US861931A - Dynamo-electric variable-speed and reversing gearing. - Google Patents

Description

DYNAMO ELECTRIC VARI APPLIQ PATENTED JULY 30,1907. M. ALBREUHT.

ABLE SPEED AND REVBRSING GEARING.

ATION FILED FEB.13,1907. I

- 5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 861,931. PATENTED ULY 30, 190?.

' M. ALBRECHT.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC VARIABLE SPEED AND RBVERSING G-EARING.

APPLICATION FILED PBB.13,1907.

5 snns'rssmw 2 Arm-861,931, I PATENTBD JULYSO, 1907 v M. ALBRECHT. v DYNAMO-BLBGTRIGVARIABLE SPEED AND REVERSING GEARING.

' APPLICATION FILEjQ-I'EBJS, 1907.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PATENTBD JULY 30, 1907.

v M. ALBRECHT. I DYNAMO BLEGTRIG VARIABLE SPEED QAND EEVERSING GBARING.

APPLIOATION FiLEj J -F EB. 13, 1907.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4:.

We. 861,931. PATENTED JULY BO, 1907. .M. ALBRECHT.

.DYNAMO ELEGTRIGzVARIABLE SPEED AND REVERSING GEA-RING.

' Arnie-Anon FILED FEB. 13, 1907.

5 SHBETSESHEET a.

UNITED s'rn'rns PATENT OFFICE.

MARTIN ALBRECHT, OF ,F-RIEDBERG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO FELTEN & GUILLEAUME- LAHMEYERWER-KE AOT EN-GESELLSGHAFT, OF FRANKFORT-ON-THE-l\lAIN, GERMANY.-

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented .ruiv so, 1907.

Application filed February 13,1907. Serial No. 357,208.

- Tball'abhoni it mayfconcemr Be it known that l, MARTIN ALBRECHT, a subject of the German Emperor, and a resident of Friedberg,

Grand Duchy of Hesse, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dynamo-Electric Variable-Speed and Reversing Gearings, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in dynamoele'ctric variablespeed and reversing gearings; and the object of the improvements is to provide an apparatus pi this class by which the speed of a constantly rotating prime mover may be transmitted to two separately driven wheels at'any desired ratio without the use of a differential gearing for varying the ratio of the transmission. And for this purpose the improved apparatus consists of a dynamo-electric gear and an electrically coupled motor, both of: which separately drive a'carriage wheel; A carriage provided with the apparatus can be reversed, though a special reversing gearing is net, provided. because the momentum of the motor can be increased relatively to that of the dynamo electric geimand the motor can be reversed by changing the direction of the current. The speed is varied'by regu- Eating the magnetic field of the motor.

' For the purposeof illustrating the invention, several examplesof'theapparatus are shown in the accompanyingdrawings, in which-- v Figure 1 is a plan-view, partly in section, of an exampleof the apparatus, and Fig. 2 is a similar view of a modificationof the same, showing, as an example of means to balance the motor, anauxiliary dynamo the field winding of which is connected with the armature winding of the motor, and which is operated by the prime mover, Big. 3 me similar view of afurther example of balancing means, consisting in a fan operated by the dynamo, and an auxiliary dynamo independent of the'motor and main dynamo, and operated by the prime mover, thecurrent of which is supplied to the Tmotor, Fig. 4 is a similar viewof a further example in whichthe power is balanced by means of afan connected tothe dynamo, and. Fig. 5 is a similar view showinga modification of the dynamo electric gear.

Similar letters of reference 'refer to similar parts throughout the views.

- To a shaft 1 (Fig. 1) power is transmitted from any desired source, so that the armature 2 (or, in some cases, the field magnets 8, 8), of adynamo is continuously ro- 'tated. By such rotation of the armature relatively to the field magnets an" electric current -i s produced in the winding of thelatter, which, by collectors e, 4 and-5, is collected, and conducted to an electro-motor consistingof anarmaturet and field magnets 7,7. The

field- magnets 8, 8 of thev dynamo are mounted on a rorv shaft 9. They are therefore rotated according to the electric energy produced in the armature, and transmit such rotation to theshaft 9, fronrwhich further transmission of power may be effected by means of a toothedgcaring, chain and sprocket wheel, belt gearing, or the like. The electro-motor rotates a shaft 10, from which power may be transmitted by means of a toothed gearing, chain and sprocket wheel, or belt gearing.

' .The. electric gear and the electromotor may be inclosed within a casing 11 supporting the shaft bearings. Reierring to Fig. 1, it will be seen that the left hand brushes oi the armatures 2, 6, are directly connected and that one terminal of the field 7 is connected with the right hand brush of armature (i, and the other terminal of said field 7 is connected with one terminal of the field 8, the other terminal of the latter being connected to the right hand brush oi the armature 2. The resistances. 12, 13 are respectively connected across the fields 8, 7. The circuit thus formed extends from the left hand brush oi armature 2 through armature 6, fields 7, 8, and to the right hand brush of armature 2, the

. strength of the fields depending upon the position of the movable arm coacting with the resistances 13, 12.

