100%, the luminance of red pixel is 90%, and the luminance of blue pixel is 78%, generally.
- a method for adjusting the luminance in the red, green, and blue pixels may be carried out by adjusting a gamma value or adjusting light transmittance of the pixels (i.e., aperture ratio of the pixels).
- FIG. 2 illustrates a pixel design changed to decrease luminance deviation by each color.
- the related art LCD apparatus is provided in such a manner that the aperture ratios of the red pixel, green pixel, and blue pixel are adjusted to decrease the luminance deviation by each color.
- the aperture ratio of the blue pixel whose luminance is at the low level is 100%
- the aperture ratio of the red pixel may be decreased to 90%
- the aperture ratio of the green pixel may be decreased to 78%.
- the luminance deviation by each color may be decreased by adjusting the aperture ratio of the pixels, thereby the color coordinates of white color may be adjusted.
- luminance values of the red pixel, green pixel, and blue pixels are set to the maximum values.
- the loss of entire transmittance may occur in a panel, thereby lowering the luminance of image and degrading the display quality.
- a liquid crystal display apparatus includes: a red pixel for transmitting red-colored light; a red pixel switching element that switches a driving signal of the red pixel; a green pixel for transmitting green-colored light; a green pixel switching element that switches a driving signal of the green pixel; a blue pixel for transmitting blue-colored light; and a blue pixel switching element that switches a driving signal of the blue pixel, wherein a switching element of at least one pixel having relatively low luminance among the red pixel, green pixel and blue pixel is formed in the pixel area having relatively high luminance.
- a liquid crystal display apparatus comprising: a plurality of gate and data lines crossing each other; a red pixel switching element that switches driving of a red pixel; a green pixel switching element that switches driving of a green pixel; and a blue pixel switching element that switches driving of a blue pixel, wherein, a data line that supplies a data voltage to the pixel with relatively low luminance among the red, green and blue pixels is bent toward the pixel with relatively high luminance.
- the LCD apparatuses according to the embodiments of the present invention improve the transmittance of RGB pixels, and adjust the color coordinates of white color.
- the LCD apparatuses according to the embodiments of the present invention prevent a distortion in the color coordinates of white color.
- the LCD apparatuses according to the embodiments of the present invention adjust the color coordinates of white color without lowering the transmittance of RGB pixels.
- the LCD apparatuses according to the embodiments of the present invention enhance luminance of white color.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the related art
- FIG. 2 illustrates a pixel design changed to decrease luminance deviation by each color
- FIG. 3 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view along A 1 -A 2 of FIG. 3 , which illustrates a contact structure of a switching element and a pixel electrode according to a change of switching element position;
- FIG. 5 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 illustrates a contact structure between switching element and pixel electrode by the change of switching element position according to another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 11 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- first structure is positioned ‘on or above’ or ‘under or below’ a second structure
- first and structures are brought into contact with each other, or a third structure is interposed between the first and second structures.
- the ‘structure’ may be, for example, an electrode, a line, a wiring layer, or a contact.
- the LCD apparatus may be classified into Twisted Nematic (TN) mode, Vertical Alignment (VA) mode, In-Plane Switching (IPS) mode, Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode, and etc.
- TN Twisted Nematic
- VA Vertical Alignment
- IPS In-Plane Switching
- FFS Fringe Field Switching
- pixel and common electrodes are formed on a lower substrate (TFT array substrate), and the alignment of liquid crystal layer is controlled by an electric field formed between the pixel and common electrodes.
- the pixel and common electrodes are arranged alternately so that an in-plane electric field parallel to the substrates occurs between the pixel and common electrodes, to thereby control the alignment of liquid crystal layer.
- the pixel and common electrodes are formed with a predetermined interval by an insulating layer interposed therebetween.
- one of the pixel and common electrodes is formed in a plate shape or pattern, and the other is formed in a finger shape.
- the alignment of liquid crystal layer is controlled by a fringe field occurring between the pixel and common electrodes
- the LCD apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention may be applied to any of the above TN mode, VA mode, IPS mode, and FFS mode.
- the FFS mode will be applied to display images.
- the LCD apparatus includes a liquid crystal panel for displaying images, a backlight unit for supplying light to the liquid crystal panel, and a driving circuit.
- the driving circuit includes a timing controller (T-con), a data driver (D-IC), a gate driver (G-IC), a backlight driver, and a power supplier for supplying driving power to driving circuits. If applying a touch panel, the driving circuit may further include a touch sensing driver.
