US864853A - Steam-generator. - Google Patents

Description

No. 864,853. PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1907. C. D. MOSHER.

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLIUATION FILED APE.19, 1905. x

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No. 864,853. PATENTED SEPT. 3, 1907.

G. D. MOSHER.

STEAM GENERATOR. APPLIQATIONIILED APR.19,1905.

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STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR.19,1905.

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GHARLESJD. MQSHER, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

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Specification. of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 3, .1907.

Application filed Apri119,1906. Serial No. 256,4 5L

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES D. Mosrma, acitizen of the United States, residing at New York, int'he county of New York, and Stateof New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Steam-Generators, of which the following-is. a specification.

My invention pertainsto steam generators and has special reference to what is known as water tube boilers, wherein the steam and water drums are connected together by bent-or curved tubes.

The objects ofthe invention are as follows: First, to provide a more convenient manner of removing and renewing the generator tubes. Second, to provide a ready means for cleaning the exterior of all the tubes in the boiler. Third, to provide for a more uniform and eflicient distribution of the heatedgases from the combustion chamber. Fourth, to provide tubular walls along the tube groupings with channels or spaces alongside of such walls. Fifth, to provide-the tubes which constitute these walls with enlarged ends, and

also providing plug holes ofsufficient diameter to re ceive the enlarged ends of said tubes, all of which will now be set forth indetail.

In the drawings Figure 1 isa central vertical cross section 'of the generator. Fig. 2 is aifront view thereof. Fig. 3 is a cross sectionof one set of generating tubes. Fig. 4 is a cross section of a modified form of tube grouping. Fig. 5 is another form of tube grouping, adapted for certain=types of boilers, Fig. 6 detail of the large endof'the-tube. 7 a frontuview, partly in section of a, .three furnace generator, and Fig 8 a cross section of tubing on line 8 of Fig. 7.

My invention provides for the usual form of steam drum 6, and two water drums 7, which drums are connected togetherby two gro hps of generating tubes- 9, said water drums being separated a. sutficient, distance to provide space for the combustion chamber 8.

1 This type of boiler has, therefore, the .two groups of tubes inclined at an angle of about 45and it is, therefore an important problem to so construct the tube spacing and the-conduits for the heated gases, that the greatest amount of heat will be absorbed. To

accomplish the best results I have made numerous experiments, which convince me that it is important under severe forced draft to convey the gases through the generating tubes as great a distance as possible, and in doing so the utmost facility should be provided for readily cleaning the tubes. Furthermore, it is essential that the distribution of the gases through and among the tubes should be assisted so that the heat will be uniformly applied.

To this end my invention herein has special reference to the manner in which I arrange and group my tubes, whereby the gases will enter the tube groupat the rear end of the boiler, and be then directed to the forward end of the boiler, and again returned to'the rear end of the boiler and to the stack, then exposing the inner half of the tubes of each group to the most intense heat; In order to fully under; stand this it will be seen in' Fig. 3, that I form a tubular wall 10, on the inner side of each group, the well being made up of the'first and second rows of tubes, next the combustion chamber, the bodiesof the see- 0nd row of tubes being directly in line and in juxtaposition'with the first row, and the ends of the second row being bent, as shown at 11, Fig. 1,-so that they will enter the staggering holes in the' drums. This tubular wall extends back only about three-fourths of the length of the fire box, leaving openings as at 12, through the staggered tubes for the gases topass in. The outer rows of tubes as at 13, are treated in a' sim lar manner, so as to forms. tubular wall, the bodies of the next to the last row being in line with the outer row of tubes and this wall extends back to the flue opening 14. l

'Midway between the inner and the outer tubular walls 10-13, I form a tubular wall 15, this wall extending-forward to a point which permits a sufficient opening for the gases to pass through and return, a practice which with various modifications is known in this art, and is not claimed herein. It will be observed however, that by the special construction herein shown I provide a new and important feature in connection with boiler of this class. v In Figs. 2 and 3 I show along- 'side of'each tubular wall, a channel or peway 16. These channels or passage .ways have two useful functions; First, .they serve as passage ways for cleaners which maybe entered through the doors 17, Fig. 2, in' the front wall of the furnace, and, second, aid in the distribution of gases of combustion,

