US8664789B2 - Wave-power unit - Google Patents

Wave-power unit Download PDF

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Publication number
US8664789B2
US8664789B2 US13/060,627 US200813060627A US8664789B2 US 8664789 B2 US8664789 B2 US 8664789B2 US 200813060627 A US200813060627 A US 200813060627A US 8664789 B2 US8664789 B2 US 8664789B2
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Prior art keywords
wave
power unit
unit according
hollow body
connection means
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US20110175360A1 (en
Inventor
Mats Leijon
Magnus Stälberg
Andrej Savin
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Seabased Ltd
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Seabased AB
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Assigned to SEABASED LIMITED reassignment SEABASED LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: OCEAN HOLDING ODDEVOLD AB
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1845—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem
    • F03B13/1855—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem where the connection between wom and conversion system takes tension and compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/10—Submerged units incorporating electric generators or motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05B2220/707—Application in combination with an electrical generator of the linear type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/97—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a submerged structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present invention in a first aspect relates to a wave-power unit for the production of electric power which includes a floating body arranged for floating on the sea and an electric linear generator having a stator and a translator reciprocating along a center axis, the stator being arranged to be anchored in the bed of a sea and the translator being connected to the floating body by flexible connection means.
  • the connection means is flexible in the sense that it can be bent, it does not necessarily mean that it is elastic in its longitudinal direction.
  • the invention relates to a use of a such wave-power unit.
  • the invention in a third aspect relates to a method of producing electric power by providing a floating body to float on the sea, providing an electric linear generator having a stator and a reciprocating translator, anchoring the stator in the bed of the sea and connecting the translator to the floating body by flexible connection means.
  • radial refers to the axis defined by the reciprocating movement of center of the translator.
  • the terms “upper” and “lower” refer to the vertical direction and relates to the locations of the components in question when the wave-power unit is in operation.
  • Wave movements in the sea and in large inland lakes constitutes a potential source of energy that has scarcely been exploited so far.
  • various suggestions have been made to use the vertical movements of the sea for producing electrical power in a generator. Since a point on the sea surface makes a reciprocating vertical movement it is suitable to use a linear generator to produce the electric power.
  • WO 03/058055 discloses such a wave-power unit where the moving part of the generator, i.e. the part that corresponds to the rotor in a rotating generator and in the present application called translator, reciprocates in relation to the stator of the generator.
  • the stator is anchored in the sea bed.
  • the translator is by a wire, cable or a chain connected to a body floating on the sea.
  • the floating body is located vertically above the generator on the axis of the translator as illustrated in FIG. 1 of that disclosure.
  • the floating body is exposed also to lateral forces from the waves and from the wind. Therefore the floating body can drift away from that ideal position and will normally be located at a distance therefrom.
  • the wire connecting the translator and the floating body will not be aligned with the axis of the translator. This might cause side forces to the translator resulting in that it will not be centred or/and it becomes inclined, which will disturb the operation of the generator.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above mentioned problem and thus provide a wave-power unit where the generator will operate properly irrespective of the relative lateral position of the floating body.
  • a wave-power unit of the kind introductionally specified includes the specific features that the wave-power unit includes a guiding device, the connection means being arranged to pass through a lower opening and an upper opening of the guiding device, the portion of the connection means momentarily being located between the openings being defined as the guided portion, the lower opening being arranged such that the guided portion adjacent the lower opening is aligned with a center axis and the upper opening being arranged such that the guided portion adjacent the upper opening is allowed to form an angle with the center axis.
  • the guiding device is rigidly connected to a housing of the generator.
  • the guiding device in an easy way will be distinctly located in relation to the stator and thus secure a proper alignment with the translator movements.
  • the guiding device is arranged to allow said angle to be formed in an arbitrary radial plane through said center axis.
  • the guiding means will be flexible in this respect and well adapted to take care of displacements in all directions.
  • the guiding means comprises a hollow body, having said lower and upper openings, the upper opening being larger than the lower opening.
  • the inner surface of the hollow body is rotational symmetric around the central axis.
