US887627A

US887627A - Gas-turbine.

Info

Publication number: US887627A
Application number: US30323706A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lewis A Haines
Original assignee: ARTHUR L WHITE; IRA P CARNES; WILLIAM T AGERTER
Current assignee: IRA P CARNES; ARTHUR L WHITE; WILLIAM T AGERTER
Priority date: 1906-02-27
Filing date: 1906-02-27
Publication date: 1908-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 1925-05-12

Description

No. 887,627. PATENTED MAY 12,1908.

L. A. HAINES.

GAS TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED PEB. 27. 1906.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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' 1 E E f E1 E lf: 'J6 El 'UHW L" B J I U i M5257@ 5666, /zyezz 2(0) TZ/@wak @M/neu wx fw hwg@ No. 887,627. PATENTED MAY 12, 1908. L. A. HAINES".

GAS TURBINE.

APPLICATION PTLED PEB.27. 1906.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2 GAS TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED 11513.27. 190s.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 887,627. PATBNTED MAY12Q1908.

L. A. HAINES.

GAS TURBINE,

APPLICATION P1LBDrBB.27.19o.

5 SHEETS-SHBET 4.

20% zedd PATENTED MAY 12, 1908. L. A. HAIINES.

GAS TURB'IVNE. APPLIOATION FILED HEB. 27. 1906.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

UNITED sTATns PATENT onirica.

LEWIS A. HAINES, OF )'IOUNT VERNON, filllt), SSIUNOR Ol" (.)Nl-IVOURTII 'Hi WILLIAM T. AGERTER, ONE-FOURTH T() `lR-\ I. ('AlivlS, AND ONE-FOURTH T() A lt'llllfl 1,. WHITE,

OF LIMA, OHIO.

GAS-TURBINE.

To all whom fit may concern:

Be it known that I, LEwIs A. HAiNns, a citizen of the United States, residing at Mount Vernon, in the county of Knox and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Im rovements in Gas-Turbines, of which the fol owing is a specification.

This invention relates to a gas turbine, and the primary object of the same is toequalize the end thrust of the turbine shaft by loeating the turbine between two feeding or pressure chambers vfor receiving the energy of the ignited gas, and also by locating the exhaust chamber between the turbines to commonly receive the pressure medium after it has fully completed its work with respect to the turbines.

A further object of the invention is to prevent any of the ignited charges from returning into the pump cylinders and prevent the gas `from the mixing chambers from flowing freelyT into the pumps and to reduce the friction ,of the pumps to a minimum.

A further object of the invention is to fully inelose or incase the working parts, passages, and chambers with a cooling medium or water j aclict means in which a thorough circulation of water is maintained, with obvious advantages in the structural durability ol' the turbine as a whole and increased ell'icieney in the operation of the several movable parts.

A still further object of the invention is to simplify the organization of gas turbines or motors, and increase the power thereof within minimized proportions and reduce the expense of maintenance, render the several parts practically noiseless in their operation, and embody in a complete motor structure a duplex organization practically similar in construction in all its details and whereby corresponding pumps of the two sets on opposite sides of the turbine on the same side ol the shaft and in the same axial plane operate in alternation to compress power fluid and set up a power generating operation with respect to the turbine shaft such that the lattcihwiil have an uniinpeded or regular rotation.

In its broadest sense, the invention embodies a plurality of pump devices having means for supplying gas thereto7 akleeding chamber, 'ignition chambers br tween -the feeding chamber and pump devices, and having communication with both of the latter, a turbine, and automatically operating means Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 27. 1906.

Patented May 12, 1908.

Serial No. 303,231'.