- the backlight unit includes a light source for generating light supplied to the liquid crystal panel, and a plurality of optical members for improving light efficiency.
- the light source may be CCFL (Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp), EEFL (External Electrode Fluorescent Lamp), or LED (Light Emitting Diode).
- CCFL Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp
- EEFL External Electrode Fluorescent Lamp
- LED Light Emitting Diode
- the plurality of optical members may include an LGP (Light Guide Panel), a diffusion film, a prism sheet, and DBEF (Dual Brightness Enhancement Film).
- LGP Light Guide Panel
- DBEF Double Brightness Enhancement Film
- FIG. 3 illustrates a pixel structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- a backlight unit for supplying light to pixels, and a driving circuit for driving the pixels are not shown in FIG. 3 .
- an LCD apparatus includes a plurality of gate lines 110 and data lines 120 .
- the plurality of gate lines 110 and data lines 120 are provided in such a manner that the gate line 110 crosses the data line 120 , to thereby define a plurality of pixels.
- the plurality of pixels may include red pixel 130 R, green pixel 130 G, and blue pixel 130 B, wherein these three-color pixels constitute a unit pixel.
- Data voltages supplied to the red pixel 130 R, green pixel 130 G, and blue pixel 130 B are switched through switching elements 140 R, 140 G, and 140 B, respectively, wherein the data voltages control transmittance of light emitted from the backlight unit, to thereby display color images.
- the switching elements 140 R, 140 G, and 140 B are formed of thin film transistors (TFT) at corner regions of pixel areas, wherein the corner regions s are adjacent to the crossings of the gate lines 110 and the data lines 120 .
- the color coordinates of white color are determined by not an absolute space of the red pixel 130 R, green pixel 130 G, and blue pixel 130 B, but a relative space ratio of the pixels. Specifically, the color coordinates of white color are obtained by the color coordinates and luminance combination of the red, green, and blue pixels.
- Requirements for the color coordinates of white color may vary according to manufacturers of the LCD apparatus.
- aperture areas of the red pixel, green pixel, and blue pixel may be designed asymmetrically. That is, aperture ratios of the red pixel, green pixel, and blue pixel may be designed asymmetrically.
- the aperture ratio of the blue pixel with the lowest luminance is designed to be 100%, the aperture ratio of the red pixel is decreased to 90%, and the aperture ratio of the green pixel is decreased to 78%.
- the entire aperture ratio of the unit pixel is decreased so that the luminance of image is lowered.
- the color coordinates of white color may be adjusted by the minimum decrease of the aperture ratio in the red pixel 130 R, green pixel 130 G, and blue pixel 130 B. For this, the switching element position is changed.
- the switching element of the pixel with the relatively low luminance is shifted to the pixel area with the relatively high luminance from the pixel area with the relatively low luminance. That is, the switching element of the pixel with the relatively low luminance may be formed in the pixel area with the relatively high luminance.
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B with the relatively low luminance is shifted to the area of the green pixel 130 G with the relatively high luminance.
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B which needs to increase the aperture area may be shifted to the area of the green pixel 130 G.
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B when the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B is shifted to the area of the green pixel 130 G, the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B may be formed, for example, at a corner region of the green pixel area adjacent to a crossing of the gate lines 110 and the data lines 120 in the same horizontal line (for example, along the extending direction of the gate line) with the switching element 140 G of the green pixel 130 G.
- the aperture ratio of the red pixel 130 R is 100%; the aperture ratio of the green pixel 130 G is 87%; and the aperture ratio of the blue pixel 130 B is 113%.
- the aperture ratio of the blue pixel 130 B is increased, thereby improving light transmittance of the unit pixel as compared with the related art. Also, the color coordinates of white color may be adjusted without the decrease of the aperture ratio in the unit pixel.
- a reference color coordinate of white color is (0.318, 0.348) and light transmittances of RGB pixels are 100% respectively, and a manufacturer requires that the color coordinate of white color should be adjusted to (0.310, 0.320).
- the color coordinates of white color may be adjusted by decreasing the aperture ratio of RGB pixels for the unit pixel.
- the light transmittance of unit pixel is decreased to 82% due to the decrease of the aperture ratio of RGB pixels.
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B whose luminance is relatively lower than that of the green pixel 130 G may be shifted to the green pixel 130 G with the relatively high luminance.
