US8816768B2 - Power module for envelope tracking - Google Patents

Power module for envelope tracking Download PDF

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Publication number
US8816768B2
US8816768B2 US13/612,781 US201213612781A US8816768B2 US 8816768 B2 US8816768 B2 US 8816768B2 US 201213612781 A US201213612781 A US 201213612781A US 8816768 B2 US8816768 B2 US 8816768B2
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Prior art keywords
supply voltage
power module
adaptive supply
linear amplifier
signal
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US13/612,781
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US20130271225A1 (en
Inventor
Chun-Yen TSENG
Yen-Hsun Hsu
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MediaTek Inc
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MediaTek Inc
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Priority to US13/612,781 priority Critical patent/US8816768B2/en
Priority to TW101148607A priority patent/TWI497903B/zh
Assigned to MEDIATEK INC. reassignment MEDIATEK INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HSU, YEN-HSUN, TSENG, CHUN-YEN
Priority to CN201310122357.2A priority patent/CN103376811B/zh
Publication of US20130271225A1 publication Critical patent/US20130271225A1/en
Priority to US14/336,137 priority patent/US9071200B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US8816768B2 publication Critical patent/US8816768B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
    • H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
    • H03F1/0205—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
    • H03F1/0211—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers with control of the supply voltage or current
    • H03F1/0216—Continuous control
    • H03F1/0222—Continuous control by using a signal derived from the input signal
    • H03F1/0227—Continuous control by using a signal derived from the input signal using supply converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/102—A non-specified detector of a signal envelope being used in an amplifying circuit