in the ignition chambers for admitting the charge of gas to the latter l'rom the pump devices, slmtting oi'l` communication with the pump devices, and opening`communication ietween the mixing cnamber and the receiving chamber after explosion oi the charge in the said ignition chamber. The gas is admitted from the pumps or pump devices into the ignition chambers when the feeding chamber is sluit oil', and comnnmication between theI ignition ehambcrs and pumps is shut oil' just prior to the explosion in the said ignition chambers and the receiving chamber opened to the ignition chamber subsequent to suoli explosion, so that when the turbine receives or is actuated by the exploded energy or pressure medium in tlul feeding chamber, the pumps and ignition chambers are. con'ipletely eut oll` from the said l'i-eding chamber. '.l`he pumps draw their' supply from the vmixing chamber and the latter is shut out from the pump cylinders just prior to the operatii'in of forcing the charge oll gas into the ignition clmn'ibers, :md when thil explosion takes place in the latter chambers the pumps are cut out from communiratiou therewith as well as the feeding chamber, the said feeding chamber being afterward opened up to the ignition chan'iber, und during a time when th(` pumps are still cut oil l'rom commun' :ation with the ignition clnu'nhers.` ln the drawings, Figure l is :L side elevntion ol' a turbine or motor embodying the l'eatures of the invention and showing a portion of the easing removed. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same. Fig. 3 is an end elevation. Fig. 4 is a section ou the line 4--4-- Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a. detail view of one ol the cams l'or actuating the valve mechanism in the ignitionchamber. Fig. (i is a detail sectional view, particularly showing the discharge vvalve and bushing in detail. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the bottom of oneol' the cylinder heads. Fig. S is a top plan view of one ol' the pump cylinders. Fig. 9 is a detail elevation ol' one ot the feeding chambers.

Similar characters ol' reference are employed to iiulieate corresponding parts in the several views.

l`he numeral l designates a suitable shaft, from which. motion may be transmitted to any suitable mechanism desired to he driven or actuated by the improved turbine or motor. lhe turbine or motor is or duplex construction, or has operating with the Shaft 1 two"scts on opposite sides of the turbine onv two sets of pumps, mixing chambers, ignition chambers, receiving chambers, and two turbines, and in the following description one set of pumps and relatively cooperating devices, as at A, will be particularly referred to solely, as they are in every respect similar to the remaining set of pumps and cooperating devices B. The corresponding pumps of the the same side of the shaft and in the same axial plane operate in alternation to compress power fluid to give the shaft 1 a regular or steady rotary movement.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 4, 1v nich is a transverse vertical section through thc set A of the pump devices and coperatin elements, a cylinder frame 2 'is shown for giving support and proper assemblage to a plurality of cylinders 3 arranged in radial relation in the said frame and having heads 4. Within the cylinders arc pistons 5 suitably packed and formed with central recesses 6 opening through the inner ends thereof.

Movably attached to the pistons .5 within the recesses 6 are the outer ends of connecting rods 7, one of said rods, as at 7a, havin(r a particular constructin and function difiering from the remaining rods, which will be presently stated. The inner ends of the connecting rods 7 are movably attached to an eccentric strap S, which is arranged in copcrative relation to an eccentric 9 secured on the shaft 1. lhe inner end of the connecting rod 7l is fixed to the eccentric strap 8, as at 10, and serves as a supporting leg as well as a reciprocating connecting rod, and its particular function is to maintain the eccentric strap in proper operative relation with respect .to tlul V-onnecting rods 7, which are movably attached at their inner ends to said strap. The

utilization of the connecting rod 7a as a supporting leg is an essential detail feature of construction, not only by reason of the fact that it performs a double service, but matcrially minimizes the contributory elements of the motor organization in dispensing with additional features to hold the eccentric strap in proper position and to maintain a regularity of movement thereof. As shown in the accompanying drawings, six pumps are employed for indrawing or feeding the gas to the motor, but this number may be modified, and furthermore, instead of eml, lo yin g-an eccentricstrap to actuate the conncctin rods 7 and pistons 5, the well known equivalent therefor consisting of a crank shaft g* be substituted, without in the least modifying the essential features of construction or the operation of the pump devices.

The construction of each cylinder 3 and its head 4 is clearly shown by Figs. 2, 7, Aand 8, and embodies a bore 11 for the piston 5 thereof, a bore 12 for thc; valve' mechanism or device cooperating with the ignition chamber, and elongated water inlets 13 for the cylinder heads. The heads 4 are each formed with a projection 14 over which the lower end of the cylinder 3 is fitted, a continuation of the bore 12 in the body of the cylinder, as at 15, and water inlets 16. The body of each cylinder is surrounded by a cooling or water receiving chamber or cavity, as at 17, Fig. 8, and shown by dotted lines, and the head 4 has a water space 18 in communication with the inlets 16. ln the center of the prpjection 14 a valve seat 19 is formed to receive a valve 20, having an outwardly exg tending stem 21, projecting into a cap 22, which contains a spring 23 surrounding the said stem and operating to draw or close the valve 20 against the seat 19.