1 It is well known that gases tend to flow directly towardthe outlets through the nearest opening and would not sweep over the tubes in the corner portions of the gas conduits formed by the tubular wall. Where, how ever, there are channel ways or gaps between the tubes, and where as in this case the inlet and outlet of each conduit is on opposite sides of the particular grouping of tubes within each conduit, it is obvious that these channels or passage ways will serve to cause a much more thorough distribution of the gases among all the tubes from end to end of the boiler. It is also obvious that when the gases are diverted from the grouping of tubes in one conduit, to the grouping of tubes in the return conduit, there is less resistance where the gases pass from oneconduit to the next, owing to the decreased number of tubes at this point. Thus in Fig. 3 at 18, the gases are shown passing from the inner to the outer conduit through a space which at the division line between the conduits has but a single along the walls 13', 15.

row of tubes, and a channel way on each side. As the channel way next to the combustion chamber offers less resistance it follows that the gaseswould be more thoroughly distributed in order to reach this channel, as shown at 19, and this is equally true as regards the distribution of the gases by the passage ways formed It is also obvious that, as the tubes are inclined at an angle the tendency of the. gases is to rise to the top and move along the upper gap or channel, thereby causing a better distribution of the gases in their tendency to reach this channel, while the lower channel tends to cause the gases to flow more thoroughly over the lower rows of tubes next to'the channel. I may modify the placing of these walls as in Fig. 4, whereit will be observed, the inner conduit of tubes 20 has several rows of tubes more than the outer conduit 19, or in other words the inner conduit is wider' than the outer ,conduit so as to provide for the difference of volume in the hot gases in the inner conduit and the comparatively cooler gases in the outer conduit. I

i may also modify the arrangement of the tubular walls by providing only two tubular walls as shown in Fig. 5.- In this case the tubular wall 21 may be placed some distance withinthe grouping, and the opening or passage way 22 is placed at the front end of the boiler, so that the tubes directly over the fire box, and below the tubular wall 21, will receive the benefit of radiated heat for a depth of several tube-rows. By reversing tl16 position. of the openings through the walls when the stack is placed at the front end of the boiler the gases will in like manner be caused to pass over all the tubes. The outer row oi tubes, in this case also constitute a tubular wall 23', and channel ways 24 are formed on each side of the wall 21 and on the inner side of wall 23, as in the other figures. I

In either form of construction, where the gases enter the stack from both the side and the end of the tubegroup, it is preferable to stop off the end of the' discharge conduit, at the rear end of the boiler by means of a perforated baifie plate 25, to prevent a too free liberation of the gases into the stack from theupper portions of the tubes.

I call particular attention to the structural details of the ends or the generating tubes, of the tubular .wall as shown in Fig. 6. The tubes have their ends enlarged,

necessary to so enlarge them in order to have a hole .sufiiciently large to pass the bend of the tube through.

In Figs. 7 and 8 I show a boiler construction having four groups of generating tubes, in which I employ my system of arranging the tubes. In this arrangement, it will be observed that I have solid tubular outer walls 30, 31 in each group, the lower wall 30 extending only partly along thefire box, leaving the tubes separated,

as at 32, so that the products of combustion may pass into the group, and the opposite end of each group lis connected with a transverse flue or channel 33 which connects with the stack. The products of combustion therefore enter each group of tubes, at 32, and after passing through the group, escapethrough between the open tubes at 34 into the flue 33. It will also be observed that each group has alongside of eachoi its solid walls, a channel or passage way 35 similar in construction and in its uses to the channels in the other figures.

What I claim as new, is

1; In a steam generator a tube-wall composed of closelyspuced tubes in substantially the same-plane, the alternate tubes having their end-portions enlarged and olf-set to tilt the tube-ends in two rows in the drum, and a drum formed with two rows of holes in which the tube-ends are fixed, those holes receiving the off-set tubes being enlarged to fit the enlarged tube-ends and permit the passage of. the off-set tubes into the drum.

2. In a steam generator the combination of a drum, 7

and a tube having an abrupt bend and an enlarged end fastened in a hole in the drum of siifiicient size to permit the passage of the bend.

3. In a steam generator, 21 steam-drum, and a series of water-tubes having abrupt bends near their upper ends and enlarged ends fixed in holes in the drum of sufllcient size to permit the passage of the bends, said drum having one or more openings in its wall opposite the ends of the tubesto permit the withdrawal of said tubes.

4. In a steamngenerator, a steamand a water drum, and a group of water-tubes connecting said drums, adjacent rows of tubes within the group having their bodies located in the same plane to form a tube wall at a depth of one or more tube-rows from the combustion-chamber,

' the rowsbetween said wall and the combustion-chamber passing them into said drum.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES D. MOSIIER.

Witnesses Ann C. Narnsou,

J. T. Znusr.

.the same plane, the steam drum having provisions for the removal from the boiler of the tubes in said tube-wall by

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