The field of the magnets 7 and 8 can be regulated by means of rheostats 12 and 13 respectively. Different types of electrical machines maybe used for the dynamo and for the motor. may be energized by a sourceof electricity provided outside the dynamo, or they may be wound in series,

in shunt, or in compound to the armature s, or the dynamo and the motor may be substituted by single or polyphase alternating current machines.

In the apparatus shown in Fig, 1, the power trans mitted to each of the wheels is different, whereby the steering mechanism is constantly affected. This influence on the steering mechanism is the more detrimental, the. more the speed or the vehicle is increased. To avoid this disadvantage, the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 is designed, in which the field winding 14 of a small auxiliary dynamo is connected with the windings of the fields 7 8, the armature 15 of said auxiliary dynamo being directly rotated by the driving means while the field magnets are mounted on the motor shaft 10. The current produced by this additional dynamo is used to energize the magnet fieldsS, 8 and 7, Tot the electric gear and the electromotor. By the reaction ofthe magnet field'14iand the armature'15 of the additional dynamo thetorque.exerted on the shaft 10 by the electro- motor 6, 7 is increased. The current of the field magnet winding is regulated by switching in resistances.

It will be seen that the armatures 2, 6 are included in a circuit containing suitable resistance, the fields 7, 8 are included in a circuit containing resistance, an

The windings oi the field magnets" ha ing a connection witlrthc armature circuit, and that the fields and armatures of the auxiliary dynamo are arranged itt a circuit including the fields 7, S. liy this int-ans said auxiliary dynamo acts to energize llft. ficlds 7, 8. the circuit from each of said fields leading from the left hand terminal of tile field H to the left hand terminals of the fields '7. 8, and the right hand terminals of each of said fields being connected through suitable resistance with the hat ltand brush oi the. armature 15, the right hand brush of which is connected with the right hand terminal of the field 14.

It is apparent, that, instead of the armature, the magnet field of the additional dynatno may be rotated, in which case the torque exerted by the motor would be increased by the reaction of the armature.

An example of the reTation of the dynamo and the motor will explain the effect of the additional motor. If the difference of the power of the dynamo electric gear and the 'elect-romotor be 30 per cent., 10 per cent. of the same will'be used for energizing the magnet poles. These 10 per cent, however, will be added to the effect of the eleetromotor, on account of the reaction of the armature-and magnet pole of the additional dynamo, so that the difference of the main dynamo and the clectromotor decreased to 302.1t)=l0 per cent. The remaining difference can be balanced by causing the additional dynamo to produce a little more current, than wh.u is required to set up the magnetic fields, which current may be used to charge a little battery, from whi h current may be supplied. for the purpose of startingthe motor, for lighting purposes, or the like. A further example, how the difference of the power may be balanced, is shown in Fig: It consists in connecting a fan to the part of the dynamo coupled to the carriage wheel, and in increasing the torque of the electromotor by means of an auxiliary dynamo driven by the main driying shaft, the cu'rrentproduced being suppliedao the electromotor.

From the driycn element, and, in the example shown, from the magnet poles S, 8 of the dynamo, motion is imparted to a fan it; rigidly connected therewith and to the :arri-" wheel c ..-nnccted with the fan by a toothed gearing. a chain and sprocket wheel or the like. Th currentproduced in the armature 2 is supplied. as in the examples shown in Figs. 1 and 2, to the m tor t3, 7. The ma nct poles of the latter are statime" and its a mature transmits its energy to the wheel tonntted thcrcyith. Tire auxiliary dynamo l4, ",n'ov dcd for to increase thetorque of the motor, Jfitflitd by the main driving shaft 1, just as the arma -I1ll"..".' and it can he uscd limit r-gin: the magnet poles. The lati or are stationary.

The tmtcticn of the. arrangement as follows: The dynamo ttscd to increase the momentum while the fan 16 absorbs part of the enoi. the dynamo gear. Beth elements combine effect, when conditions are properly selected. :t'ly to balance the difference or energy caused c loss 01 electric currentcaused by the transmisn of the same from the dynamo to the motor.