- the aperture ratio of the blue pixel 130 B is increased so that the light transmittance of unit pixel is improved by 11.6% in comparison to the related art.
- FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view along A 1 -A 2 of FIG. 3 , which illustrates a contact structure of the switching element and pixel electrode according to the change of switching element position.
- the contact structure for connecting the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B with the pixel electrode has to be changed.
- the pixel structure is changed so that the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B, which is shifted to the area of the green pixel 130 G, is connected with the pixel electrode 180 B of the blue pixel 130 B.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a lower substrate (TFT array substrate) with a TFT array of a liquid crystal panel, which illustrates some pixels among the entire pixels.
- the lower substrate of the liquid crystal panel includes a glass substrate 150 , a light shield layer 152 , a buffer layer 154 , a gate insulator (GI) 156 , an interlayer dielectric (ILD) 158 , a TFT, a first contact 160 , a bridge pattern 162 , a first passivation layer (PAS 1 ) 164 , a common electrode (Vcom electrode) 170 , and pixel electrodes 180 G and 180 B.
- GI gate insulator
- ILD interlayer dielectric
- the light shield layer 152 is formed in a predetermined area having the TFT on the glass substrate 150 , and the buffer layer 154 is formed to cover the light shield layer 152 .
- the light shield layer 152 prevents light from being incident on the TFT, to thereby prevent a light-leakage current.
- the light shield layer 152 may be formed of molybdenum (Mo) or aluminum (Al), wherein the light shield layer 152 may have a thickness of 500 ⁇ .
- the buffer layer 154 may be formed of an inorganic material, for example, SiO 2 or SiNx, wherein the buffer layer 154 may have a thickness of 2,000 ⁇ ⁇ 3,000 ⁇ .
- a data line 120 is formed on the buffer layer 154 .
- the green pixel 130 G is formed at one side with respect to the data line 120
- the blue pixel 1306 is formed at the other side.
- active (A), source (S), and drain (D) of the TFT are formed on the buffer layer 154 , wherein the active (A), source (S), and drain (D) are positioned in an overlap area between the buffer layer 154 and the light shield layer 152 .
- the source (S) and drain (D) are formed simultaneously with the data line 120 .
- the active (A) may be formed of low-temperature polysilicon (P—Si), wherein the active (A) may have a thickness of 500 ⁇ .
- the source (S) and drain (D) may be formed by doping a semiconductor layer with P-type or N-type dopant.
- the gate insulator (GI) 156 is formed on an entire surface of the buffer layer 154 , to thereby cover the active (A), source (S), and drain (D).
- the gate insulator 156 may be formed of SiO 2 , wherein the gate insulator 156 may have a thickness of 1,300 ⁇ .
- the gate insulator 156 may be formed by depositing TEOS (Tetra Ethyl Ortho Silicate) or MTO (Middle Temperature Oxide) in a CVD method (Chemical Vapor Deposition).
- TEOS Tetra Ethyl Ortho Silicate
- MTO Middle Temperature Oxide
- a gate (G) is formed on a predetermined portion of the gate insulator 156 , wherein the gate (G) is positioned in an overlap area between the active (A) and the gate insulator 156 .
- the gate (G) may be formed of molybdenum (Mo) or aluminum (Al), and may have a thickness of 3,000 ⁇ . Accordingly, the gate (G) is formed together with the active (A)/source (S)/drain (D) under the circumstance that the gate insulator 156 is interposed therebetween, to thereby form the TFT.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the TFT with a top gate structure, but not necessarily. That is, the TFT may be formed in a bottom gate structure instead of the top gate structure.
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B with the relatively low luminance is formed in the area of the green pixel 130 G with the relatively high luminance. That is, the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B which needs to increase the aperture area is formed in the area of the green pixel 130 G which is capable of decreasing the aperture area.
- the interlayer dielectric (ILD) 158 is formed on the gate insulator 156 , to thereby cover the gate (G).
- the interlayer dielectric 158 may be formed of SiO 2 or SiNx, wherein the interlayer dielectric 158 may have a thickness of 6,000 ⁇ .
- the interlayer dielectric 158 may be formed in a structure of SiO 2 (3,000 ⁇ )/SiNx (3,000 ⁇ ).
- the first contact 160 In the area of the green pixel 130 G, there is the first contact 160 where the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B is brought into contact with the drain (D).
