US871301A - Magnetic separator. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED NOV. 19, 1907.

A. SGHWARZ.

MAGNETIC SEPARATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED APR.7.1906.

3 SHEETS--SHEET 1.

INVENTOR /fid ATTORNEY I No. 871,301.. I PATENTED NOV. 19, 1907.

' A. SOHWARZ.

MAGNETIC SEPARATOR. APPLICATION FILED APR.7.1906.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR I Wye/M PM ATTORNEY I A.v SGH'WARZ.

PATENTED NOV. 19, 1907 MAGNETIG SEPARATOR. ABPLIOATION FILED APR. 7. 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

l6 imi" 7 j UNITED .s'rn

ALFRED SGHWARZ, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

i maenn'ric snrana'ron.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 19.1907,

To at't whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED SCHWARZ, a

.- subject of the Emperor of Germany, and a resident of the borough of Manhattan, city,

.county, and State of New York, have mvented certain new and useful Improvements in Magnetic Separators, of which the following is a'specification.

' The present invention relates to magnetic separators and in the particular embodiment thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings comprises a table with means for impart ng thereto a series of rapid reciproca tions. The desired separation is effected by a bank of magnets arranged in groups or rows running diagonally across the table or at an angle-to the direction of reciprocations of the table.. By means of a suitable commutator the rows of magnets are successively energized and deenergized. so as to. develop magnetlc holds of force along successive sec-' tions of, the table, the magnetic particles being transported-across the table in a direction substantially transverse to that of the extension of the rows of magnets, while the non magnetic particles are caused to travel along thetable the direction of the rows of magnetsIv Thehankof'magnets may be mounted ofl tiiereci rocating' table or on a stationary frame iinr ependent of the table, the essential feature being the disposition of the magnets relatively to the table to elieet the separation of the magnetic from the nonmagnetic particles in the -manner above stated. 'll'ie'magnets may be divided into as many rows as desired, and I prefer to make the magnets of each row of progressively increasing strength as will be described more fully hereafter; i I

In the 'aceomp'an-yu'ig drawings Figure 1. 1s

atop view of one formof separator embodycured to a' stationarv frame; Fig.- :.'a central" log my invention showing the magnc-ts'se longitudinal vertical section on the plane of the line 2 -2 ofliig. 1; Fig 2. a top view of a separator showing the magnets secured to the table? Fig. 4 a vertical section on the plane ofthe hnc 44 cf Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 a diagrammatic view 'of'the magnetic circuits tfd the manner of winding the magnets.

'ai'Similar rclcrence numerals indicate similar parts in the several views.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 and .2 the numcral'ldesignates a table mounted on plvotally supported links 2, the said table being r'cciprocated in a horizontal direction l ,bin.

by a crank or eccentric 3 on the shaft 4, the

any convenient means.

latter being driven b walls 5 and 6 of the ta- Between the vertica any desired angle; Above the rifiie 7 is a hopper 12 through which the material to be separated is fed.

The separation of the magnetic particles is effected by a bank of electromagnets which may be mounted upon astationary frame or aframe secured to the reciprocating table. The former construction is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 in which the numerals 13 desi nate the uprights of a framesecured to the iloor, these uprights being connected by cross pieces 14 to which are secured slats or bars 15 running parallel with. the rifiles and substantially over the vertical walls 16 .of the rifiles. .Secured t0 the slats 15 are fields, and so that when the magnetic par-- ticles arelifted from a given rifiie they will be deposited in the nextsucceeding rifile when the corresponding row of magnets is deinergized. F or the purpose of illustration i; have shown the magnets divided into four groupsor rows designated respectively 17, 18, 19- and 20, and eacheoinprising four magnets. It is to be understood. however, that in practice there may be any number of rows and each row may comprise any numher of magnets to eilect the desiredseparation. 'l"hc magnets 20 of the last row are so disposed as to deposit thc magnetic particlos,;;when said magnets are dccnergized. in

riiile" [-1 along which they will begradually carried by the jogging motion of the table to a chute 21 to be deposited in a suitable bin. The ritiies 7, 5, 9 and 10 along which the nonmagnctic particles are caused to travel conncct with a chut 22 wh'ich delivers into a Asshown diagrammatically in Fig. 5 I prei'cr to construct the magnets so-that they shall be of progressively mcrcasmg strength from the front toward the rear of the table. This may be conveniently accomplished by increasing the number of windings about the pole pieces. Thus the first magnet of each illil-of still eater strength to-separate the arrowmay have four turns,

eight turns, the next twelveturns, and so on. .As the hopper 12 discharges the material to be so arated in proximity to the first magnet,

that of thefirst magnet, the particles of less magnetic susceptibility will be separated, and -so on to the next magnet of row 17 which is ticles ,0 least magnetic susceptibility. he 1 corresponding magnets ofthe several rows are correspondingly wound so as to be made effective in the manner above stated.