  • the rotational symmetric surface provides a suitable way of obtaining that the guiding device will be adapted for inclination in any direction.
  • At least an upper part of the profile of the inner surface has a distance to the axis that increases continuously with increasing distance from the lower opening.
  • connecting means repeatingly reciprocates through the guiding device there will occur wear between the connecting means and the guiding device.
  • wear In order to obtain a lifetime of the connecting means as long as possible, preferably for many years, it is very important to minimize this wear.
  • the continuously diverging inner surface of the hollow body will keep the wear at a low level.
  • the upper part of the profile forms an acute angle with the axis, which angle continuously increases with increasing distance from the lower opening and is zero at the lower end of the upper part.
  • connection means By this geometry of the inner surface, the guiding of the connection means to a direction aligned with that of the translator from a direction that is inclined thereto will be made by a surface that is in contact with the guiding device on a considerable part thereof and there will be no sharp edges or sharp changes in the direction of the connection means. All this contribute to further decrease the wear on the connection means.
  • At least a portion of the upper part of the profile is a parabolic or circular function.
  • connection means and the inner surface will be comparatively even along a large part of the contact area. This contributes further to a low wear.
  • the acute angle is in the range of 10-30° at a distance from the lower end of the upper part which distance is at least four times the diameter of the inner surface at the lower end of the upper part.
  • the acute angle is within the range of 17°-24° and the distance is in the range of 5-10 times.
  • a lower part of the profile is parallel with the center axis, which lower part joins the upper part.
  • connection means will be very distinct directed to the direction of the translator movement since it a certain distance will be forced in that direction within the guiding device.
  • the smallest diameter of the inner surface is in the range of 100 to 120% of the width of the connection means.
  • the part having the smallest diameter is intended for forcing the connection means to be in alignment with the translator movement.
  • a certain clearance is desirable in order not to squeeze the connection means and increase the friction. This would lead to friction losses as well as to increased wear.
  • an acceptable compromise of these two aspects is obtained. With the range of 101 to 105% this compromise is probably optimized.
  • the guiding means includes a hollow insert concentrically located within the hollow body and being resiliently mounted to the hollow body, such that at least the upper part of the insert is movable perpendicular to the axis.
  • the insert will be able to tilt relative the hollow body and adapt its orientation to the inclination of the connection means.
  • This provides a softer bending of the connection means and decreases the friction wear. This is particularly favourable when the inclination of the connection means is varying.
  • the hollow body is made of stainless steel.
  • the guiding device will be robust, strong and suitable for the corrosive environment in the sea.
  • the inner surface is polished.
  • the inner surface has a coating.
  • this embodiment offers an alternative way of limiting the wear on the connecting means.
  • the hollow body on its external surface is provided with radially extending flanges.
  • the hollow body on its external surface is provided with a radially extending disc-shaped element, which includes attachment means for attaching the guiding device to the housing of the generator.
  • the guiding device can be attached to the housing in a simple way.
  • the disc-shaped element is axially located approximately in the middle of the axial extension of the hollow body.
  • connection means is coated.
  • connection means can be optimized in respect of low friction and high wear resistance.
  • connection means is a wire and the coating is a carbon based polymer.
  • a wire is normally the most useful kind of connection means due to its flexibility in combination with strength properties.
  • the said type coating is well suited to meet the requirements on low friction and high wear resistance.
  • Preferably the coating is extruded on the wire.
  • connection means on the connection is between the guiding device and the housing thereby will be mainly counterbalanced which results in a secure connection.
  • approximately is meant within a distance from the middle that is ⁇ 15% of the length of the hollow body.
  • the invention also relates to a wave-power plant that comprises a plurality of wave-power units according the present invention.
  • the wave-power unit is used for producing electric energy.
  • the invented method includes the specific measures of guiding the connection means by passing it through a lower and upper opening of a guiding device such that the portion of the connection means momentary being located between said openings being defined as the guided portion, whereby the guided portion adjacent the lower opening is guided to be aligned with the center axis and the guided portion adjacent the upper opening is allowed to form an angle with the center axis.
  • inner surface is ment the inner surface of the hollow body, or in case a hollow insert is provided, the inner surface of the insert.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic section through a wave-power unit according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlargement of a detail of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an alternative example in a section corresponding to that of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a wave-power plant according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a wave-power unit according to the invention in operation in the sea.