A third example to avoid the injurious difference of power consists in connecting a fan 16 to that part. of the tiyntm c which is magnetically coupled by reaction and which is connected with the drive wheel, which attxtlut 't' of the dynamo.

part ('UllSle in th xample shown of tllOfiGldlYlflfl'llttS Said fan regulates the course of both driving" elements insuch a way, that, in starting, thc full power is transtnittcd to the. wheels, while at increased speed the dtiterence of the power of the dynam and the electromotor is balanced by the energy rcquircd for rotating the fan. The dimensions of the tan are such, that. at fttll spccd'th torque of both (lllYllt! elements is balanced, whcrcby both wheels are uni fortnly rotated. The arrangement described has a further advantage in a constant current of air pa sing through the casing of the apparatus, whcreby'thc lat teris satisfactorily cooled.

In a further example of the invent on, shown in Fig. 5, the dynamo-electric gear explained with reference to Figs. l4, in which the armature as well the magnet poles are arranged to rot-ate, substit utcd by a dynamo one part of which, either the armature or the poles, is stationary, the rotating element b ing connected, through an intermediate differential gearing,. with the driving shaft as well, as with the driven shaft. In the example shown, power can be transmitted from the shaft 1. actuated by any desired source of energy through bevel gears l7, 18, 19, 20 and 2| to the magnet poles 8,' 8 exerting a torque on the armature of the dynamo gear. The bevel gears 20, ne of which may eyidently be dispensed with, are mounted in such a way as to be capable of a rotation with the sha ft 23 a part of a rotation about the pivot 22. To the shaft 23 the driving element 2 1 is coupled which transtnit. motion for example to the back wheel. The function of this example of the invention is as follows: As long as the shaft 23 does not rotate and current is not taken from the. dynamo- gear 2, 8. the magnet poles 8, or th artna ture 2 as the case may be, rotate without any load and no torque is exert ed on the shaft 23. As soon. h u-i yct. as the dynamo-electric gear is charged by l ving t-lcctrically connected with the motor. the br-ycl scar it begins to roll on the bcici a' ar 2] and to :ranstnit :i

torouc'to the shaft 23. according to thramount of ur rent produced. Simultatu-ously, however. llt int- tor 6, 7 will transmit a ltltllll' ltllllll to the shaft 3t ac cording to the current: sinlied, whereby by int-an the driving wheel 25 tinv second carriage whorl is operated indeptmdcmly of the other arriage whet-l. Also in this example themc hanism may be includ d within a casing ll. Instead of the magnet polt-s; thc armature may, under certain circtnnstanccs, advantaflet'tusly be directly coupled with the bevel year 13!.

in whichcase the magnet poles ti, 8 are stationary.

I claim:

1. In a dynamo-electric \illlilltlt speed gearing. the c mbination with a prime mover ot'ya dynamo (lt"il'lt. eatcomprising a field element and an armature elem nt adapt ed to be rotated relatively to each other by s id prionmover, means operatively connected with outof said hmcnts and adapted to be rotated by the reaction ex icti. by said elements on each other, an electrical motor harm:- a movable member adapted to turn about the sam axis a the dynamo electric gear. a circuit including the ztl'tnttlttt' windings or said motor and of said dynamo t-lt-crrie gear, and means adapted to be rotated by said motor.

2. In a variable speed gearing, the combination with two elements adapted to turn about a common axis. of a prime mover. a dynamo comprising a field member antLan armature adapted to be rotated relative to each other tltlprime mover, means connecting one of said members I)! illl' dynamo with one of said elements, an electric motor, moans lit) lift) -iie'lds of said dynamo electric gear and of said motor,

connecting: a rotary member of said motor witlrthe other of said elements. and an electric circuit including: the armatures of said motor and dynamo.

3. In a dynamo-electrie variable speed gearing, the c ombinatiom\vith a prime mover. of a dynamo el'ectric gear comprising a field element and an arniatnre element adapted to be rotated relatively to each other by said primemover. means,opera-tively connected with one of said elcinents and adapted to be rotated by the reaction exerted by said elements on each other. an electrical motor. a circuit including the armature windings of said motor and of said dynamo electric near. lIlrflhS'tO vary the magnetic and means adapted to be rotated by said motor.

s .v In a dynanm-electric variable speed gearing. the combination. with a prime inoveiz'of a dynamo electric gear comprising: a field element and an armature element adapted to be rotated relatirely to each other by said primemover. means ope-ratirely connected with one 01' said cleinents and adapted to be rotated by the reaction exerted by said elements on each other. an electrical motor, a cir euitincluding the armature windings of said motor and of said dynamo electric gear. means to vary the magnetic lields of said dynamo electric gear and of said motor, and

. means adapted to be rotated by said motor.

by said elements on each other, an electrical motor, a circuit. including the armature windings of said motor and of said dynamo electric gear, means adapted to be rotated by said motor, and means to balance the, power exerted by said dynamo electric gear and by said motor; I

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence 0f-two subscribing witnesses.

. MARTIN ALBRECHT.

Witnesses:

FRANZ HASSLAUIIl-lll,

imrix Drrrnn}

Images