'20 The m nets are controlled by a commutator 24 vided into sections by insulation 25, the sections corresponding to the total number of rows of magnets and designated respectively-in the order of rotation 17, 18,

- 19' and 20. The commutator 24 is mounted on a shaft and rotated by an suitable means at a speed adapted to the e ective operation ofthe separator, and is preferably so timed relatively to the reciprocations of the table that a given row of magnets will'be deenerjred at the end of each movement ofthe ta- Y le.-' .The advantage of this will be apparent when describing the mode of operation. A stationary brush 26 in contact with the face of the commutator .is-connected to one terminal offthe source of current 27, and the feed 'linei28 connected to the other terminal has branches leading therefrom to the several rows'of magnets as shown inFig. 5. The n ets of each row are grouped in series an each row is connected to a corresponding commutator section, that is magnets 17 to section'17, magnets 18 to sectibn 18' and so on, it resulting therefrom that during a single rotation of the commutator the rows of magnets will be successively energized and that but one row will be energized at a given time.

In Figs. 3 and 4 the construction and relative arrangement of the" parts is the same as that heretofore described except that the slats 15 to which the magnets are secured instead of being carried upon a stationary -frame are attached to cross pieces 23 mount ed on thetable so that the magnets will partairs of the reciprocatory movements of the ta e.

. The method of operation is as follows. The material to be treated is first crushed or ground to any desir'fed mesh and fed to the 80 table through the hvipper l2 falling into rifile 7. The reel ocatio s of the table will cause the materia to spread in a comparatively thin mass over'said riilic in roximity to the first row of magnets 17. W ion said magnets are cuerglfied the magnetic particles will be the next magnet l attracted and remain attached to the poles thereof during their period of magnetization. As soon as-magnets 17 are 'deenergized by the. section 17 of the commutator passing from under brush 20 the attracted particles will be 70 I released. When that occurs the magnetic articles will be deposited in n'flle 8, the parts ing so timed in the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 as to bring said rifile substan-' tially under the magnets 17. In the construction illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 the jogging movement will be suil'ici'ent to throwtlhe released magnetic particles into riflie 8. From rifile 8 the magnetic particles will be attracted when magnets 18 are energized by the contact of section 18 of the commutator with brush 26 and deposited in riilie' 9 when' the magnets 18 are dcnergized: in the-course of the rotation of the commutator. The 4 above described operations are repeated by magnets 19 and 20 as theyare. successively energized and deenergized. When magnets 20 are de'e'nergized the released particles will fall into rifiie ll-and the movement of the table will cause such particles to gradually move toward chute 21 and thence to be deposited in a suitable bin.

The speed of rotation of the commutator and .the intensities of the magnetiefields developed in the rows of magnets success- ,96 sively across the table may be'varied according to the character of material tr eatedaand the thoroughness of the separation;desiredfi l In practice these conditions have'heen so f3.- adjusted that the magnetic swept across the table in rapid y succeeding. wave-like formations. From-given masses";- dcposited in the first rifiie-7 more or less non--- ma netic particles will be mechanicallycabf rie over with the magnetic particles, and-11:05 as such masses are turned over and over dnr-g ing their progress across the table the .non- 1.

magnetic particles will'be setyfree and will- 3 fall into the rifiles along which theyflare-ca a ried by the reciprocations .of; thei 'table to no,

nets and the development of successive fields of force the magnetic particles transported in a directionasubstanfia y transverse. to. that taken by "the non-magnetic particles. The alternate lifting and. fallin of the masses of magnetic particles affou s an opportunity for the release of any inclosed non-magnetic articles so that when a given mass reaches t e last -iifile 11 it will he raetically free of non-ma etic particles. he angle at which the ri es may be dis;

posed may vary,- an angle of 30 degrees 1S0 mamas the center line of the table havin been found in practice to give good resu ts. As the rows of magnets are in substantial alinement with the raffle walls their longitudinal disposition will beat the same angle, but as.

'- above stated, the development of the sucpessive fields of force have the effect of transportingthednag'netic articles in a direction transverse to that of t erifiles. In order to efiect the travel of the nonma netic particles toward the foot of the table it is to be understood that the table will be given a sli ht downward inclination; ,or a so called (Iifi'erential shaking means may be employed.

