US88082A - Silas c - Google Patents

Description

der* l ditemi tant' atwt SILASy C. SALISBURY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

Letters Patent No. 88,082, dated March 23, 1869.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern:

-Be it known that I, SILAS G. SALIsBUnY, of the city of New York, in the county of New York, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Reverberatory Furnaces; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof', and of their mode, or manner of operation, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, and making a part of this specification.

The object ofsthis invention is such a construction and arrangement of furnace as will most effectively sccure the most complete consumption ofthe gases and combustible matter contained in the coal or fuel, and produce a more uniform temperature, and at the saine time a more intense heat,l as well as providing the means of desulphurizing the coal, and consuming that separated from the iron, thereby improving its quality.

Figure 1 isa general perspective view of the furnace.

Figure 2 is a vertical section, lengthwise, of g. 1.

Figure 3 is a detached view, with a part broken away, showing the arrangement of the fire, or preparation and combustion-chambers.

Figure 4 is a bottom View of the grate, sliding plate, Sec.

Figure 5 is a detached view of the outer plate of the fire-chamber.

The grate Ais made of considerable depth or thickness, and is formed withc numerous openings, or airpassages, a, so as to admit large quantities of atmospheric air through it to the bottom of the fire, and such air-passages are also distinct, or separate from each other, so aste divide the air thus admitted into numerous and comparatively smallA currents. I prefer'- to make the air-passages in the grate substantially as represented in fig. 4, largest in front, and decreasing toward the back end, and in a line with each other, as such an arrangement permits the grate to be cast in sections, as indicated bythe dotted lines, and thus facilitates placing and removing it.

The furnace, consisting of two chambers, B and C, the former of which is the tire, or preparing-chamber,

and the latter called the combustion-chamber, is con-v structed substantially as follows:

A heavy plate, or piece C, of cast-iron, from 'about half an inch to an inch in thickness, and extending back as far as the depth of the chamber A, forms the side outer walls of such chamber, and also its rear outer,.as seen in fig. 3, such plate also extending upward about as far as the perpendicular sides of such chamber.

0n the inner' sides of such cast plate C, or made a part of it, is placed, at ,regular or suitable intervals, say every two inches, a series of pipes, or half-round tubes b, which are open at the bottom, to freely take in air, and closed at the top, to prevent the air passing through them, but having along their inner sides a vertical series of holes, lor perforations c, to allow the air to pass out from such tubes horizontally.

A section of one of such tubes b, with its open bottonnand closed top, is shown in iig. 2, and a detached view of the same in iig. 5.

Within such cast or iron plate C, and in contact with the inner sides of the air-tubesb, is placed the lirebrick lining D, which makes the inner walls of the fire, or preparation-cliamber A, and which should be from nine to twelve inches in thickness, theinner surface of such lire-brick being iiuted, 0r formed with concave recesses, so as to prevent the fuel packing against the sides of such material.

Through such tire-brick, on every side of the firechamber A, is a series of perforations, or openings d, which correspond in position with, (Jr-.connect with the -perforations c, made in the inner sidesofthe air-tubes b. By means of such air-tubes b, perforated as described, and the correspomling perforatious d, through the fire-brick D, air is continually supplied to the fire, or preparing-chamber A, and enters such chamber in divided jets, on every side of the burning fuel, both at or near the top thereof, and at different points below. Large quantities of air are thus not only constantly supplied to the chamber A, but by such arrangement of perforated tubes d, and perforated tire-brick, in combination with the grate, theair is presented to and distributed through every part of the burning fuel. The air supplied to the chamber A through the tubes b, also becomes highly heated by passing along the heated surface of the iron plate C, and through the fire-brick lining, and the chamber A is thus, in fact, continually supplied with a hot blast; and to assist in heating the air thus supplied, the tubes b may be filled with/ fine gauze cloth, made of asbestos, which, though continually hot, will not be consumed.

To such chamber A there is also admitted, by means of a pipe, e, extending under the mouths of the tubes l), and opening into the same by small perforations, or jet-tubes, and whiclr pipe connects with any suicient source of supply, steam or superheated steam, which becomes decomposed in passing into or on entering such chamber, furnishing additional oxygen and also hydrogen, and thereby assisting to effect a more complete and perfect combustion of the fuel.