- the first contact 160 may have a thickness of 6,000 ⁇ or more.
- the first contact 160 may be formed in a sequential deposition structure of molybdenum (Mo)/aluminum (Al)/molybdenum (Mo).
- the bridge pattern 162 is formed on the interlayer dielectric 158 .
- the bridge pattern 162 crosses the green pixel 130 G and blue pixel 130 B.
- One side of the bridge pattern 162 is connected with the first contact 160 of the green pixel 130 G, and the other side of the bridge pattern 162 is connected with the blue pixel electrode 180 B formed in the area of the blue pixel 130 B.
- the first passivation layer (PAS 1 ) 164 is formed on the interlayer dielectric 158 , wherein the first passivation layer 164 covers the first contact 160 .
- the first passivation layer 164 may be formed of photo acryl, and may have a thickness of 3 ⁇ m.
- the common electrode (Vcom electrode) 170 is formed on the interlayer dielectric 158 in an aperture area.
- the common electrode 170 may be formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), or ITZO (Indium Tin Zinc Oxide), and the common electrode 170 may have a thickness of 500 ⁇ .
- ITO Indium Tin Oxide
- IZO Indium Zinc Oxide
- ITZO Indium Tin Zinc Oxide
- the pixel electrode on the first passivation layer 164 (PAS 1 ) is formed in a finger shape.
- a green pixel electrode 180 G is formed in the area of the green pixel 130 G
- a blue pixel electrode 180 B is formed in the area of the blue pixel 130 B.
- the pixel electrodes 180 G and 180 B may be formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), or ITZO (Indium Tin Zinc Oxide), and each of the pixel electrodes 180 G and 180 B may have a thickness of 500 ⁇ .
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B formed in the green pixel 130 G is brought into contact with the blue pixel electrode 180 B through the first contact 160 , and bridge pattern 162 .
- the first passivation layer (PAS 1 ) 164 and pixel electrodes 180 G and 180 B may be simultaneously formed by a mask process using a halftone mask (HTM).
- HTM halftone mask
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B formed in the area of the green pixel 130 G may be in contact with the blue pixel electrode 180 B.
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B with the relatively low luminance is shifted to the green pixel 130 G with the relatively high luminance.
- the aperture ratio of the red pixel 130 R is 100%
- the aperture ratio of the green pixel 130 G is 87%
- the aperture ratio of the blue pixel 130 B is increased to 113%.
- the aperture ratio of the unit pixel is increased, and the color coordinates of white color are adjusted.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the switching element of the pixel with the relatively low luminance is shifted to the pixel with the relatively high luminance.
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B whose luminance is relatively lower than that of the green pixel 130 G is shifted to the area of the green pixel 130 G with the relatively high luminance.
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B which needs to increase the aperture area may be formed in the area of the green pixel 130 G.
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B When the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B is formed in the area of the green pixel 130 G, the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B may be positioned at, for example, a corner region of the green pixel area adjacent to a crossing of the gate lines 110 and the data lines 120 diagonally to the switching element 140 G of the green pixel 130 G.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the switching element of the pixel with the relatively low luminance is shifted to the pixel with the relatively high luminance.
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B whose luminance is relatively lower than that of the green pixel 130 G is shifted to the area of the green pixel 130 G with the relatively high luminance.
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B which needs to increase the aperture area may be formed in the area of the green pixel 130 G.
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B When the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B is formed in the area of the green pixel 130 G, the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B may be positioned at, for example, a corner region of the green pixel area adjacent to a crossing of the gate lines 110 and the data lines 120 in the same vertical line (for example, along the extending direction of the data line) with the switching element 140 G of the green pixel 130 G.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- a predetermined portion of the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B whose luminance is relatively lower than that of the green pixel 130 G is shifted to the area of the green pixel 130 G with the relatively high luminance.
- the predetermined portion of the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B which needs to increase the aperture area may be formed in the area of the green pixel 130 G.
- the half of the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B may be formed at a corner region of the blue pixel area adjacent to a crossing of the gate lines 110 and the data lines 120 in the area of the blue pixel 130 B, and the other half thereof may be formed at a corner region of the green pixel area adjacent to the same crossing of the gate lines 110 and the data lines 120 in the area of the green pixel 130 G.
- the predetermined portion of the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B formed in the green pixel 130 G may be positioned in the same horizontal line (for example, along the extending direction of the gate line) with the switching element 140 G of the green pixel 130 G.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the switching elements of the pixels with the relatively low luminance are shifted to the pixel with the relatively high luminance.
