US888707A - Incandescent vapor-burner. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED MAY 26, 190s. J.-c. EBINRITZ & J. w. MQGUEN. INGANDBSGBNT VAPOR BURNER.

No.v 888,707.

APPLICATION FILED4 NOV. 20, 19v07.

S S M n W 1H: Nanms PETERS co.. WASHING-row, D. c

f1 `PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN O. HEINRITZ AND JAMES W. MCCUEN, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNORS OF ONE- THIRD TO RICHARD H. JOHNS,

OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. l

INCANDESCENT VAPOR-B URNER.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented May 26, 1908.

Application filed November 20, 1907. Serial No. 403,008.

T 0 all 'whom it 'may concern.'

Be it known that we, JOI-IN O. HEINRITZ and JAMES W7. .MCOUEN, citizens of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Incandescent Vapor-Burners, and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

In a patent granted to us rApril 9, v1901, and numbered 671,884 for incandescent vaor burner, the gas generator body is formed 1n a solid head the upper portion of which is heated by supplemental burners opening outside at the top of said generator and supplied with the combustible vapor by ducts formed therein and which are supplied by perforations in the mixing tube by communicating with the ducts. But in using the burner the perforations in the mixing tube and the communicating ducts become iilled with a gummy product the result of the vaporization of the oil in the ducts, and as a result the supplemental burners failed to` be supplied and to provide the necessary heat to maintain the generation of the gas from the liquid hydrocarbon to supply the burner. Another objection was the insul'licient capacity of the burner chamber to supply the proper volume of combustible vapor to the burner by reason of the extension of the mixing tube to the top of the solid burner head. Another objection was taking the vapor direct from the mixing tube to supply the ducts for the exterior supplemental burners because the air and gas was not suiliciently mixed in the tube to supply the required quantity to give the required heat to the supplemental burners and for these reasons the burner failed to give satisfaction in use. The distance the hydrocarbon iluid had to travel through the generator in its passage to be reduced to vapor was also found to be objectionable because it tended to the deposits of carbon in the ducts and because the generator could not be maintained at a uniform heat.

Our present improvement is directed to a construction whereby the above noted objections are avoided and in the claim apduct in the generator.

pended hereto we will point out the precise construction which constitutes our improvement in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which;-

v Figure 1 is a vertical section of an incandescent vapor lamp embodying our improvement and showing the oil inlet tube. Fig. 2 is a like section taken through the vapor supply pipe. Fig. 3 is a side view showing the fluid receiving duct and the vapor delivering Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line Ji-4 of Fig. 3 showing the supplemental external jet burners 13 in the generator head` Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of the generator on the line 5 5 of Fig. 3 showing the supplemental external jet burners 14 in the walls of the burner so as to direct the gas jet downward upon the head of the generator. Fig. 6 is a vertical section ot the burner showing the downward et burners. Fig. 7 is a like section showing the upward jet burners.

A body comprises the burner and the generator and has a central bottom opening within which is secured the upper end of a mixing tube 1, and from which it depends, while the burner 2, is integral with the body and has the usual foraminous cap 3. The generator instead of being solid forms a large space 4, into which the mixing tube opens,` and which is extended to the burner cap, the object of which is to receive the partially mixed air and gas from the mixing tube and complete the mixture in a large volume toV give not only a bett-er supply to the burner, but a richer mixture than can .be formed in the mixing tube, because the volume the mixing space contains will form a reserve supply for the burner and give a more steady light than can be obtained from the mixing tube only.

The vapor supply pipe 5, is secured to and depends from the bottom of the generator at one side of the mixing tube and terminates below the open end thereof in a bend 6, which is provided with the usual vapor nozzle 7, and adjustable needle-valve S, centrally in vertical alinement with the mixing tube to regulate the flow of the vapor from the generator into the mixing tube. For this purpose the open end of the mixing tube terminates a short distance above the needle-valve so that the vapor issuing therefrom under the pressure caused by the vaporization of the oil in the generator, will, in being injected into the mixing tube, carry with it free air which is mixed with the gas in their passage up through the tube. -An oil supply pipe 9,

leads from an elevated reservoir (not shown) and enters the generator in communication with a duct 10, which, rising to the top of the generator, passes by an angle part and connects with a duct 11, which passes down and terminates in the upper open end of the vapor supply-pipe. In this course of the oil it is vaporized by the heat of the generator and is caused by pressure produced by such vaporization, to be forced down the vapor supply-pipe and ejected therefrom into the mixing tube` These oil supply and vapor connections are grouped so as to produce the quickest and best effect in the generator head under heat applied externally by a torch, for generating gas within the ducts; and it also gives the advantage of causing the generator partof the head to maintain a uniform degree of heat and a comparatively short flow of the oil to effect its vaporization. This is a matter of much importance in using the lamp for street lighting in the winter months. The outer walls of the burner chamber has a circumferential rim 12, which overhangs the top of the generator head, at the top of which beneath the rim, are formed jet openings 13, which open into the-top of the large mixing space and are supplied therefrom with upward jets of vapor which impinge upon the rim and thereby form a supplemental burner around the burner-chamber for keeping it heated and for causing the heat to rise around t-he outer side of the burner heating the walls of the large vapor containing space and causing the vapor to be highly heated.

