US225395A - Electro-magnetic motor - Google Patents

Electro-magnetic motor Download PDF

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US225395A
US225395A US225395DA US225395A US 225395 A US225395 A US 225395A US 225395D A US225395D A US 225395DA US 225395 A US225395 A US 225395A
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wheel
commutator
electro
magnets
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K25/00DC interrupter motors or generators

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  • Patented -Mar. .9, 1880 Patented -Mar. .9, 1880.
  • Figure 1 of the drawings is a representation of a plan view of my invention, and Fig. 2 is a side view of same.
  • This invention has relation to magnetic motors; and it consists in the construction and novel combination, in connection with a wheel carrying a series of electro-magncts and a rimsupport bearing two series of permanent magnets, of a commutator on an independent shaft, and proportionately-toothed wheels connecting the commutator-shaft and wheel-shaft, of the combined brake and reverser having conducting ends arranged to throw the current by its adjustment in opposite directions, of the crown-wheel on the main shaft, and startinglever pivoted on an axis at right angles to that of the crown-wheel and engaging the teeth thereof, and of the ridged substituter arranged upon rocking bearings and governed by a spring, all as hereinafter shown and described.
  • the wheel A attached to the shaft B, is furnished with a series of elcctro-magnets, c, which are made fast to its periphery and arranged parallel with the shaft and equidistant from each other.
  • Their helices are so con.- nected that when an electrical current passes through them all the polarity of their several cores will be alternatethat is, a positive pole will always be between two negatives and a negative between two positives.
  • the cores of the helices which may be either solid or tubular, are furnished at their extremities with thin soft-iron attachments b, which are preferably made either oblong or elliptical in facial outline, and through the center of their faces they are screwed or otherwise securely fastened to the poles of the electro-magnets. All of these are to be thus applied,
  • the commutator E which may consist of two or four or any desired number of interlocking insulated tongues or bars, but which in no case requires a large number, differs from the commutator-s in general use, first, in being placed not upon the main shaft, but upon a shaft of its own, which is geared to the main shaft secondly, in the mode by which the current is transmitted from the geared commutator to the helices 011 the motor-wheel. This is effected by means of two insulated metallic bands, M, placed upon the main shaft and connected, respectively, with the initial and terminal wires of the series of helices, and also, by means of the rubbing-springs h h, with the bands of the commutator.
  • Two central springs, la k which connect immediately with the battery or other electric generator, press upon the tongues of the commutator in the usual way.
  • the gearing is proportioned to the number of tongues on the commutator, and also to the number of electro-magnets on the wheel, and the whole arrangement and adjustment are such as to se cure reversal of the current when the helices come in front of the poles of the permanent magnets.
  • any definite number of reversals may be effected simply by increasing the relative speed of the commutator by means ofthe gears. It also insures with much greater accuracy a more speedy reversal at the precise points desired.
  • the wheel reverser and brake F is a small bloel; of wood fitted with metallic ends 1 l, which project slightly below the wood and rest respectively upon two parallel electrical conductors which extend beneath them and connect with the central springs of the commutator.
  • the block F turns upon a bolt which passes through it into the solid insulating material filling the space between the electrical conductors.
  • a coiled spring between the head of the bolt and the block keeps the metallic ends in close contact with the couductors.
  • Said metallic ends are also constantly pressed by springs in on, which are connected, respectively, with the positive and negative poles of the electrical generator.
  • the starter G is a device for starting the machine by overcoming, through mechanical means, the influence of the permanent magnets noon the cores when the machine is at rest. It consists of the crown-wheel H upon the end of the shaft B, with the lever K so arranged that when its longer arm is moved in either direction its shorter arm will engage with a cog of the crown-wheel, and so move the motor-wheel. As a very small movement is all that is needed, just enough to enable the current which may be circulating through the commutator to reach the helices, the lever may be so pivoted as to give any desired amount of mechanical advantage.
  • the crown-wheel is also fitted to carry a cord or band, and may be used as a driver.
  • the current-substituter N consists of an oblong block of wood hinged in the center so as to move up and down, and finished above the hinge-bolt in the form of a ridge to receive the constant pressure of the spring 0.
  • Bindingposts 12 p p p are inserted in the four corners of the block immediately over two parallel conducting-bars, g g, with which they are in contact when depressed and out of contact when elevated.
  • the said bars are connected with the springs of the reverser by wires passing under the base.
  • the two binding-posts at one end of the block are to receive the wires from the positive and negative poles of a battery or other electric generator, and those at the other may receive similar wires from another.
  • the block one current may be substituted for the other without arresting the motion of the motor-wheel, while the spring 0 keeps the posts of the down end in close contact with the conducting-bars.
  • the speed is to be regulated by a centrifugal governor of any suitable pattern, arranged to break the electrical circuit at the maximum velocity desired.
  • the combined brake and reverser F arranged to throw the current by its adjustment in opposite directions, the metallic conductors 7t is, hearing against the commutator and brake, and the conductors h h, bearing against insulated bands 6 t" on the main shaft, combined with a wheel upon the said shaft carrying a connected series of electro-magnets, wires leading from said bands to the terminal and initial electro-inagnets of the series, and arini
  • the above I he or support carrying a double set of fixed maghereunto subscribed my name in the presence nets arranged for alternate recurrence, subof two Witnesses.
  • rocking substituter havingacentrai JAMES S. LAMAR. ridge, and a governing-spring adapted to bear on said ridge and press either end of said sub- witnesseses: stituter down to the conductors, substantially PHIL.
  • G. MASI as specified.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Description