- the switching elements 140 R and 140 B of the red pixel 130 R and blue pixel 130 B whose luminance is relatively lower than that of the green pixel 130 G are shifted to the area of the green pixel 130 G with the relatively high luminance.
- the switching elements 140 R and 140 B of the red pixel 130 R and blue pixel 130 B which need to increase the aperture area may be formed in the area of the green pixel 130 G.
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B When the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B is formed in the area of the green pixel 130 G, the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B may be positioned at, for example, a corner region of the green pixel area adjacent to a crossing of the gate lines 110 and the data lines 120 in the same horizontal line (for example, along the extending direction of the gate line) with the switching element 140 G of the green pixel 130 G.
- the switching element 140 R of the red pixel 130 R when the switching element 140 R of the red pixel 130 R is formed in the area of the green pixel 130 G, the switching element 140 R of the red pixel 130 R may be positioned at, for example, another corner region of the green pixel area adjacent to another crossing of the gate lines 110 and the data lines 120 in the same vertical line (for example, along the extending direction of the data line) with the switching element 140 G of the green pixel 130 G.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the switching elements of the pixels with the relatively low luminance are shifted to the pixel with the relatively high luminance.
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B whose luminance is relatively lower than that of the green pixel 130 G may be shifted to the area of the green pixel 130 G with the relatively high luminance.
- a predetermined portion of the switching element 140 R of the red pixel 130 R whose luminance is relatively lower than that of the green pixel 130 G may be shifted to the area of the green pixel 130 G with the relatively high luminance.
- the entire switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B and the predetermined portion of the switching element 140 R of the red pixel 130 R, which need to increase the aperture area, may be formed in the area of the green pixel 130 G.
- the switching element 140 B of the blue pixel 130 B may be positioned at, for example, a corner region of the green pixel area adjacent to a crossing of the gate lines 110 and the data lines 120 in the same horizontal line (for example, along the extending direction of the gate line) with the switching element 140 G of the green pixel 130 G
- the predetermined portion of the switching element 140 R of the red pixel 130 R may be positioned at, for example, another corner region of the green pixel area adjacent to another crossing of the gate lines 110 and the data lines 120 in the same vertical line (for example, along the extending direction of the data line) with the switching element 140 G of the green pixel 130 G.
- the red pixel 130 R, green pixel 130 G, and blue pixel 130 B have the same breadth (X) and length (Y), in other words, the red pixel 130 R, green pixel 130 G, and blue pixel 130 B may have the same breadths (X), and have the same lengths (Y), but not limited to these.
- the red pixel 130 R, green pixel 130 G, and blue pixel 130 B may have the different breadths (X) and lengths (Y), respectively.
- the red pixel 130 R, green pixel 130 G, and blue pixel 130 B may have different breadths (X), respectively, and/or may have different lengths (Y).
- a switching element of at least one pixel with the relatively low luminance among the RGB pixels may be formed in the area of the pixel with the relatively high luminance; and at least one of the breadths (X) and lengths (Y) of the red pixel 130 R, green pixel 130 G and blue pixel 130 B may be adjusted, to thereby adjust the color coordinates of white color without the decrease of aperture ratio with respect to the unit pixel.
- At least one of the switching elements 140 B and 140 R of the blue pixel 130 B and red pixel 130 R whose luminance is relatively lower than that of the green pixel 130 G may be totally or partially shifted to the green pixel 130 G with the relatively high luminance, to thereby increase the aperture ratio of the unit pixel.
- the above LCD apparatuses improve the transmittance of RGB pixels, and adjust the color coordinates of white color without the decrease of the aperture ratio with respect to the unit pixel.
- At least one of the switching elements 140 B and 140 R of the blue pixel 130 B and red pixel 130 R whose luminance is relatively lower than that of the green pixel 130 G may be totally or partially shifted to the green pixel 130 G with the relatively high luminance, to thereby prevent distortion of the white color.
- FIG. 10 illustrates a contact structure between switching element and pixel electrode by the change of switching element position according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- a switching element 240 B of blue pixel which is shifted to a region of green pixel, may be connected with a pixel electrode 280 B of blue pixel by forming a pixel structure.
- a light shield layer 252 is formed in a predetermined area having a TFT on a glass substrate 150 , and a buffer layer 254 is formed to cover the light shield layer 252 .