For increasing the generating capacity of the vaporizer we provide a second group of jet openings 14, in the walls of the burner chamber so as to pass laterally through the burner wall rim and open at the under side of the circumferential rim and project jets of gas from the burner chamber down upon the head of the generator and when ignited serve to heat the chamber walls of the generator and the chamber walls of the burner, because lthe downward projected jet flamesA striking upon the top abutment of the generator, will be caused to be defiected upward against the burner walls. The importance of this downward jet flame provision is that gas is supplied direct from the burner chami: er wherein the gas in full volume and under full pressure is caused to pass out of the wall openings laterally without affecting the supply tothe burner, and for this purpose a plurality of openings are made in the burner walls through the external rim. The ducts and the jet openings are made by borings in the walls and plugged at their outer'ends. It

will be noted that the large space formed by the burner and the generator walls supplies the mantle and the external flame jets. It will be understood that the combustible vapor passes through the foraminous cap to the mantle which is mounted upon the burner.

Vapor burners of the character herein described can only be rendered successful in the winter months for street lighting by maintaining the vaporizing body under heat sufficient to generate a continuous supply ofvapor, and for this purpose we have Vfound that the vapor jets openings 14, in the walls of the burner chamber arranged to be ejected downward upon the head of the generator between the upward vapor jet openings 13, in the generator-head, in the effect of their combined heat, give the best results in producing and maintaining a constant heat suf i'iciently high to maintain a flow of the vapor through the vaporizing ducts; and it is the large vapor supply chamber that extends from the end of the mixing tube to the burner cap, that renders possible the supply of these upward and downward external separate groups of jet-flames without impairing the sufficiency of the volume for supplying` the burner. W'hen both groups of the external jets are used the flame from each group impinges upon different parts of the burnerhead and in proportion to the heat produced thereby, will the supply of vapor be pro duced and maintained. As the upward and downward jets are supplied and maintained from the same volume of vapor and under the same pressure, they must be maintained as long as the oil supply continues, and the proximity of both sets of jet-flames conduces to the utilization of their combined heat in maintaining the heat of the generator.

In Fig. 5 is shown the relation of the down'- ward jet opening 14, to the upward jet openings 13, so that the jets from one group will be between the jets of the other group. ln such relation the jets from the lower group of openings will be projected. into and mix with the jets from the upper group of openings; while the circumferential rim of the burner will form an impinging deflector for the upward jets and the top surface of the generator will form an impinging abutment for the downward jets, whereby one group of jets will reinforce the other group, and lform an external unbroken flame with the advantage of increasing the heat of the generator and rendering certain the maintenance of an unbroken flame and the ignition of one group of jets by the other which is the important matter to effect the constant vaporization of the oil by a high heat of the walls of the oil duets. 1n this operation the heat produced by the externally applied torch will take some time to heatthe lower portion of the device so as to vaporize the oil in the supply pipe 5, .and the vapor will pass therefrom under a comparatively light pressure into and through the mixing pipe into the expansion chamber and through and out of the burner.y This upward flow of the vapor will have su'l'licient pressure in the expansion chamber to cause it to pass up through the jet openings 13, and be lighted7 but the vapor in the burner chamber would not at this time have su'l'licient pressure to cause the vapor to be forced out of the perforations 14, in the burner wall rim. As the pressure in the burner chamber however gradually increases until it is approximately equal to that in the expansion chamber the side jet openings 14 would then supply the 7downward jets which lwould be ignited by the upward ets.

The advantage of using the circumferential rim of the burner as the means of supplying the downward jets is, the perforations formed through the rim serves to give the downward direction to the jets outside of the vertical burner wall and upon the head of the vaporizer.

We claim:

In an incandescent vapor burner7 a vapor generator including a burner having vertical walls and a mixing chamber; the walls of the mixing chamber having a group of openings supplying upward external Haine jets g the vertical walls of the burner having a group of openings above said chamber supplying downward external flame jets; both groups names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN C. HEINRITZ. JAMES WV. MCCUEN.

Wvitnesses AUGUSTUS WV. BRADFORD, RICHARD H. JOHNS.

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