  • a floating body 1 floats on the sea surface and is connected by a connection means 3 such as a cable, wire, rope, chain or the like, to a linear generator 2 anchored in the sea bed.
  • the generator is attached to the sea bed. It is, however, to be understood that the generator can be located above the sea bed and be anchored in some other way.
  • the linear generator 2 has a stator 5 with windings and a translator 8 with magnets.
  • the translator 8 is able to reciprocate up and down within the stator 5 , thereby generating current in the stator windings, which current is transferred to an electric network by an electric cable 11 .
  • the translator 6 includes a rod 7 to which the wire 3 is attached.
  • a spring (not shown) or the like acting on the translator 6 can provide an additional downward force.
  • connection means 3 Since the generator 2 is anchored in the sea bed and the floating body 1 floats freely on the water surface, the floating body is free to move laterally in relation to the generator 2 . Thereby the connection means 3 will become inclined.
  • connection means 3 At the entrance of the connection means 3 into the housing 4 of the generator 2 there is provided a guiding device 9 that guides the connection means to move vertically below the guiding device 9 while allowing the connection means 3 that is above the guiding device to move in an inclined position.
  • the guiding to device 9 is attached to a conical frame 8 rigidly connected to the housing 4 of the generator.
  • the guiding device 9 allows the connection means 3 to gradually change its direction when passing through guiding device 9 , such that the wear of the connection means becomes limited.
  • the guiding device is illustrated more in detail in FIG. 2 , which is an axial section therethrough.
  • the guiding device 9 in this example consists of a hollow body 12 that is moulded in one piece.
  • the inner surface of the hollow body 12 is rotationally symmetric around the axis C, which is the same axis as the axis of the reciprocating movement of the center of the translator 6 .
  • the hollow body 12 has a lower opening 17 and an upper opening 18 , through which openings the connection means 3 passes.
  • the profile of the inner surface in an axial section is visible in FIG. 2 .
  • a lower part 13 of this surface is cylindrical and thus has its profile in parallel with the center axis C.
  • An upper part 14 of the inner surface has a continuously increasing diameter, such that the profile of this part forms an acute angle with the center axis. The acute angle increases continuously from the lower end 15 of the upper part 14 , which means that the profile follows a curve. Preferably, a major portion of this curve is parabolic or circular.
  • a small portion 16 of the upper part 14 adjacent the upper opening has a profile where the acute angle increase more rapidly than on the rest of the upper part such that the angle reaches 90° at the upper end.
  • connection means 3 is a rope of plastic, thus being substantially circular.
  • the lower part 13 of the inner surface has a diameter that is slightly larger than the diameter of the rope.
  • the rope moves up and down through the hollow body 12 .
  • the rope normally is inclined between the guiding means 9 and the floating body as illustrated in the figure. Due to the shape of the inner surface of the hollow body 12 , the rope changes its direction when passing therethrough such that it is vertical when passing through the lower opening 17 . From above the rope will come into contact tangentially with the inner surface somewhere on its upper part 14 . The axial location of this contact point depends on how much the rope is inclined. From the contact point the rope will be in contact with the inner surface along its complete extension and continuously change its angle from the contact point down to the location 15 where the lower part 13 and the upper part 14 join each other,
  • the hollow body 12 is made of stainless steel and its inner surface is polished or coated.
  • the hollow body 12 has a radial flange 19 at the lower opening 17 .
  • a corresponding flange 20 is present at the upper opening 18 which flange is naturally formed due to the profile of the inner surface at this end.
  • Further external radial flanges 21 , 22 are located along the hollow body 12 . The flanges reinforce the hollow body.
  • a disc-shaped element 23 having bolt holes 24 for attaching the element 23 to a flange 25 at the upper end of the frame 8 .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an alternative example where a hollow insert 26 is located within the hollow body 12 .
  • the insert 26 has a shape that substantially corresponds to that of the hollow body 12 .
  • the insert is resiliently mounted in the hollow body, e.g. by means of two rubber rings 27 .
  • springs can be used for that purpose.
  • the resiliency can be obtained by making the insert itself resilient, e.g. of resilient material and/or by providing axial slots at the upper and/or lower and of the insert.
  • FIG. 4 in a view from above schematically illustrates a wave-power plant having a plurality of wave-power units of the kind disclosed in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • the generators 2 of these units are ail connected to a submerged switchgear 30 connected to an electric network.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
US13/060,627 2008-08-26 2008-08-26 Wave-power unit Active 2029-10-19 US8664789B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SE2008/050964 WO2010024741A1 (en) 2008-08-26 2008-08-26 A wave-power unit

