US883891A - Turbine-wheel and bucket. - Google Patents

Description

To all whom it may concern:

UNITED lsTATns PTENT OFFICE. 1

WALTER'KISER, OF. BERLIN, GERMANY, AssIoNoR TOGENERAL' ELECTRIC COMPANY, A'

' CORPORATION or NEW YORK.

TUnBxNE-WHEEL AND BUCKET.

- Be .it known that 1, WALTER Kinsha, a citizen of Switzerland, residing at Berlin, Germany, Ahave invented'certain new and useful Improvements in Turbine-Wheels and Buckets, of whichv the following is a specification.

lhe `present invention relates'to turbine I wheels and buckets therefonfand hasfor obiect to improve their construction. y n' the accompanying drawing, which illustrates 'one of the; embodiments of my invention, Figure l is an axial section of 'a art of a wheel 'having two rows of buckets; Fig. 2 is a partial elevation 'of the same ,"Fig. 3 isa plan groove, Fig. 4 is a partial wheelshowing th'e locking or retainin block, l

:as much as "possible, '25- view of a part 'of the Wheel showing the re' cess for inserting the buckets in the retaining cross-sec'tl'n of a and Figs. 5 and 6- are views of s aceb ock's.

1 is provided'wit a riInZ having' well rounded sides so" as' to reduce the amount of stock. and, therefore,l chew-eight. It.' is important'to keep" the4 x artic'ularl'y for h-ig'h s eeds, so as to reduce ti; he rim'is made on two' diameters, the'v por.

tion' of'larger-dlametcr' supportingxthe' buck- 5 ets adjacent' the nozzle 3, and. theportion of 'snrraller diameter supporting the'secondrow of buckets `Which than the iirstto accommodate the yincreased' volume of .motive fluid.` Between the rows of Wheel buckets amore or less'complete row of intermediate buckets 4, mounted on a suitable'support carried by the' casing of the turbine.l I

l' In theA peripheryof l the' wheel-grooves and 6 ofsuitab'l'e" slia e, are' turgnedM to receive 4the bases 1 of the bucket-s. Each groove forms a'double dovetail in cro s-section, and the. base 'Z of eachbucket 8 is Irl-ftClf-l5l? fit nu 'ly into thefgro'ove The free ends of the buckets aitd riveted O ver at their outer ends. l'Itis/to' be noted'that'gthe'walls-11 and 12 oi" the Working passage"between the highpressure buckets diverge' toward` thev exhaust.

ably 'the same, orfsubs'ta'ntially the Vsameat directions.'

his is much superionto the commonly used vvarrim' ement havin the bottom wall extendpara el'to the sh t and ob'- Speeication of Letters Patent.

' Application Bled October 15, 1906.

struction' the motive weight down ecentrifugal strains.

l drical..

are 'conslderably longer ets are provided with cove1js9 which are secured by tenons' 1'0 formedinteg-ral with the divergence of the walls islprefei- 'be driven into .placeE patented p1-i1 7,1908. serial nu. 338,895.

taining the divergence solely by inclinin i* the cover, since .the angle of inclina-tiene `the` revent the rapidly cover was sogre'at as to moving i'lu'id from-proper y filling the bucket space orworking passage. vWith the old coniiuid had a tendency to shoot'v through the space without acting on every art ofthe working faces of the buckets. 'nother 'advantage ld'erived from the construction is,'thatthe external diaineter of the longer or low-pressure bucketsv is not so ared to the highressure buckgreat as com ets as woul be the case 1f t e rim of the wheel were of cylindrical form. By decreas-` diameterof the low-pressurebuckets, thediameter of' the Wheel casing can ing the externa be made. less, struction` the'form resulting in economy. of con- Wh'ere the Wheel casing is made of an unbroken cylind er,"and 'the intermediates slipped axially. into place over" the. low-pressure buckets,q less .space ,between the saidv bucket cover and vthefcasing wall is yrequired 'j with my improved construction thanwhere the expansion in the bucket space 'isall on oneside, and the Wheel .cyl-in- "Owing-tothe shape of the rooves inthe wheel it is necessary 'to 'provi e an arrangement whereby the jA uckets can be inserted;