- a data line 220 is formed on the buffer layer 254 .
- the green pixel is formed at one side with respect to the data line 220
- the blue pixel is formed at the other side.
- active (A), source (S), and drain (D) of the TFT are formed on the buffer layer 254 , wherein the active (A), source (S), and drain (D) are positioned in an overlap area between the buffer layer 254 and the light shield layer 252 .
- a gate insulator 256 is formed on an entire surface of the buffer layer 254 , to thereby cover the active (A), source (S), and drain (D).
- a gate (G) is formed on a predetermined portion of the gate insulator 256 , wherein the gate (G) is positioned in an overlap area between the active (A) and the gate insulator 256 . Accordingly, the gate (G) is formed together with the active (A)/source (S)/drain (D) under the circumstance that the gate insulator 256 is interposed therebetween, to thereby form the TFT.
- an interlayer dielectric (ILD) 258 is formed on the gate insulator 256 , to thereby cover the gate (G).
- a first contact 260 connected with the drain (D) of the blue pixel switching element 240 B.
- the bridge pattern 262 crosses the green pixel and blue pixel.
- One side of the bridge pattern 262 is connected with the first contact 260 of the green pixel, and the other side of the bridge pattern 262 is connected with the blue pixel electrode 280 B in the blue pixel region. That is, the switching element 240 B of the blue pixel formed in the green pixel is brought into contact with the blue pixel electrode, 280 B through the first contact 260 and bridge pattern 262 .
- the bridge pattern 262 may be formed together with the pixel electrode, and may be formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), or ITZO (Indium Tin Zinc Oxide).
- ITO Indium Tin Oxide
- IZO Indium Zinc Oxide
- ITZO Indium Tin Zinc Oxide
- a first passivation layer (PAS 1 ) 264 is formed on the interlayer dielectric 258 , wherein the first passivation layer 264 covers the first contact 160 .
- a common electrode (Vcom electrode) 270 is formed on the first passivation layer 264 .
- the switching element 240 B of the blue pixel formed in the green pixel region may be brought into contact with the blue pixel electrode 280 B.
- the switching element of red pixel and blue pixel is shifted to the green pixel region, which corresponds to one of the various embodiments of the present invention.
- the switching element of green pixel may be totally or partially shifted to the red pixel region or blue pixel region.
- FIG. 11 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- the LCD apparatus according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention is provided with red pixel 130 R, green pixel 130 G, and blue pixel 130 B whose areas are asymmetrically designed.
- an area of the pixel with relatively low luminance is larger in size than an area of the pixel with relatively high luminance.
- the pixel with relatively low luminance is increased in area size.
- the area size of the pixel with relatively low luminance is increased by an area corresponding to a switching element.
- a partial portion of blue data line 120 B is bent toward the green pixel 130 G, wherein the blue data line 120 B is supplied with a data voltage of the blue pixel 130 B.
- the switching element 140 B of blue pixel 130 B is formed in a space prepared by bending the blue data line 120 B.
- the green pixel 130 G with relatively high luminance is decreased in area size, and the blue pixel 130 B with relatively low luminance is increased in area size.
- the area of blue pixel 130 B is increased by an area corresponding to the switching element 140 B of blue pixel 130 B, whereby transmittance is enhanced by the increase of aperture ratio in the blue pixel 130 B. Also, it is possible to adjust the color coordinates of white color without decreasing the aperture ratio in a unit pixel.
- an LCD apparatus is provided with red pixel 130 R, green pixel 130 G, and blue pixel 130 B, wherein the red pixel 130 R with relatively low luminance is increased in area size.
- the area size of the red pixel 130 R with relatively low luminance is increased by an area corresponding to a switching element 140 R.
- red data line 120 R a partial portion of red data line 120 R is bent toward the green pixel 130 G, wherein the red data line 120 R is supplied with a data voltage of the red pixel 130 R.
- the switching element 140 R of red pixel 130 R is formed in a space prepared by bending the red data line 120 R.
- the green pixel 130 G with relatively high luminance is decreased in area size, and the red pixel 130 R with relatively low luminance is increased in area size.
- the area of red pixel 130 R is increased by an area corresponding to the switching element 140 R of red pixel 130 R, whereby transmittance is enhanced by the increase of aperture ratio in the red pixel 130 R. Also, it is possible to adjust the color coordinates of white color without decreasing the aperture ratio in a unit pixel.