Extending outwardly through the sideportion of the head is a gas inlet port 24, which has communication with an annular Amixing chamber 25 'surrounding the end of the motor or turbine, and has a gas supqly pipe 26 communicatinor therewith' and running from any suitable source or supply. rlhis pipe 26 branches in opposite directions and connects with the mixing chambersA at opposite ends of the motor or turbine, and at its intermediate ortion a suitable controlling valve 27 wil be located to regulate the supply of gas in accordance with the speed of the motor and with which .may be used any suitable formof governor, so as to avoid dissipation of the energy or excessive feed at times when the motor does not require a rapid supply, or when, by continued operation, there may be stored in the turbine feeding chambers, which will be more fully hereinafter explained, enough pressure to maintain the requisite or normal speed of the turbine. Each head 4 also has a gas outlet port 2S connnunicating with thc cylimler, including in its organization the said head at one side of thc center or of the position of the valve 20, thc said port 2S also leading into an ignition chamber 29 formed in part and mainly by the cylinder and head construction just explained and provided with a surrounding casing 30, adapted to have electric spark plugs, diagrammatically shown at 31, and which may be of any preferred form to ignite the gas after compression in the ignition chamber. The ignition chambers are similar in number to the pump devices and have. communication with 'the latter. Within each ignition chamber' and coperating with each pump device, is a combined' controlling valve and compression piston en 34 embracing the cam 82.

-cludes a valve stem plunger 33, having an inner bifurcated or slotted end 34 in which is dis osed a roller 35, the bifurcated or slotted On the outer end of the plunger 83 a combined valve and l compression piston 36 is secured` and has inlet and

outlet ports

37 and 38 located in opposite portions thereof, the port 37 being ada ted to coincide with the outletport 28 in t 1e head4 of the adjacent pump cylinder. A suitable casing 39 surrounds this combined valve piston mechanism, and fitted in the inner extremity of said casing is a bushing 40, for holding a spring 41, which engages a shouldered )ortion 42 of the valve stem plunger 33 and tllie inner head 43. This spring 41 operates to throw the valve stem plunger 33 inwardly .to preserve a proper cooperation thereof with the cam 32, and the latter, by its construction, which will be presently specifically described, forces the combined valve and piston 36 outwardly under certain conditions and at proper times.

Surrounding the motor close to the igni-i tion chambers and in communication with the latter, is a feeding chamber 44, which may also be properly termed a pressure chamber, one of these pressure chambers being used with eac'h set of pump devices A and B and the cooperating parts just explained in connection with the set of pump devices A. The form of this feeding or pressure chamber is illustrated in detail by leid. 9, and has, at intervals, a plurality of inlet ports 45, in communication with the discharge ports of the ignition and compression chambers 2Q and adapted to be placed in communication with the latter through the medium of the port 3S of the. combined. valve and piston 36. It will be observed from Fig. 2, that the inlet p ort 45 and discharge port communicating therewith and leading to' the ignition chamber are located a greater distance from the center of the turbine than the discharge port 28 in the head of the pump cylinder, and which establishes communication between the said cylinder and the ignition chamber. This disposition of the ports, as just specified, is to accomplish a communication be- Atween the pump cylinder and the ignition chambers and between the feedingor pressure chamber 44 and the latter chambers at d iil'erent intervals. The inner side or portion of the feeding chamber 44 has suitable outlet ports or egress openings 4G, disposed at augles to the blades or buckets of a turbine 47 secured to the shaft l and having close position witlnrcspect to the said feeding or pressure chamber 44. Each of the turbines, there being two, as shown, is composed of stages, as will be readily understood, the central stage being fixed in the shell 48, and the outer stages revolving around said center stage so that the pressure first strikes the revolving blades or buckets and then impacts through the hub of the tl'irbine.

against the stationary blades or buckets fixed in the casing, and from the latter blades or buckets it is guided to the next revolving stage ol' blades or buckets. The blades or buckets of the several turbine stages will be so shaped and disposed as to beefl'ective in setting up a rotary movement of the shaft 1 'lhe re may be as many stages used in each turbine as the pressure 'may require, so as to use all the energy of gas before it reaches the exhaust chamber 4), wliich is located between the two turbines, and the latter' are hold in opposing positions at the center ofthe motor, as clearly shown in the drawings, and particula'rly by F ig. l, wherein a part of thcturthe gas, after reaching the exhaust chamber 4Q, will have been utilized, there will be no noise attending the discharge of tlu` exhaust gas. Surrouin'ling the feeding or pressure chamber 44 are water spaces 5l and the turbine shell or inclosurc also includes a water jacket 52, both the water spaces 51 and 52 and all the water spaces heretofore described being in communication through the medium of su pplyinlets in one part with respect to the other.