this is 'shown-,in Fig. 8, 'At a suitable point in'f'the wheeler other support, the groove is enlargegd'to form should be of such length andbreadth that the base of each bucket will 4readily enter it,

and also the space blocks .14 to be located between buckets ,when such The buckets i-are inserted devicesare used. in the recess and thenfinovedfinto the groove position. After a bucket is located, a space block is inserted through the recess into the and sobuntil the groove is .lled I fairly tight in the grooveandto. force theml aroun to. their ultimate; positionfby a, suitable Vstool which enters 'the groove and .enga es thel ase or block, asthe case maybe. .lither the wheel o1; the. tool maybe movable for this purpose. The last. fewl .buckets by. a' hammer. andtsut- '1, may. luse one recess for or two or. more as' desired'. eitherevent 4the first. bucket: .is Set 'about midway, and-theremainder inserted from 'opposite directions. f

able hand tool.' each groove,

InA

to their ultimate oove .ve fdund it convenient tomake the bucket 'bases andspace blocks iit *mdspace lJaloers. may..

- Q esegesi order'to lock'the buckets invylace -and locking @18.0 to'closev the recess, a specie 'mean'si's provided. The side walls 15'of the recessare undercut and intol .the recess and 5' communicating groove is inserted a locking "piece or block 16. Thisblock may be' made.

yand engage' the undercut Vwall 15"'and also thef adjacent buckets. In Fig.: 4 is shown. a 'locking pieee'which I have found to'besatls factory. 'It can, with advantage, be made of I 15 :co per, and 1n its `original shapeit extends j a s ort distance abve the topofthegr'oove and is cut away at the bottom toforni points' which yield when subjected f'to pressuresl When 'hammered or otherwise' expandedgit- 2o .will spread at the bottom and-at the lsaine time expand laterally so asto completely" 4:fill the recess'and c ommunicat l' ralsoengage' adj acent buckets.

' yit. 3v`

groove @mi Il. S0111@ C3868 observe thatlthe 'locking small. ..I..\;

I have shown my mv'ention 'as applied to wheel buckets, but it is ohvious'that it can be`usedf nconnection with stationary or faslintermedia'te buckets as welLt'It; is to b'e understood that inso-far as the 4--bucket-se-j curing means are concernedfthe invention.

' can ybe used in yconnection wi-thVmachines' .having one ro'wof buckets OllWheel'l'r withV 4o' 4drums 'having a Vlare number of' rows.- of

buckets thereon', wit interinodiste buckets between. 4When applied to -Sudhamachine j by- Letters Patent of the United States,'is,'

1; A turbine-wilson j two ortions oneof whic i -it has eat-advantage becailsetheloc" ymeans is located in line with thei'buckets an' s. 0f. thel 45 does" not ro'ect. 'beyon'd the e i l buckets. l vuc being the case, it fo ws that the supportiis not weakened by reason of the l locking means, and further, that the maximum number of 'rows of buckets can be' mounted 5o onse. support of minimum. length.' f In both 'the Whee and drum construction the locki arrangement -reogluires only a veryl sma amount of machme work in addition to the -'bucket-receiving groovesI is simple-in con.-

'55 struction 'and of such Acharac very that workmenlof average skill may bef'mploed. In 'event of injury to `one or more buc row, the locking piece can 'be drilled-out and the buckets removed `one 'after'thefothen 60 including damaged' ones, and new buckets f inserted to take the place of the in'u'red ones,

' and ,the remainder reinserted v and the new .i buckets ill befound4 satisfactory. to;` make the" ,-2'5 locking ieceiiat on thebottom. Itis to be ieee isself-re. f-taining when expandedan 'also that-'itis' lonly subjected to such centrifugalstrains 'asf are occasioned bythe mass of metal of'wliich it.

wo king' ypassae Iso iscomposed, which strainsare comparatively netsina` eventofy thel buckets` remote 'from .the locking piece' beingde ririaged,` 'they may be cut-out an ad- 8 5 ditional recess .ma e

in the manner previously'desbribed. Thxshasthe'great advantage thatbnly'the injured buckets need 'be removed, thereby decreasing, the cost and amount-of labor in.