By thus supplying the lire, or preparing-chamber 0n every side thereof, and on the top of and at different points in the burning fuel, with divided jets of heated air, and decomposed or decomposing steam, the decarbonization of thc fuel commences, or is carried on from the top and from the outside of the mass of fuel, in:-

stead of principally from the bottom, and at the same time the intense heat penetrates the centre, and conb pletely effects the same results there. tion being thus carried on most actively from the top and sides of the fire, the under surface 4of the gratebars', notwithstanding the great intensity of the re,

The combusi remains quite cool, comparatively. In an ordinary furnace, with a fire of the intensity easily and constantly maintained in my re, or preparing-chamber, the gratebars would be melted or burned out in a very shor time.

The quantity of air and steam supplied to the chamber A, through the tubes b, may be regulated and varied by means of a sliding plate, E, so arranged that by its movement the mouths of such tubes b may b e increased or diminished in size, and the supply of air and steam can be partially or wholly cut o, as desired, and the consumption of fuel can thus be regulated, according to circumstances.

The fire, or preparing-chamber A is wholly arched over and closed, as shown in figs. 2 and 3, with lirebrick, or some material capable of bearing a high heat without injury, and the enclosing wallsand top of such chamber are pierced with numerous holes, or openings f, generally about half an inch in diameter, for the purposes hereafter set forth.

Above such preparing-chamber A is a chamber, B, which I call the combustion-chamber, and communica# tion with such chamber from the chamber A is only by means of or through the holes, or openings f. The carbonio oxides and products of combustion formed in thevinterior, or preparing-chamber A, in passing through such openings f, are divided into numerous small jets, or currents, and enter the combustion-cliamber B at many different angles, and thus are caused to come in more complete and intimate contact with, and are thus more eiectually mixed with the jets, or currents of heated air and steam, which enter such combustion-chamber B, as well as the `fire, or preparing-chamber A.

Such :supplies of air and steam are furnished to the combustion-chamber through the spaces, or openings g, between the iron plate C and the iire-brick D, and

the air-tubes b, (which, as before described', furnished air and steam to the chamber B.) A section of one of such spaces g, open atthe top -to allow the air and steam to pass through it, and into thecombustionchamber B, is shown in fig. 2. As before described, in connection with the fire-chamber A, the air'supplied to the combustion-chamber becomes highly heated in passing thereto, and is, in fact, a continuous hot-air blast.

The steam-jets, supplied to such chamber by the pipe e, become also wholly or to a great degree decomposed, by contact with the highly-heated iron plate C and tire-brick I), and produce hydro-oxygen gases, and thereby increase the quantity of oxygen, and intensify the heat.

carried in through the tubes b and supplied for eombustion. Actual practical tests clearly demonstrate that such use of steam in the chambers A and B adds greatly to the economy produced .or effected by the general combination.

The quantity of air and steam supplied to the combustion-chamber will also be governed and regulated by the sliding plate befoxiedescribed in connection with ,the fire-chamber.

The reverberatory furnace, except as to the particular construction and arrangement, as described, of the preparation and combustion-chambers A and B, is substantially like those in ordinary use. By such construction and arrangement of those chambers, I am enabled to produce a much more intense heat, and thus ren er the action of the furnace more eiective,an'd also secure a more equable temperature, `thereby rendering the action of the furnace more uniform, and producing better results.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In combination with reverberatory furnaces, the application and use of a heating-apparatus, or furnace, having an inner fire, or preparing-chamber, and anouter, or combustion-chamber, constructed and arranged substantially as described, and fitted with air-tubes and spaces between the walls of the fire-chamber, to supply heated air, or air and steam to both such chambers, and having the inner separated from the outer chamber by means of a perforated arch or top, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In combination with areverberatory furnace, having a fire, or heating-apparatus constructed and operating substantially as described, the arrangement of the steam-pipe e, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

SILAS G. SALISBURY. Witnesses:

S. D. LAW', FRED. B. SEARS.

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