J. S. LAMAR. Blectro-Magnetic Motor.v
Patented -Mar. .9, 1880.
WITNESSES w t ATTO R N EY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
JAMES S. LAMAR, OF AUGUSTA, GEORGIA.
ELECTRO-MAGNETlC MOTOR.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 225,395, dated March 9, 1880,
Application filed November 28, 1879.
To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, J AMEs S. LAMAR, of Augusta, in the county of Richmond and State of Georgia, have invented a new and valuable Improvement in Magnetic Motors; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.
Figure 1 of the drawings is a representation of a plan view of my invention, and Fig. 2 is a side view of same.
This invention has relation to magnetic motors; and it consists in the construction and novel combination, in connection with a wheel carrying a series of electro-magncts and a rimsupport bearing two series of permanent magnets, of a commutator on an independent shaft, and proportionately-toothed wheels connecting the commutator-shaft and wheel-shaft, of the combined brake and reverser having conducting ends arranged to throw the current by its adjustment in opposite directions, of the crown-wheel on the main shaft, and startinglever pivoted on an axis at right angles to that of the crown-wheel and engaging the teeth thereof, and of the ridged substituter arranged upon rocking bearings and governed by a spring, all as hereinafter shown and described.
The wheel A, attached to the shaft B, is furnished with a series of elcctro-magnets, c, which are made fast to its periphery and arranged parallel with the shaft and equidistant from each other. Their helices are so con.- nected that when an electrical current passes through them all the polarity of their several cores will be alternatethat is, a positive pole will always be between two negatives and a negative between two positives.
The cores of the helices, which may be either solid or tubular, are furnished at their extremities with thin soft-iron attachments b, which are preferably made either oblong or elliptical in facial outline, and through the center of their faces they are screwed or otherwise securely fastened to the poles of the electro-magnets. All of these are to be thus applied,
though only three are here exhibited.
The object of these attachments, which are placed with their longer diameter tangential to the circle in which they move when the wheel revolves, is to extend the electromagnetic poles both in front and rear.
011 a circle of wood, 0, surrounding said wheel A, permanent steel magnets d (in number equal to the number of electro-magnets) are so arranged in series on both sides that poles of different name always succeed each other. In front of these permanent poles and between the two circular series the poles of the eleetro-magnets c revolve with the wheel A.
The commutator E, which may consist of two or four or any desired number of interlocking insulated tongues or bars, but which in no case requires a large number, differs from the commutator-s in general use, first, in being placed not upon the main shaft, but upon a shaft of its own, which is geared to the main shaft secondly, in the mode by which the current is transmitted from the geared commutator to the helices 011 the motor-wheel. This is effected by means of two insulated metallic bands, M, placed upon the main shaft and connected, respectively, with the initial and terminal wires of the series of helices, and also, by means of the rubbing-springs h h, with the bands of the commutator.
Two central springs, la k, which connect immediately with the battery or other electric generator, press upon the tongues of the commutator in the usual way. The gearing is proportioned to the number of tongues on the commutator, and also to the number of electro-magnets on the wheel, and the whole arrangement and adjustment are such as to se cure reversal of the current when the helices come in front of the poles of the permanent magnets.
By this device any definite number of reversals may be effected simply by increasing the relative speed of the commutator by means ofthe gears. It also insures with much greater accuracy a more speedy reversal at the precise points desired.
The wheel reverser and brake F is a small bloel; of wood fitted with metallic ends 1 l, which project slightly below the wood and rest respectively upon two parallel electrical conductors which extend beneath them and connect with the central springs of the commutator. The block F turns upon a bolt which passes through it into the solid insulating material filling the space between the electrical conductors. A coiled spring between the head of the bolt and the block keeps the metallic ends in close contact with the couductors. Said metallic ends are also constantly pressed by springs in on, which are connected, respectively, with the positive and negative poles of the electrical generator. Hence by shifting the ends of the block from one of the underlying conductors to the other the cur rent in the helices is reversed and the entire magnetic influence of the motor is converted into a brake, which first arrests and then reverses the motion of the wheel.
The starter G is a device for starting the machine by overcoming, through mechanical means, the influence of the permanent magnets noon the cores when the machine is at rest. It consists of the crown-wheel H upon the end of the shaft B, with the lever K so arranged that when its longer arm is moved in either direction its shorter arm will engage with a cog of the crown-wheel, and so move the motor-wheel. As a very small movement is all that is needed, just enough to enable the current which may be circulating through the commutator to reach the helices, the lever may be so pivoted as to give any desired amount of mechanical advantage. The crown-wheel is also fitted to carry a cord or band, and may be used as a driver.
