US876421A

US876421A - Kiln for coking peat or similar material.

Info

Publication number: US876421A
Application number: US34624306A
Authority: US
Inventors: Martin Ziegler
Original assignee: OBERBAYERISCHE KOKSWERKE und FABRIK CHEMISCHER PRODUKTE AKT GES
Current assignee: Oberbayerische Kokswerke und Fabrik Chemischer Produkte Akt-Gesellschaft; OBERBAYERISCHE KOKSWERKE und FABRIK CHEMISCHER PRODUKTE AKT GES
Priority date: 1906-12-04
Filing date: 1906-12-04
Publication date: 1908-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 1925-01-14

Description

No. 876,421. PATENTED JAN. 14, 1908. M. ZIEGLER. KILN FOR COKING PEAT 0R SIMILAR MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 4. 1906.

2 SHEETS-SEEM 1.

w/vwsssets /NVENTO R- ATTYS PATENTED JAN. 14, 1908.

M. ZIEGLER. KILN FOR COKING PEAT ORSIMILAR- MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED DEC). 4, 1906.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

1 I i lNVEA/T R w/ TN 55 555 (hum ATTYS tween the retorts.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARTIN ZIEGLER, OF BEUERBERG,-GER1\T ANY, ASSIGNOR TO OBERBAYER-ISCHE KOKS- WERKE UND FABRIK CHEMISCHER PRODUKTE AKT.MESELLSOHAFT, OF BEUER-BERG,

GERMANY, A FIRM.

KILN FOR COKING PEAT OR SIMILAR MATERIAL.

Specification of Letters Patent;

Patented Jan. 14, 1908.

Application filed December 4. 1906. Serial No. 346.243.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARTIN ZIEGLER, engineer and manager, subject of the German Emperor, residing at Beuerberg, Upper Bavaria, in the Kingdom of Bavaria, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Kilns for Coking Peat or Similar lllaterial, of which the following is a specification.

The present inventionrelates to an oven which has a plurality of retorts in which peat, lignite orwood can be coked.

Heating chambers or flues are arranged be The retorts are filled from above and their charging openin s are closed by means of devices which are able to be raised and lowered. A hood is arranged over the closing devices, through which the gases which escape from the retorts when lling the same can escape, so that the persons occupied in filling them are not troubled by the gases. Walls whichare preferably arranged in steps one over another may be built in the retorts' according to the present invention, between which walls the charging material goes down and which divide off free chambers in the retort which serve for collecting the gaseousproducts of distillation.

It is preferable that the material to be coked sinks uniformly inside the retorts, as the coking process depends in a certain sense on the manner of withdrawin the coked peat. Likewise it lis necessary that the sides of the retorts are always uniformly heated so that disturbances in the firing plant, or variations inthe admission of the-heating means, can not influencelthe transmission of heat to the retorts. The mode of sucking the gases up from the retort is most intimately connected with the process of coking. It may, for example, happen, in retorts provided with step-like partition walls, that the process is carried out on one side of the retort quicker than on the other.

In accordance with the present invention the conditions of a correct coking process are fulfilled and the defects of known devices are removed.

The uniform emission of the gases from the retort is furthered by the cross-section of the retort being constructed in the center, so that the charge is divided into two sections by the constriction, of which sections each is provided with a chargii'ig and a discharging opening, as well as a special suction pipe. If

' one beside anotherin a row.

Each retort 1S narrowed or constricted 1n the the position where the two-suction conduits unite is situated unequally distant from the openings .of the conduits in the retort, the conduit opening which lies nearest to this place is, in accordance with the present invention, arranged deeper than the opposite conduit opening, in order to equalize the differei'it effects of the tendency of the gases to rise up and of the nesistances in the two suction conduits, so that the same velocity eX- ists in both conduits and an equal quantity of gas is supplied in the sameunit of time.

As the quantity of gas to be generated substantially depends on the mode of firing, the present invention has for its object means for bringing about a uniform firing which makes possible the uniform gasification of the combustible material. These means consist in gratings being arranged in the heating chambers situated between the retorts which .take up the surplus heat of the heating means which are supplied, in order to give off this surplus heat later to the sides of the retort temporarily at times when the supply of the heating means sinks below the normal amount.