Definitions

  • the disclosure generally relates to a power module, and more particularly, relates to power module for envelope tracking (ET).
  • ET envelope tracking
  • a power amplifier is an important element in a communication system.
  • the communication system supplies the power amplifier with a fixed supply voltage.
  • the fixed supply voltage is much greater than a peak value of an output signal of the power amplifier such that some supply power is wasted.
  • the disclosure is directed to a power module for supplying an adaptive supply voltage to a power amplifier generating an RF signal.
  • the power module comprises a linear amplifier for supplying a first adaptive supply voltage to the power amplifier, and a DC-to-DC (Direct Current to Direct Current) converter, for supplying a second adaptive supply voltage to the linear amplifier.
  • DC-to-DC Direct Current to Direct Current
  • the disclosure is directed to a power module for envelope tracking, comprising: a linear amplifier, having a positive input terminal for receiving a first control signal, a negative input terminal, and an output terminal for outputting a first adaptive supply voltage, wherein the output terminal is fed back to the negative input terminal; and a DC-to-DC (Direct Current to Direct Current) converter, receiving a second control signal, and supplying a second adaptive supply voltage to the linear amplifier according to the second control signal, wherein the first control signal is related to the second control signal.
  • a linear amplifier having a positive input terminal for receiving a first control signal, a negative input terminal, and an output terminal for outputting a first adaptive supply voltage, wherein the output terminal is fed back to the negative input terminal
  • a DC-to-DC (Direct Current to Direct Current) converter receiving a second control signal, and supplying a second adaptive supply voltage to the linear amplifier according to the second control signal, wherein the first control signal is related to the second control signal.
  • DC-to-DC Direct Current to Direct Current
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram for illustrating a power module according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for illustrating a power module according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for illustrating a waveform of a first adaptive supply voltage and a waveform of an RF (Radio Frequency) signal according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 4A is a diagram for illustrating a first method for envelope tracking according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4B is a diagram for illustrating a second method for envelope tracking according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4C is a diagram for illustrating a third method for envelope tracking according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram for illustrating a power module 100 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the power module 100 at least comprises a linear amplifier 110 and a DC-to-DC (Direct Current to Direct Current) converter 120 .
  • the linear amplifier 110 has a positive input terminal for receiving a first control signal SC 1 , a negative input terminal, and an output terminal for outputting a first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 , wherein the output terminal is further fed back to the negative input terminal
  • the linear amplifier 110 is configured to detect a voltage difference between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal, and configured to amplify the voltage difference by a gain factor so as to output the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 at the output terminal.
  • the DC-to-DC converter 120 receives a second control signal SC 2 , and supplies a second adaptive supply voltage VA 2 to the linear amplifier 110 according to the second control signal SC 2 .
  • the first control signal SC 1 is related to the second control signal SC 2 .
  • the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 and the second adaptive supply voltage VA 2 will be described in detail in the following paragraph.
  • the waveform of the first control signal SC 1 is similar to that of the second control signal SC 2 .
  • the linear amplifier 110 can supply the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 to other electronic components, such as a power amplifier (PA), so as to perform envelope tracking and reduce power consumption.
  • PA power amplifier
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for illustrating a power module 200 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the power module 200 may comprise the linear amplifier 110 , the DC-to-DC converter 120 , a mapping circuit 130 , a baseband circuit 140 , a power amplifier 150 , a local oscillator 160 , a mixer 170 , a buck converter 180 , a voltage divider circuit 190 , an inductor L 1 , and a capacitor C 1 .
  • the invention is not limited to the above, and the power module 200 may further comprise other relative communication elements, such as filters and drivers.
  • the baseband circuit 140 generates a baseband signal SB, and transmits the baseband signal SB to the mapping circuit 130 and the mixer 170 , respectively.
  • the power amplifier 150 is coupled through the mixer 170 to the baseband circuit 140 .
  • the linear amplifier 110 supplies the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 to the power amplifier 150 .
  • the local oscillator 160 generates an oscillation signal 51 .
  • the mixer 170 generates a mixing signal S 2 according to the baseband signal SB and the oscillation signal 51 .
  • the power amplifier 150 further amplifies the mixing signal S 2 so as to output an RF (Radio Frequency) signal S 3 .
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • the mapping circuit 130 may be an ET (Envelope Tracking) mapping circuit.
  • the mapping circuit 130 receives the baseband signal SB, and generates the first control signal SC 1 and the second control signal SC 2 according to the baseband signal SB.
  • at least two mapping tables are previously stored in the mapping circuit 130 .
  • the mapping circuit 130 maps the baseband signal SB to the first control signal SC 1 by looking up a first mapping table, and maps the baseband signal SB to the second control signal SC 2 by looking up a second mapping table.
  • the mapping circuit 130 obtains information of I/Q channel magnitude from the baseband signal SB, and uses the information to predict the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 , which is going to be output by the linear amplifier 110 , and the RF signal S 3 , which is going to be output by the power amplifier 150 , and the mapping circuit 130 generates the first control signal SC 1 and the second control signal SC 2 according to the prediction.
  • the second adaptive supply voltage VA 2 substantially tracks the envelope of the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1
  • the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 substantially tracks the envelope of the RF signal S 3 , thereby reducing power consumption of the linear amplifier 110 and the power amplifier 150 .
  • the output terminal of the linear amplifier 110 may be fed back through the voltage divider circuit 190 to the negative input terminal of the linear amplifier 110 .
  • the voltage divider circuit 190 comprises a first resistor R 1 , a second resistor R 2 , and a third resistor R 3 .
  • the first resistor R 1 is coupled between a ground voltage VSS (e.g., 0V) and a node N 1 .
  • the second resistor R 2 is coupled between the node N 1 and the output terminal of the linear amplifier 110 .
  • the third resistor R 3 is coupled between the node N 1 and the negative input terminal of the linear amplifier 110 .
  • the voltage divider circuit 190 is an optional element and may be removed from the power module 200 in other embodiments.
  • the buck converter 180 is coupled to a work voltage VDD.
  • the buck converter 180 has a first input terminal for receiving the first control signal SC 1 , a second input terminal for reading a voltage V or a current I at the output terminal of the linear amplifier 120 , and a buck output terminal coupled to the power amplifier 150 .
  • the buck converter 180 converts the work voltage VDD into a low voltage VL at the buck output terminal according to the received signals at the first input terminal and the second input terminal.
  • the inductor L 1 may be coupled between the buck output terminal and the power amplifier 150 so as to block AC (Alternating Current) components
  • the capacitor C 1 may be coupled between the output terminal of the linear amplifier 110 and the power amplifier 150 so as to block DC (Direct Current) components.
  • the buck converter 180 supplies DC components to the power amplifier 150
  • the linear amplifier 110 supplies AC components to the power amplifier 150 .
  • the buck converter 180 can help improve heat dissipation in the linear amplifier 110 .
  • the buck converter 180 , the inductor L 1 and the capacitor C 1 are optional elements, and they may be removed from the power module 200 in other embodiments.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for illustrating the waveform of the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 and the waveform of the RF signal S 3 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents amplitude (unit: voltage).
  • the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 substantially tracks the envelope of the RF signal S 3 , and the voltage difference between the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 and the RF signal S 3 becomes small. Therefore, the power consumption of the power amplifier 150 can be effectively reduced.
  • the second adaptive supply voltage VA 2 substantially tracks the envelope of the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 , thereby reducing the power consumption of the linear amplifier 110 .
  • FIG. 4A is a diagram for illustrating a first method for envelope tracking according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the RF signal S 3 has a complex waveform, but the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 just has a fixed voltage level which is greater than or equal to the peak value of the RF signal S 3 .
  • the first method is the simplest method for reducing wasted power consumption in the power module. The first method just requires a simple circuit.
  • FIG. 4B is a diagram for illustrating a second method for envelope tracking according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the waveform of the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 comprises a plurality of dynamic slot windows 410 - 1 , 410 - 2 , . . . , and 410 -N, and a combination of the dynamic slot windows 410 - 1 , 410 - 2 , . . . , and 410 -N forms a shape which is similar to the envelope of the RF signal S 3 .
  • the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 roughly tracks the envelope of the RF signal S 3 dynamically.
  • the second method requires a more complex circuit than the first method does.
  • FIG. 4C is a diagram for illustrating a third method for envelope tracking according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 reconstructs the envelope of the RF signal S 3 completely.
  • the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 and the RF signal S 3 have identical waveforms.
  • the third method is the most effective method for saving power in the power module.
  • the third method requires the most complex circuit among the three methods.
  • first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 and the RF signal S 3 may be similar to the relationship between the second adaptive supply voltage VA 2 and the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 .
  • first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 and the RF signal S 3 as shown in FIGS. 4A-4C may be replaced with the second adaptive supply voltage VA 2 and the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 , respectively.
  • the second adaptive supply voltage VA 2 may also tracks the envelope of the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 according to the above three methods.
  • the power modules 100 and 200 may predict the output of the power amplifier 150 and accordingly generate the first adaptive supply voltage VA 1 and the second adaptive supply voltage VA 2 as mentioned above.
  • the DC-to-DC converter 120 is an adaptive voltage generator (AVG).
  • AVG adaptive voltage generator
  • the DC-to-DC converter 120 may be implemented by an inductor-base switching converter or a capacitor-base switching converter.
  • the power module of the invention can supply adaptive supply voltages to the linear amplifier and the power amplifier according to the baseband signal, thereby reducing power consumption of the whole system effectively.
  • the AC supply voltage dominates the efficiency of the power amplifier.
  • the linear amplifier is incorporated into the invention so as to control the AC supply voltage appropriately.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
US13/612,781 2012-04-12 2012-09-12 Power module for envelope tracking Active US8816768B2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/612,781 US8816768B2 (en) 2012-04-12 2012-09-12 Power module for envelope tracking
TW101148607A TWI497903B (zh) 2012-04-12 2012-12-20 功率模組
CN201310122357.2A CN103376811B (zh) 2012-04-12 2013-04-10 功率模块
US14/336,137 US9071200B2 (en) 2012-04-12 2014-07-21 Power module for envelope tracking