At this point attention is called to Fig. 4 which clearly shows water pockets 53 between thecylinders 3 and having cmmnunication with the inside of the pump frames through the medium of inlets 54 and with the cylinder heads 4 by inlets 55. The pockets 53 are supplied with water through the me dium ol" pipes 56, having communication with the water jacket 57 common to and surrounding the feeding chambers, turbines, and exhaust chambers, and supplied by a suitable top inlet means connminicating with an inlet opening 58. At the lower portions of opposite ends of the motor, and communicating with the water jacket of the mixing chambers 25, 'are outlet'. pipes 5l). The position of the pipes 56, or their relation to the central source of supply, iselearly illustrated by Fig. 1, and it will be ui'rderstood that a con tinuous circulation will be maintained to keep all the parts of' the motor cool, with advantages in the operation thereof and durability of the structure generally.

extent previous to the ignition and explosion thereof. As clearly shown by Figs. 2 and 5, and as heretofore set forth, the edge of the cam 32 is embraced by the inner ends of the entire series of plungeijs 33, and each cam has a large diameter 60, or a portion of the periphery thereof in concentric relation to the shaft, the said portion being precisely one half the circuinrerential Xtent of the cani. At one extremity, this concentric peripheral portion 60 merges into a drop 6l, which is also continuous with the lowest portion of the cam, as at 62, and this lowest portion of the cam, which is also concentric with relation to 'the shaft l, continues into a slight rise 63 running into acurved portion 64, having a greater diameter than the lowest portion of the cam 62, and the said portion 64 likewise continues regularly into a straight ledge 65 ruiming into the terminal of the large concentric ortion of the cam opposite to the location o i the drop 6] The motor is completely enveloped in a shell or inclosurc, and the parts of said shell are connected by suitable bolts, As shown by Fig. 2, the blades or buckets of the turbine are carried by a hub 66 made in two pieces and. held together by through-bolts 67, and other suitable bolts will be employed in connec ting the several chambers as well as the *Jump devices in operative relation. The shaft 1 is also provided with and engages thrust glands 68 to take up end play, and it is proposedto have the inner ends of these glands contact with hard metal rings or wear washers 69 secured on the shaft against shoulders, as at 70, the said hard metal rings or washers 69 revolving with the shaft and obviating wear on the latter by endwise contact therewith of the inner terminals of the glands. .l

lnpperation, the several pump devices have a reciprocating motion imparted to the pistons 5 t rough the-actuation of the con-- necting rods '7 and .7a when the eccentric 9 revolves. rlhe eccentric is so positioned with respect to the pump devices that the several pistons 5 have a regular indrawing and outward forcing operation with res ect to the gas delivered to the mixing cham )ers 25, and each piston on its inward stroke, draws the gas from its mixing chamber 25 y through the 'mlm port 24 by opening the valve 2O inwardly against the resistance of the spring 23 vengaging the stem of said valve. After the iston has reached the inner limit of its stro e, it immediately commences to move outwardly, allowing the valve 2() to close, and at this time the combined valve and piston 36 will be in engagement with the starting point of the enlarged diametrical portion 6() of the cam 32, and the port 37 will coincide with the port 28, thus permitting the, gas from the pump cylinder to be forced into the ignition chamber with which the sanear port 28 communicates, and the said ignition chamber and pum' cylinder remain in communication until t e stem or plun er 33 has passed over the low portion 62 o the cam and rises over the drop 6l on to the highportion or concentric elongated edge 60 oi said cam, which forces the combined valve or piston outwardly and compresses the gas in the ignition chamber, and during this traverse of the cam the port 38 alines with the discharge of the ignition chamber and also with the port 45, but subsequent to theig'nition of the char e of gas in the ignition chamber, and the rol er 34 then traverses the inclined straight edge 65, passes over the vmer ing edge 64, and again moves down to the ow portion 62. Bythis operation, communication. between the ignition chamber and pump cylinder is shut ofi just prior to .the explosion, and communication between the ingition chamber andfeedingchamber 44 takes place immediately subsequent to the eXplosion, ill of the eX loded gas leaving the ignition chamber an passing into the receiving chamber prior to a recommunication of the pump cylinder with the ignition chamber, s that there is no back ressure or frictional resistance to overcome in the pump cylinder, or disturbance of the constancy of pressure within thc'feeding chamber. This operation will be carried on successively with the entire series of umps and in alternation at opposite sid es ofthe motor, and it will be understood that if the pressure beciornes excessive or more gas is supplied to the mixing chambei than need be utilized, the controlling A freely into the central er; aust chamber, and4 by this organization, together with the other features of arrangement heretofore described, theend thrust of the turbine shaft is equal- 12e( The pumps are so arranged as to cause six explosions to each revolution of the eccentric, and this will kee up a continuous pressure in the feeding clliambers and, as before noted,` the number of pumps may be varied in accordance with`the requirements of thev load.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is l. ln a gas turbine, the combination ofa plurality of radially arranged pumps including piston devices, a mixing chamber common to said pumps and having communication therewith, ignition chambers also having communication with the pumps, a feedingr cha mber in communication with the ignition chambers, a turbine with which the feeding chamber has communication, the feeding chamber being between the ignition chambers and the turbine,and automatically operating valve means in the ignition chambers having ports adapted to alternately coincide -with the communicating means between the pumps and the ignition chambers and the latter andfeeding chamber.