' In my application, Serial Number 298,97 7, filed February 1, 1-906,- I have described a separator havin -magnets dis osed in rows both above'and below the tab e, and a commutator controlling said magnets in such -manner as to develop fields '0 force in sucoessive rows of the upper magnets alter- Qnately with those of the lower. 'In my applicatio'n, Serial Number 298,978, filed Febirua'ryl1, 1906, I have described the same relative disposition of the magnets, the rifiles on the table, however, beingarranged successively in different horizontal planes,

or in a step-like formation. 1 do not in the present a plication desire to claim any of.

the speei c features claimed in? said prior f p' ications. l 4

" -.Vhat I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is'-:

' tion of atablesubdivided by riflles adapted to prevent transverse gravital fiowofthe material fcd'thereto, electro-magnets above s andhaving their polar faces in proximity to 40 said table, said magnets being d1s osed in inde endent rows, means to feed t e material to e separated in proximity to the first row ofimagnets, means to energize and deenerglze sai d'rows of '-1nagnets successively to separate a given mass of magnetic particles from the non-magnetic and to transport the former from rillle to rilile in response to maga netic attraction, and means to receive the separated masses.

2.. In a magnetic separator the combination of a table subdivided by rifiles adapted to prevent transverse gravital llow of the material fed thereto, elcctromagnets disposed in independentrows above and with their polar befac es in proximityto said table, 'means to feed the material to be separated in proximity to the first row of magnets, means to energizeand deenergize said rows of magnets successively to separate a given mass of magnetic particles from the non-magnetic and to transport the former from ritlie' to rillle in response to magnetic attraction, and

means, to cause the non-magnetic particles -.to travel along-the rifiies.

In a magnetic separatorthe combina tion of atable subdivided by riflles adapted to prevent transverse gravital flow of the materiall fed thereto,- clectromagnet s arranged relatively to said table and disposed in rows running parallel with and above the riifles, means for feeding the material to be separated in proximity to the first-rowof magnets, means 'to energize and deiinergize said rows of magnets successively to separate a given mass of magnetic particlesrfrom thenon-magnetic and-to transport the. former from ril'ile to riflle in response to magnetic attraction, and means to cause 'the non-. magnetic particles to travel along therifiles.

4. In a magnetic separator the combination of a table subdivided byriflles adapted to prevent transverse gravital flow of'the material fed thereto, means -'to reciprocate said table, a stationary frame,"rnagnets secured' to said frame ,and disposed in indeendent rows above the tablefrneans for eeding'the material to be separated in'prox: imity to the first row of magnets, means to energize and 'd eenergize said'rovvs of magnets 9Q successively to'separate a given mass of magnetic particles from the non-magnetic and to transport the former from riflle to rifiieby magnetic attraction, and means to receive the separated masses.

5. In a magnetic separatortlie combinw tion'of a table subdivided by rililes adapted to prevent transverse gravitalflowfof the I 3 material fed thereto, electromagnetslabove 35 1-. In a magnetic separator the comb1na-" and having their polar laces in proximity to saidtable, said magnets being disposed in independent rows and the magnets of each row of progressively increasing strength, means for feeding the material to be separated in proximity to the first row of magnets, mk tlns to energize and deenergize said rows of magnets successively to separate a givenmass of magnetic particles from the non-magnetic .and' to transport the former lrom riflle to means to receive the separated-masses.

6. In a magnetic separator the combination of a table subdivided by adapted to prevent transverse gravltal flow of the material fed thereto, said rililes being arranged in' step-like formation, electromagnets disposed in rows above and with their polar faces in proximity to said table, means for feeding the material to be separated to the uppermost rifile and in proximity to the first row of magnets, means for energizing andidenergizing said rows of magnets successively from the uppermost to the lo'wer-' most to use arate a given mass of magnetic particles om the non-magnetic and to transport the former from tithe to riflle in response to magnetic attraction, and means to receive-the separated masses. I

7. In a magnetic se arator thexcombination of a table subdivi ed by riffles adapted um rifile in response to magnetic attractionfand 110 v to; prevent tl ensirerse gravital. flow-pf the materiel fed thereto, said riffles "being ar-i ranged in step-like forniation, electromagnets disposed in independent rows above 5 and withtheir-poler faces in proximitfy to. the onteiedgesof seidriflies, means for eeding the 'matel iel to be treategltoi the upperinost riflie-and in proximity to the first row 1p ergizm iseld rows of magnets successively .o'fi negnet's means -fqr energizing and denp .frc n} t euppermbsttothe lowermcst teseparate a g ven'mass of magnetic particles from the non-m etic and to transport. the former from ri magnetic attraction, and means for recipro 15 eating the table to cause the n'o nmegneticv particles-to travel alon%said riiflesv In witness whereof ave signed my name to this specification in the presence of two'v subscribing witnesses. V y I ALFREDSCHWARZ.

Witnesses:

Omit A. Fosmn CHARLES S. Jc'im

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