`i'rolveiLend the vamount of time that the 7g machine is' out' of service.'

.In Fig. 5 is shown-s spscbick suitable' 4for use where' the buckets are lprovidedwith bases that are substantiallyrectan'gular in crosssect1on or .arekirovi' edwith op osed 75 flat faces. In Fig; .-6 1s showna space block suitable'for 'use withbueketshaving bases" that arecurved-ront' andback in accordance with, or substantially in. accordance with the 4cni'rature of the concavean'd' convex facesof- 30 the-buckets. yWhen individual s ace blocks are use d `it, founddesirab eto" make ,they filling conform losel'.y in shae" and size .to saidblocks, so that t e' 'can e este ine plus f www dinde-g .and- 85 whenin. lace, the spacein the groove .betweeli'I lL icliet'si -l double' dovetai-l, but fit .to bundrstood that I can use a single'l dovetail ifesired, or en -a'n other equivalent form,` `-l so far as the bucketlse'cuiingmeans are 'z zoncerned,` the'up er and lewe walls'oflthe 'etwqen the, f .uck'et's' need not diverge.1 other 41'vyords, fthe.'"passage' 95 can be non-expandinginstead-of expanding, I1n aracter. .'-f I firufaccordanee with' the provisionsoffthe patent statutes,- jI have deseribedthe princi j 'ple of operation,v of niyinvention, together 10o with-.the apparatus which I now 'urideXstarid to represent the best embodimentfthereofg' desire to havei'it understood `that 'the alpparatusshown 1s onl'ylillustrative 'and t Invention .can lie-carried. out-byjother '105 mQnS. Y

i -What lclaim as new and desire to secure retaining grooves .both portions; two rows 'of buckets mounted in t i e grooves, space blocks between the buckets, fa loc being mountedon the portion of larger diaineter, the other on'th portion of'sinaller dil ameter, the.Y workin passages between thebuckets in each row 'verging th at the topl 1'20 and tlfbottom'lp facilitate th'e' 'action o the motive' iiuid onlth'e buckets. .l

a y2. A turbine wheelhavin c ,rim comprisingftwo ortions one'of whin isf'larger in diameter t 'anth'e other,` buckelfleceiving and 125 retaining grooves in .both-portions,v two rows of buckets, one row being' mounted in the grooves of the portion of larger diameter," and the second-row inthe'othcr, space blocks between the buckets, alocking piece anchored 1.30

. ieee' f 'anchored' in each groove for holdingp the 1,15 buckets and blocks' one row of said buckets in each groovg'eqfol` holding the bhckets and blocks, and covers for the freefends of the buckets, the covers and' wheel coperating to `form the walls' .of-theworldng passages, the

said covers "and wheel portions diverglng b equal amounts toward the exhaust to facih- `tate the action of? the motive fluid on the working faces of the buckets.

= BIA bucket structure having'a groove v1.0`

therein the walls of which engage with and retain the bucket bases, buckets havln ,bases which are mounted in the groove an are retained by the walls thereof, a recess throuh which thebucket bases are inserted into t e groove, the said recess having an undercut wall, and a bucket-lockingpiece which is inserted in therecess and afterwards expanded to engage said undercut wall.

4. A bucket' :structure having a groove therein the wallsfoff-Which engage with and retain the bucket bases, buckets havin 'bases which are mounted in the groove an are retained by the Walls thereof,A ariecess located in the plane of the buckets and commncatingwith ,said groove through whichi theA buckets` are inserted, and a kicking piece which is inserted in the recess and is located between two adjacent buckets and is eX- panded after being inserted for thev purpose of securing it'and the buckets in place.

5. A bucket structure having a groove therein with a restricted .o ening and an enlargement through Which uckets and space blocks are inserted,l buckets whose ends are first inserted in the groove'throu h the enlargement and then moved circum erentially to place, space blocks between the buckets which are similarly inserted and moved, and

a locking piece which is located in the enlargement and is expanded tohold it in place.

hand this sixth day of. October, 1906.

g V`WALTERIKIESER, g

Witnesses: l

ALEX. F. MACDONALD, VHELEN ORFocRn.

'Q In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my

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