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201261623167P 2012-04-12 2012-04-12
US13/612,781 US8816768B2 (en) 2012-04-12 2012-09-12 Power module for envelope tracking

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/336,137 Continuation-In-Part US9071200B2 (en) 2012-04-12 2014-07-21 Power module for envelope tracking

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US20130271225A1 US20130271225A1 (en) 2013-10-17
US8816768B2 true US8816768B2 (en) 2014-08-26

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CN (1) CN103376811B (zh)
TW (1) TWI497903B (zh)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140042999A1 (en) * 2012-08-10 2014-02-13 Texas Instruments Incorporated Switched mode assisted linear regulator with ac coupling with capacitive charge control
US20150155783A1 (en) * 2012-08-10 2015-06-04 Texas Instruments Incorporated Switched mode assisted linear regulator with dynamic buck turn-off using zcd-controlled tub switching
US9473023B2 (en) 2012-08-10 2016-10-18 Texas Instruments Incorporated Switched mode assisted linear regulator with seamless transition between power tracking configurations
US20200127612A1 (en) * 2018-10-19 2020-04-23 Qorvo Us, Inc. Voltage generation circuit and related envelope tracking amplifier apparatus
US10938350B2 (en) 2019-03-13 2021-03-02 Qorvo Us, Inc. Multi-mode envelope tracking target voltage circuit and related apparatus
US10951175B2 (en) 2018-09-04 2021-03-16 Qorvo Us, Inc. Envelope tracking circuit and related power amplifier apparatus
US10992264B2 (en) 2019-03-13 2021-04-27 Qorvo Us, Inc. Envelope tracking circuit and related apparatus
US11038464B2 (en) 2019-05-30 2021-06-15 Qorvo Us, Inc. Envelope tracking amplifier apparatus
US11057012B2 (en) 2018-10-19 2021-07-06 Qorvo Us, Inc. Distributed envelope tracking amplifier circuit and related apparatus
US11088658B2 (en) 2019-03-13 2021-08-10 Qorvo Us, Inc. Envelope tracking amplifier apparatus
US11139780B2 (en) 2019-04-24 2021-10-05 Qorvo Us, Inc. Envelope tracking apparatus
US11146213B2 (en) 2019-01-15 2021-10-12 Qorvo Us, Inc. Multi-radio access technology envelope tracking amplifier apparatus
US11323075B2 (en) 2019-05-30 2022-05-03 Qorvo Us, Inc. Envelope tracking amplifier apparatus
US11431295B2 (en) 2018-10-19 2022-08-30 Qorvo Us, Inc. Multi-voltage generation circuit and related envelope tracking amplifier apparatus
US11567519B2 (en) 2020-09-08 2023-01-31 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Voltage dividing capacitor circuits, supply modulators and wireless communication devices
US11906992B2 (en) 2021-09-16 2024-02-20 Qorvo Us, Inc. Distributed power management circuit