Publications (2)

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US20110175360A1 US20110175360A1 (en) 2011-07-21
US8664789B2 true US8664789B2 (en) 2014-03-04

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US (1) US8664789B2 (lt)
EP (1) EP2318696B1 (lt)
JP (1) JP2012501403A (lt)
KR (1) KR20110045074A (lt)
CN (1) CN102132033B (lt)
AU (1) AU2008361019B2 (lt)
BR (1) BRPI0823013A2 (lt)
CA (1) CA2734598C (lt)
CY (1) CY1121093T1 (lt)
DK (1) DK2318696T3 (lt)
ES (1) ES2704131T3 (lt)
HR (1) HRP20182123T1 (lt)
LT (1) LT2318696T (lt)
MX (1) MX2011002137A (lt)
PL (1) PL2318696T3 (lt)
PT (1) PT2318696T (lt)
RU (1) RU2478828C2 (lt)
WO (1) WO2010024741A1 (lt)
ZA (1) ZA201101246B (lt)

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LT2577046T (lt) * 2010-05-28 2018-12-27 Seabased Ab Bangų energijos modulis, jo naudojimas ir elektros energijos gamybos būdas
CN102933838B (zh) * 2010-05-28 2016-06-29 西贝斯特公司 具有引导装置的波浪发电单元
ES2855145T3 (es) * 2010-05-28 2021-09-23 Seabased Ab Bastidor de estator para generador lineal sumergido
EP2649302B1 (en) * 2010-12-09 2018-05-30 Seabased AB An electric device and a method for a wave power plant
RU2483417C2 (ru) * 2011-07-15 2013-05-27 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Государственный университет - учебно-научно-производственный комплекс" (ФГОУ ВПО "Госуниверситет-УНПК") Погружной водонаполненный синхронный генератор вертикального исполнения
KR101315201B1 (ko) 2012-03-30 2013-10-07 삼성중공업 주식회사 해양구조물의 계류삭에 구비되는 발전장치 및 이를 포함하는 해양구조물
RU2564478C2 (ru) * 2013-10-25 2015-10-10 Частное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "ЮЖНЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ (ИУБиП)" Инерционный маятниковый генератор
RU2553968C1 (ru) * 2013-12-30 2015-06-20 Владислав Валерьевич Каменский Инерционный генератор
JP5926428B2 (ja) * 2014-08-12 2016-05-25 西浦　信一 発電システム及び発電システム用往復運動機構
WO2016024520A1 (ja) * 2014-08-12 2016-02-18 西風技研株式会社 発電システム及び発電システム用往復運動機構
CN106230226A (zh) * 2016-07-22 2016-12-14 东北师范大学 超低转速潮流能脉冲发电机
CN109723599B (zh) * 2019-01-09 2020-06-30 中国石油大学(华东) 一种可远程控制升降的浮子式波能发电装置
CN110230567B (zh) * 2019-06-25 2020-06-23 浙江大学 捕能机构质量可调的波浪能发电装置及其控制方法
CN112814829B (zh) * 2021-01-25 2022-11-22 中山大学 一种点吸收式波浪能发电装置

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