- a partial portion of blue data line 120 B supplied with a data voltage of blue pixel 130 B may be bent toward the green pixel 130 G
- a partial portion of red data line 120 R supplied with a data voltage of red pixel 130 R may be bent toward the green pixel 130 G.
- the green pixel 130 G with relatively high luminance may be decreased in area size, and the red pixel 130 R and blue pixel 130 B with relatively low luminance may be increased in area size.
- data lines 120 although not shown, there may be provided another embodiment accomplished by bending a partial portion of green data line 120 G supplied with a data voltage of green pixel 130 R toward the red pixel 130 R or blue pixel 130 B.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- a partial portion of green data line 120 G is bent toward the red pixel 130 R, wherein the green data line 120 G is supplied with a data voltage of the green pixel 130 G.
- a partial portion of green data line 120 G may be bent toward the blue pixel 130 B, wherein the green data line 120 G is supplied with a data voltage of the green pixel 130 G.
- the area of green pixel 130 G is increased by an area corresponding to a switching element 140 G of green pixel 130 G.
- the switching element 140 G of green pixel 130 G is formed in a space prepared by bending the green data line 120 G.
- the area of green pixel 130 G is increased by an area corresponding to the switching element 140 G of green pixel 130 G, whereby transmittance is enhanced by the increase of aperture ratio in the green pixel 130 G. Also, it is possible to adjust the color coordinates of white color without decreasing the aperture ratio in a unit pixel.
- FIG. 14 illustrates a pixel structure of an LCD apparatus according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- a partial portion of green data line 120 G is bent toward the red pixel 130 R, wherein the green data line 120 G is supplied with a data voltage of the green pixel 130 G. In this case, it is possible to adjust a space prepared by bending the green data line 120 G.
- a partial portion of a switching element 140 G of the green pixel 130 G is formed in the space prepared by bending the green data line 120 G, and the remaining portions of the switching element 140 G of the green pixel 130 G are formed in the area of green pixel 130 G.
- a partial portion of green data line 120 G may be bent toward the blue pixel 130 B, wherein the green data line 120 G is supplied with a data voltage of the green pixel 130 G.
- the area of green pixel 130 G is increased, whereby transmittance is enhanced by the increase of aperture ratio in the green pixel 130 G. Also, it is possible to adjust the color coordinates of white color without decreasing the aperture ratio in a unit pixel.
Abstract
Description
TABLE 1 | ||||
Color | ||||
coordinates | Transmittance | Transmittance | ||
of white | of pixel | of the unit pixel |
color (X, Y) | R | G | B | comparison | ||
Reference | 0.318, 0.348 | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% |
The related art | 0.310, 0.320 | 90% | 78% | 100% | 82.0% |
The present | 0.310, 0.320 | 100% | 87% | 113% | 91.5% |
invention | (11.6% | ||||
improved) | |||||
Claims (19)
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KR20120059550A KR101490467B1 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2012-06-04 | Liquid crystal display device |
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US8913093B2 true US8913093B2 (en) | 2014-12-16 |
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US20220028934A1 (en) * | 2021-05-04 | 2022-01-27 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Display device |
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US20120287645A1 (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2012-11-15 | Junhwan Ju | Display apparatus |
CN104122694A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2014-10-29 | 深超光电(深圳)有限公司 | Array substrate of liquid crystal display and manufacturing method of array substrate |
CN103474437B (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2015-11-18 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of array base palte and preparation method thereof and display unit |
JP6220628B2 (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2017-10-25 | 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイ | Display device |
JP6369799B2 (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2018-08-08 | Tianma Japan株式会社 | Pixel array, electro-optical device, and electric apparatus |
CN104252071B (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2017-10-17 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Liquid crystal display panel and its array base palte |
CN106940503B (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2020-04-24 | 群创光电股份有限公司 | Display device |
KR102523971B1 (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2023-04-21 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Display device and manufacturing method the same |
CN106200150A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Display panels and liquid crystal indicator |
JP7050460B2 (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2022-04-08 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | Display device |
WO2018120314A1 (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-05 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Display panel and array substrate thereof |
CN106873277B (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2019-11-08 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | RGBW display panel |
US10347664B2 (en) | 2017-04-12 | 2019-07-09 | Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. | RGBW display panel |
KR102470901B1 (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2022-11-24 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Liquid crystal display device |
CN110928024B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2021-07-23 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
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