2. A gas turbine having a plurality o fradially arranged pumps including piston devices, a mixing chamber having communication with the said pumps, i nition chambers also in communication with t e pumps, afeed: ing chamber communicating with the ignition chambers, a turbine having communication with the feeding chamber, automatically operating valve means `in the ignition chambers for admitting the charge of gas to the latter from the pumps, shutting olf communication with the pumps, and opening communication between t ie ignition chambers and the feeding chamber after explosion of the charge in said lignition chambers, and a single shaft for the pumps, valve means, and turbine.

3. A gas turbine having a plurality of radially arranged pumps, means for su plying gas to said pump devices, a feeding chamber, ignition chambers communicatin with the pumps and disposed between tlgie feeding chamber and the pumps, the ignition chambers also having communication with the l'i-eding chamber, automatically o ,erating inechaiiisin in the ignition chamy ers for alternately o iening communication between the lat ter andthe pump devices and the feeding chamber, a turbine device arranged adj acent to the feeding chamber and communieating with the latter, and a shaft for the turbine having the pumps and the automaticall)r o ierating valve mechanism directly actuated thereby.

4. lii a gas turbine, the combination of a plurality of radially arranged pum s having radially disposed piston devices and)also provided with means for supplying gas thereto, a turbine. shaft around which t ie pumps are disposed, a feeding chamber, ignition chambers between the feeding ch amber and puin s and having communication with both of t ie latter, automatically operating mechanism directly actuated by the said shaft and disposed mainly within the ignition chambers and provided with means for alternately setting up communication between the ignition chambers and pumps and the feeding chamber, the gas being admitted from the pumps into the ignition chambers when the feeding cham-ber is shut ofl' and communication between the ignition chambers and )uinps be-- ing shut olf just prior to the ex )lesion and the feeding `chamber open to tie ignition chambers subsequent to such explosion, and a turbine for operating said shaft and with which the feeding chamber has communication. l

5. In a fras4 turbine havin a plurality of pumps with radially arrange piston devices and provided with means for supplying gas thereto, a shaft around which the said unips are disposed and having the piston evices connected thereto, feeding chambers, a turbine arranged adjacent to and having coinniunicationwith the feedinr chambers and actuating the said shaft, and` ignition chambers inter osed between the feeding chambers and t e puinps and having communication with the latter, the ignition chambers being provided with automaticall o erating mechanism actuated by the said s ia t for admitting the fas thereto from the pum s and shutting off ttlie pumps prior to the expllosion, communication betweenthe ignition chambers and the feeding chambers being opened subsequent to the explosion.