In order that the invention may be more clearly understood reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which one embodiment is represented by way of example, and in which Figure 1 is a vertical section through a retort; Fig. 2 is a vertical section through a heating chamber situated between two retorts, and Fig. 3 is a cross-section on two different lines in Fig. 2, i. e the left hand half on the line 'A-A and the right hand half on the line B, B.

Similar letters of reference refer to similar parts in allviews.

The retorts'c are arranged in one block (See. Fig." 3.)

center atl), so that two parts of the retort chamber which are separated one from another by the contraction are formed by means of this constriction. The constriction extends the entire length of the retort chamber, 1'. e. from the'charging openings 0 to the discharging openings 01. Each part of the retort chamber is provided with a charg ing opening 0 and a discharging opening Heating chambers e' are situated between the separate retorts. These heating charm bers are heated either by the combustible gases of a direct fire f or by means of the gas of a gas-generator which is burned in the heating chambers 6 with the admission of air. For the case in which the generator gas'is supplied, the heating chambers e are connected with a gas conduit as through channels y. These channels y may be formed as combustion chambers into which the air for 10 combustion is connected through channels 2. The hot gases to be burned then flow into the heating chambers e.

In accordance with the present invention 2 the supply of the heatin means, and assure a umform process of gasi cation.

In accordance with the present 1nvent1on suction conduits h and h for. the as open in the upper. art of the retort c amber at.

opposite si es. These openings are separated one from another inside the retort chamber by the columns of the charging material, which are bounded in the form of construction of a retort shown in Fig. 1 at two opposite sides by step-like partition walls i which are of inverted frusto conical form placed .one above the other. The suction pipes? and it open together in a wide receptacle k which is connected'th'rough 4 a conduit I with the condensing. device and thesuction device. A stop-valve m is inserted in this conduit Z by means of which valve air can be prevented from entering into theretort through the discharge opemng d when discharging the coked material, the

valve m being so adjusted that the ressure existing'in the retort is he t equa to the pressure of the outer atmosp ere. I In the form. of construction given by way of example shown in Fig. 1 the opening of the suction conduit h is situated lower than the o ening of the suction conduit h situated at t e opposite side of the construction of the ret0rt,-because.the ath of the conduit h up to the place where t 1e gases which are drawn through this conduit combine with the gases sucked through the conduit h is shorter than the length er the suction conduit h, and because the condition is to be fulfilled that 50 equally large quantities of gas are to be con ducted in a unit of time from both sides of the construction ofthe retort: In-the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 gases flow with a greater velocity in the condult h which are developed,

on the left hand side because the emission.

forces in the free chamber at the mouth of the suction conduit h is greater than at the ri ht hand side at the mouth of the conduit For this reason, corresponding to thediiierence of the effective columns of gas at both 7 sides and to the slighter power of emission connected therewith on the right hand side, the velocity at which the ases are admitted into the conduit h will be ess than the vel0c-- ity of admission of the'gases in the conduit h. This difference is a ain equalized by the resistances caused by t e longer path in the conduit it. Thus it is within ones power to produce like conditions "of motion of the means to besup lied in both suction conduits by varying t e position of the openings of the suction conduits at b'otbsides of the columns of the charge.

The charging openingsc of each retort are each adapted to be closed by means of a bell 5 n which is capable of being. raised and low cred. The means for closing each retort. are. arranged under a hood 0 which is connectedwith an outlet pipe which can be closed by a valve '9. Thecharging material is placed in the space situated round the bells a, said space being ti htly closed by a cylinder 1 whiclrfldipswit a fold into-a groove .8 arranged on. the hood 0, said grooves being filledwith water,sand,powdered fire-brick or 5 thelike, and the lower edge of which is sunk into a grooverunni'ng round the charging opening of each retort, said groove being filled with a similar material, in order to tightly close the hood and the charging openings outside. This cylinder rforming a double lock is suspended on suitable lifting apparatu Thejnanner of-working the double lock, of eachretort when'fillin the same is as i'ollows: At first the be is n remain closed, whereas the cylinder-cover r is raised. The space under the hood and roundthe bells a is then filled with the chargin material and the cylinder 1 is lowered until an u per and lower edge dip into the rooves. ereupon the bells nare raised, w ereon the charging a material rolls into the openingc- The gases escaping from the retort escape above through the hood and through the conduit. Avalveg. is arranged in the conduit 1), saidvalv'e serv-v ing the purpose of regulating the draft in the conduit. If an irregular slipping of the ma ter'ial should occur, the defect eanbe easily remedied by opening the valve 9 and the 0 linder r. A tongue-u is arranged between t e dischar' e. openings (1 at the lowerend of the conical y narrowed. part oi the retort. The edge of the, tongue is directed upwards.