The current-substituter N consists of an oblong block of wood hinged in the center so as to move up and down, and finished above the hinge-bolt in the form of a ridge to receive the constant pressure of the spring 0. Bindingposts 12 p p p are inserted in the four corners of the block immediately over two parallel conducting-bars, g g, with which they are in contact when depressed and out of contact when elevated. The said bars are connected with the springs of the reverser by wires passing under the base. The two binding-posts at one end of the block are to receive the wires from the positive and negative poles of a battery or other electric generator, and those at the other may receive similar wires from another. the block one current may be substituted for the other without arresting the motion of the motor-wheel, while the spring 0 keeps the posts of the down end in close contact with the conducting-bars.
The operation of my machine is as follows: WVhen a current from a battery or other source is transmitted through the commutator, the machine being at rest, it does not materially affect the helices, because in this condition the central springs of the commutator press upon two of the tongues at once. By means of the starter this condition is overcome, and the circuit is completed through the helices, magnetizing the cores and giving them a polarity opposite to that of the permanent steel magnets next in front of them and the same as that ofthe magnets next behind them. Hence they are at the same time driven and Hence by depressing the up end or attracted forward. hen they reach the next succeeding poles their own polarity is reversed by the commutator, when they are again driven and attracted forward, and so on perpetually.
The speed is to be regulated by a centrifugal governor of any suitable pattern, arranged to break the electrical circuit at the maximum velocity desired.
What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
1. The combination, with a wheel carrying a series of electro-magnets peripherally ar ranged with their cores parallel with the wheelshaft and their helices connected by wires, a circular support provided with a double series of permanent magnets uniformly spaced and arranged for alternate recurrence, an independent shafted orjournaled commutator, and proportionately-toothed gearing connecting the shafts of the commutator and electromagnet wheel, of insulated metallic bands on the main shaft, connected the one with the initial and the other with the terminal wires of the series of electro-magnets, and with the bands of the commutator by conductin g-strips, and conducting-strips 7; 7t, pressing upon the tongues of the commutator and connecting with the electric supply, substantially as specified.
2. The combination of a wheel carrying a series of electro-magnets connected to each other and by initial and terminal wires of the series to conductors on the main shaft, an in dependent rotating commutator, a double set of permanent magnets arranged on a frame for alternate recurrence, proportionately-toothed gearing connecting the shafts of the commutator and electro magnet wheel, conductingstrips connecting the conductors on the main shaft and the bands of the commutator, and corulucting-strips pressing on the tongues of the commutator and leading to the electric supply, substantially as specified.
3. The combination, with two conductingstrips, h It, of the reversible piece ll, having conducting ends adapted to" be shifted upon said conducting-strips, and springs in in, connected with the poles of the electric supply and arranged to press against the conducting ends of said reversible piece in its different positions, substantially as specified.
The combination, with the shaft of the motor-wheel, of a crown-wheel, H, and a lever, K, pivoted on an axis at right angles to the motor-wheel shaft and arranged to turn the same by engaging with the teeth of the crown-wheel, substantially as specified.
5. The combined brake and reverser F, arranged to throw the current by its adjustment in opposite directions, the metallic conductors 7t is, hearing against the commutator and brake, and the conductors h h, bearing against insulated bands 6 t" on the main shaft, combined with a wheel upon the said shaft carrying a connected series of electro-magnets, wires leading from said bands to the terminal and initial electro-inagnets of the series, and arini In testimony that I claim the above I he or support carrying a double set of fixed maghereunto subscribed my name in the presence nets arranged for alternate recurrence, subof two Witnesses.
stantially as specified.
6. The rocking substituter havingacentrai JAMES S. LAMAR. ridge, and a governing-spring adapted to bear on said ridge and press either end of said sub- Witnesses: stituter down to the conductors, substantially PHIL. G. MASI, as specified. F. J. MASI.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090137093A1 (en) * 2007-11-26 2009-05-28 Nanya Technology Corp. Method of forming finfet device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090137093A1 (en) * 2007-11-26 2009-05-28 Nanya Technology Corp. Method of forming finfet device

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