6. In a as turbine, the combination with a shaft, e centrally located turbine means on the shaft for operating the latter, a plurality of radially `arranged pump devices on opposite sides of the turbine means `and having radially arranged piston devices connected to said shaft and provided with a gas feed,

feeding mechanism adjacent to and communicatingwith the oppositesidesof the turbine means, and ignition mechanism inter osed between the feeding mechanism an( the pumps and communicating with the latter and the said feeding mechanism, the ignition mechanism being provided with automatically operating mechanism directly actuated by the said shaft for alternately opening and closing the' same with respect to the pumps and the feeding chambers.

7. In a gas turbine, the combination with a shaft, of turbine devices on the said shaft, a central exhaust chamber between the turbine devices and common to the latter, a plurality of concentrically arranged pumps disposed on opposite sides of the turbine devices and having radially disposed piston means connected to the shaft, feeding chainbers, and ignition chambers inte )osed between the feeding chambers and t e pumps and provided with meansl directly actuated by .the said shaft for automatically opening and closing communication between the said feeding chambers and ignition chambers, the )umps being .irovided with means for supp ying gas to tlie ignition chambers and operating on opposite sides of the turbine to continuously actuate the shaft.

S. rlhe combination with 'a shaft, of a pair of turbines thereon having common exhaust means between them, pump devices arranged on the outer sides of the turbines and operating to supply the latter with a motive agent and having piston means connected to and operating in sets on the same side of the shaft and in the same axial plane in alternation to compress power fluid and rotate the said shaft, and ignition chambers interposed between the pumps and the turbines and having piston devices connected to and Operated by the said shaft and having communication with the said pumps and turbines.

9. The combination .with la shaft, of turbines thereon, an exhaust chamber located 'between the inner portions of the turbines and common to the latter, means for receiving and controlling the explosion of the power fluid, and concentrically arranged pump means disposed in opposite sets in operative relation to the outer portions of the turbines and having piston devices connected to and operated by the said shaft, corresponding umps of the two sets on opposite sides of t ie turbines on thesame side of the shaft and in the same axial plane operating in alternation to compress power fluid and supply the turbines with the same fluid.

10. In a gas turbine, of the class set forth, a plurality of radially arranged pumps having radially disposed piston devices, a shaft common to all of the piston devices of the pumps, ignition chambers communicating with the pumps, a feeding chamber in communication with the ignition chambers, a turbine communicating with the feeding chamber, means in the ignition chambers for automatically .controlling communication between the same and the pumps and the feeding chamber, and a water jacket enveloping all of the said parts and having an inlet at the upper portion of the turbine and an outlet at one end.

11, In a gas turbine, the combination of a plurality of radiallyY arranged pumps for maintaining a supply of gas, the pumps being provided with pistons having oscillating piston rods connected thereto, a shaft around which the pumps are arranged and carrying operating means for the piston rods, one of the iston rods-being in the form of a holding eg which is fixed at one extremity to said. o erating means, mixing chambers for supp ying a motive agent to the said pumps, ignition chambers comniunicating with the pumps, and a turbine on the shaft receivirlgr the motive agent from the ignition chambers, the turbine directly actuating the shaft and through the latter also actuating the said piston rods.

12. The combination with a shaft,-of two turbines thereon, an exhaust cham ber located -between the inner portions of the turbines and common to both of the latter, pressure feeding chambers adjacent to the outer portions of andl having communication with the turbines, means for controlling the supply of the pressure medium to the saidy feedingchambers, and a plurality of concentrically arranged radially disposed pump devices having piston means arranged around and connected to the said shaft for initially regulating the suppl of the pressure medium to the said contro ling means.`

13. The combination with a shaft, of two turbines thereon, an exhaust chamber located between the inner portions of the turbines and common to both of the latter, feeding chambers adjacent to and communicating with the outer portions of the turbines, a plurality of radially arranged pump devices arranged at opposite extremities of the complete device and having piston means connected to the shaft, and ignition chambers between the pump devices and the feeding chambers, the ignition chambers communieating with the pump devices and the feeding chambers alternately at timed intervals.

14. The combination with a shaft, of a turbine thereon, a feeding chamber conimunicating'with the turbine, ignition chambers communicating with the feeding chamber, a combined valve and piston means working in the ignition chambers, and a plurality 0f radially disposed pump devices having piston means connected to the said shaft, the combined valve and piston means Jerking in the ignition chambers being operated by the shaft to alternately open and close communication between said ignition chambers and the pump devicesand the feeding chamber. l

'15, The combination with a shaft, of a turbine thereon, a feeding chamber adjacent to and communicating with the turbine, a

lurality of radially arranged pump devices liaving piston means cooperating with the shaft, ignition chambers having communication with the pump devices and located between the latter and the feeding chamber, and. combined valve and piston means reciproc'atingly mounted in the ignition chambers and having ports therein in different positions for alternate registration with the communicating means between the ignition chambers and the pump devices and the receiving chamber, said valve devices operating to compress the gas in the ignition chainbers prior to the explosion.