The uniform empty-ing of the retort is effect- I25 edbymeansof this tongue in such a way that thecoked material does'not need to be pushed out b means of rods. 'Although have described and shownspecific' means fore-lasing the charging openings '13?) walls in saidretorts rece ing from one another whereby chambers'are formed outside 7 said vWalls communicating with said retorts,

" that the having charging and discharging openings,

suction conduit, and a plurality of conduits connected with thelatter conduit communicating. separately with said chambers at 0 I do not claim such means as any suitable closing means may be substituted for the means shown What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A coke-oven for peat, lignite and wood, comprising in combination a plurality of retorts each vertically constricted in the center and having charging and discharging openings, means adapted to normally close said charging and discharging openings, means for heating said retorts and gas-emission means communicating with said retorts.

2. A coke-oven for peat, lignite and wood, comprising in combination a plurality of retorts each constricted in the center and liaving'charging and discharging openings, means adapted to normally close said char ing and discharging openings, step-like Wal s in said retorts receding from one another, whereby chambers are formed outside said walls and on two sides of the I6bOItSCOI11- municating with said retorts, means for heating said retorts and gas-emission means communicatingseparately with said chambers on each side of the retorts.

3. A cokeoven for peat, lignite and wood, comprising in combination a plurality of retorts each constricted in the center and means adapted to normally close said charging and discharging openings, step-like walls in said retortsreceding from one another whereby chambers are formed outside said walls communicating with said retorts, means for heating said retorts, a gas suction conduit, and a plurality of conduits con nectedwith thelatter conduit communicating separately with said chambers at points situated one higher than the other so that the point of connection situated nearer to the said main conduit is lower thanthe point of connection bpposite the same.

4. A coke-oven for peat, lignite and wood, comprising in combination a plurality of retorts I each constricted vertically in the center and havingl charging and discharging openings, means' adapted to close said 0 arging openings and means adapted to close said discharging o enings, step-like said-retorts being situated side b side whereby heating finesare formed etween the same, fireproof gratings in said fines, means for heatingsaid grates and saidflues, a gas points'situated one higher than the other so- 5. A coke-ovenfor peat, lignite "and wood -,j

oint "of connection situated nearerv i i to the sai'd main conduit is lower than the: 'point of connectionopposite the same.

comprising in combination a plurality of retorts each vertically constricted in the center and having charging and discharging openings, means adapted to normally close said charging openings and means adapted to normally close said discharging openings, step-like walls in said retorts receding from one another whereby'chambers are formed outside said walls communicating with said retorts, means for heating said retorts, a gas suction conduit, a plurality of conduits connected with the latter conduit communieating separately with said chambers at points situated one higher than the other so that the point of connection situated nearer to the said main conduit is lower than the point of connection opposite the same, and a valve in said gas suction pipe, adapted to close the same and to prevent the admission of air into said retorts when said discharge openings are opened.

6. A coke-ovenfor peat, lignite and wood, comprising in combination a plurality of ret-orts each constricted vertically in the center and having charging and discharging openings, means adapted to normally closesaid retorts having grooves round said charging openings, a hoodhaving a groove movable over said charging openings, means adaptedto raise and lower said *hood, a cylinder having a rim at .oneend adapted to engage said groove in said hood, the other end of said cylinder adapted to engage said groove round said charging opening, an upward directed tongue situated between the two discharge openings of a retort, steplike walls insaid retorts receding from one another whereby chambers are forme outside said- Walls communicating with said retorts, said retorts being situated side by side whereby heating lines are formed between the same, fireproof gratings in said flues,

means for heating said fines, a gas suction conduit, a lurality of conduits connected with the atter conduit communicating separately with said chambers at points situated one higher than the other so that the point of connection situated nearer to the said main gas suction conduit is lower than the point of connection'opposite the'same and a valvev in said suction conduit adapted to close the same and to prevent the admission of air into the retorts when said discharge-openingsjare opened, substantially as described:

In'testimoi y whereof I' have signed my p MiiRTiN z EGLER. Witnesses: MATHILDE K. HELD,

LOU'IS D. MUELLER.