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CN105009449B (zh) * 2013-03-14 2017-08-08 匡坦斯公司 电源
GB2524243A (en) * 2014-03-17 2015-09-23 Ip Access Ltd System and method for controlling a power amplifier
US11581854B2 (en) * 2018-04-26 2023-02-14 Mediatek Inc. Envelope tracking supply modulator topology for wipe-bandwidth radio frequency transmitter
EP3954030A2 (en) * 2019-09-20 2022-02-16 Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd. Low noise power conversion system and method
CN115913147A (zh) * 2022-12-19 2023-04-04 锐石创芯(深圳)科技股份有限公司 一种功率放大器电路、装置及射频前端模组

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US6914487B1 (en) * 2002-04-19 2005-07-05 National Semiconductor Corporation Method and system for providing power management in a radio frequency power amplifier using adaptive envelope tracking
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US8237503B2 (en) * 2008-03-10 2012-08-07 Nxp B.V. Output stage for a digital RF transmitter, method for providing an RF output signal in a digital RF transmitter, and digital RF transmitter
US8030995B2 (en) * 2008-12-25 2011-10-04 Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc. Power circuit used for an amplifier

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150155783A1 (en) * 2012-08-10 2015-06-04 Texas Instruments Incorporated Switched mode assisted linear regulator with dynamic buck turn-off using zcd-controlled tub switching
US9112409B2 (en) * 2012-08-10 2015-08-18 Texas Instruments Incorporated Switched mode assisted linear regulator with dynamic buck turn-off using ZCD-controlled tub switching
US9112413B2 (en) * 2012-08-10 2015-08-18 Texas Instruments Incorporated Switched mode assisted linear regulator with AC coupling with capacitive charge control
US9473023B2 (en) 2012-08-10 2016-10-18 Texas Instruments Incorporated Switched mode assisted linear regulator with seamless transition between power tracking configurations
US20140042999A1 (en) * 2012-08-10 2014-02-13 Texas Instruments Incorporated Switched mode assisted linear regulator with ac coupling with capacitive charge control
US11108363B2 (en) 2018-09-04 2021-08-31 Qorvo Us, Inc. Envelope tracking circuit and related power amplifier apparatus
US11764737B2 (en) 2018-09-04 2023-09-19 Qorvo Us, Inc. Envelope tracking circuit and related power amplifier apparatus
US10951175B2 (en) 2018-09-04 2021-03-16 Qorvo Us, Inc. Envelope tracking circuit and related power amplifier apparatus
US20200127612A1 (en) * 2018-10-19 2020-04-23 Qorvo Us, Inc. Voltage generation circuit and related envelope tracking amplifier apparatus
US10903796B2 (en) * 2018-10-19 2021-01-26 Qorvo Us, Inc. Voltage generation circuit and related envelope tracking amplifier apparatus
US11431295B2 (en) 2018-10-19 2022-08-30 Qorvo Us, Inc. Multi-voltage generation circuit and related envelope tracking amplifier apparatus
US11057012B2 (en) 2018-10-19 2021-07-06 Qorvo Us, Inc. Distributed envelope tracking amplifier circuit and related apparatus
US11146213B2 (en) 2019-01-15 2021-10-12 Qorvo Us, Inc. Multi-radio access technology envelope tracking amplifier apparatus
US11088658B2 (en) 2019-03-13 2021-08-10 Qorvo Us, Inc. Envelope tracking amplifier apparatus
US10992264B2 (en) 2019-03-13 2021-04-27 Qorvo Us, Inc. Envelope tracking circuit and related apparatus
US10938350B2 (en) 2019-03-13 2021-03-02 Qorvo Us, Inc. Multi-mode envelope tracking target voltage circuit and related apparatus
US11139780B2 (en) 2019-04-24 2021-10-05 Qorvo Us, Inc. Envelope tracking apparatus
US11038464B2 (en) 2019-05-30 2021-06-15 Qorvo Us, Inc. Envelope tracking amplifier apparatus
US11323075B2 (en) 2019-05-30 2022-05-03 Qorvo Us, Inc. Envelope tracking amplifier apparatus
US11567519B2 (en) 2020-09-08 2023-01-31 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Voltage dividing capacitor circuits, supply modulators and wireless communication devices
US11906992B2 (en) 2021-09-16 2024-02-20 Qorvo Us, Inc. Distributed power management circuit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103376811A (zh) 2013-10-30
US20130271225A1 (en) 2013-10-17
CN103376811B (zh) 2015-11-11
TW201342795A (zh) 2013-10-16
TWI497903B (zh) 2015-08-21

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