16. The combination with aashfft, turbine thereon, a feeding chamber adjacent to and communicating with the turbine, ignition chambers in communication with the feeding chamber, outer mixing chambers, pump devices having cylinders with heads communicating with the ignition chambersand the mixing chambers and also provided with valves, the pump devices being arranged around and having piston means connected to the said shaft, and an exhaust chamber located close to the inner portion of 17. in a gas motor of the class set forth, f

the combination of a plurality of radially arranged pump devices having pistons,

vsame and the feeding chamber and pump devices, the said reciprocating means being directly operated by the shaft carrying the j turbine.

18. The combination with a shaft, of tui'- bines thereon, an exhaust chamber located between the inner portions of the turbines and common to both of the latter, feeding chambers adjacent to and communicating with the outer portions of the turbines, pump devices radially disposed in operative relation to the outer portions of the turbines, ignition chambers 'between the pump devices and feeding chambers, water jackets operatively engaging the pump devices and the chambers and having communication through the entire structure thereof, a connection for supplying water to the jackets located at the upper portions ol' the latter, and means for withdrawing water from the ends of the lower portions of the jacket-s.

1). The combination with a shaft, of turbines thereon, feeding chambers communicating with the outer portions of the turbines, ignition 'chambers having communication with the feeding chambers, an exhaust chamber between the turbines and common to the latter, pump devices comprising cylinders and heads in communication with the ignition chambers, water jaclets between the cylinders of the Vminp devices and continued into the heads, water jacket means operatively engaging the chambers, pipe conduits connecting the water jacliets between the cylinders and the water jacket means engaging the chambers, and means for supplying and relieving the water jacket organil zation.

20. The combination with a shaft, of a turbine thereon, a feeding chamber adjacent to and communicating with the outer portion of the turbine, ignition chambers communicating with the feeding chamber, radially arranged pump devices 'having piston andy valve means and communicating with the ignition chambers, the pistons by their operation automatically controlling the indrawing of the gas and the forcing of the gas into the ignition chambers, and mechanism operatingin the ignition chambers for compressing the gas therein and automatically opening and closing communication be- 21. In a motor of the class set forth, the y combination of turbine devices having an exhaust chain-ber located between the inner portions thereof and common to both, f eedingvchambers adjacent to and communicating with the outer portions of the turbines, a single shaft common to both turbines, and devices cooperating with the feeding chambers arranged around and actuated by the said single shaft for controlling the ignition and supply of pressure medium to the. turbine devices and to prevent the'motive medium at the. time of its ignition from passing into the feeding chambers.

22. The combination with a shaft, of a tui'- bine thereon, ignition chambers, a feeding chamber between the ignition chambers and turbine, the said chambers having communication with each other, means arranged around the shaft for su )plying a motive agent to the ignition cham ers, a cani on the shaft, and reciprocating spring. actuated valve devices radially arranged about the shaft and working vin the ignition chambers to alternately open and close communication between said latter elements, and the feeding chamber and the means for supplying the motive agent, the said valve devices also operating as pistons to com iress the motive agent in the ignition cham ers prior 'to the ignition of said agent.

23. The combination with a shaft, of a turbine thereon, a feeding chamber communicating with the'outer-portion of the turbine, ignition chambers having communication lwith the feeding chamber, means for controlling and delivering a supply of motive agent under pressure to the ignition chambers, and means in the ignition chambers for compressing the motive agent prior to therexplosion thereof, and also for controlling communication between the mea/ns for supplying the motive agent and the ignition chambers, and the latter elements and the feeding chamber, the said compressing and controlhiig means in the ignition chambers and the means for controlling the supply of motive agent under ressure being arranged around ind actuate by the shaft carrying the turine.

1n testimony whereof I have hereunto ,s et

my hand in presence of twesubscribing witnesses.

LEWIS A. HAINES. Witnesses:

' I. W.`GREEN,

H. M. Asii'roN.