US859944A - Elevator-controlling mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

PATBNTED JULY 16, 1907.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Sure nlfo'a 5I Honnef PATENTED JULY 16, 1907.

W. H. HULTGRBN. ELEVATOR CONTROLLING MEUHANISM.

APPLIUATION FILED BEPT.13.1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET B.

Sure l'oz Hoznm ELEVATOR UONTROLLING MEGHANISM.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 13. 1906.

Witwen-144,

PATENTED JULY 16, 1907.

W. H. HULTGRBN. ELEVATR CONTROLLING MEUHANISM. APPLIUATION FILED sBrT.1s.1eo5.

6 SEEETSSHEET 4.

Gwihwoad/ @Hor u ci,

PATENTED JULY 16, 1907.

W. H, HULTGREN. ELEVATOR UDNTROLLING MECHANISM.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT.13.1905,

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5,

UNITED TATES PATIElVT OFFICE.

WlhlrlAM H. HULTGREN, OF ,PHlLADELPHlrL PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIG NOR T() OTIS ELEVATOR l'OMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NltW JERSEY, A UORPORATIONOF NEW JERSEY.

ELEVATOR-CONTROLLING ME CHAN ISM.

No`s59.944.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 1e, 1907.

Application filed September 13,1905. Serial No. 278,215.

To all whom il may concern:

Beit known that I` WILLIAM H. Humanas', a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia. in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania` have invented a new and useful Improvement in Ele'- vator-ControllingMechanism, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to elevators, and one ot its objects is the provision of simple and efliciont mechanism coxnpactly arranged for controlling the starting, stopping and reversing of electric motors.

More particularly' it is theobject of my invention to provide compact and improved means for controlling alternating electric motors in connection with hoisting apparatusj so that the main line switch and the reversing switches may be operated and the brake released by actuating the flier sheave from the car or platform.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating my invention, Figure l represents an elevation oi my novel arrangement of elevator controlling mechanism; Fig. 2 isa plan view of thc construction shown in Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a broken away portion partly in vertical scction, the section being taken on the line a-o of Fig. 1 or on the line a-a oi' Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is another broken away portion in veriioal section to show particularly the slack cable device. thcsect ion boing takcnon rr-rr, ol Fig. 2; Fig. 5 shows a detail of the slack cable device; Fig. C shows the reversing switches and thc cam for op crating the same and for operating also the broke lever; and Fig. 7 is awiring diagramoi thcaltcrnatingcurrent moti|rcontrolling system.

Similar reference characters are used throughout the drawings to designate similar parts.

Referring to Figs. l and 2, the reference number l 5 dcsignatcs a suitable housing for a worm wheel 2 which is Iixod to the hoisting drum shalt 3, 4 designating the hoisting drum. The journalsof the shaft 3 are mounted in suitable hearings 5, 6 on the standards 7, 8, respectively. 'lhc worm -shaft 9 has one ol its journals lnou ntcd in thc bearing l0 on the standard ll, the other ond nl thc shalt carrying the worm 18 (Fig. 4) which nwshcs with tho worm-wheel 2 and is inclosed in the casing l2. 'lhc worm casing 12 is secured to the housing l and sorvcs to support the electric rheostat controllcr .'Jl as shown in Fig. 3. Fixed to the worm shaft 9 is a policy 14 which may be connected by belt to the pulley lti of the alternating current motor 15 shown in Fig. 7. Although l have shown a belt elevator, it is obvious that the electric motor may be direct connected or connected through suitable gearing to `the worm shalt. 9. 17 designates the brake pulley fixed to thc shaft 9 and provided with a brake 19 comprising two brake bands 20 and 21 (Pig. 4) which may be pivl l l l l l t l l l l l l l l l l l oted at their lower ends to the bracket 22 which extends from the oil drip cup 23, this cup boing secured to the worm casing l2 (Fig. l). The brake-applying means comprises a double armed lever 24 (Fig. 4l which is pivotally mounted on the bearing 25 which is fixed to and extends from thc housing l. Substantially at right angles to the lcvcr 24 and secured thereto is the brake level' 27 having an adjustable weight 2S and a cam engaging portion 29 at its other end. The weight 2S may be on one side as shown in Fig. l, or on the other side as indicated by th c reference character 2S in Fig. 4, depending upon the connections of th o brake hands 20 and 21 with the lever 24. 30 designates a cam mounted loosely on a reduced portion 3l (Fig. 4) of the drum shaft 3. Preferably thc toc 29 oi this brake lever is normally out of contact with the flat portion oi the cam 30 as indicated in Fig. 4. Rigidly connected by means oi the yoke 32 with the cam 30 is the flier or shipper shcave 33 on the periphery of which is wound one or more times the operating or shipper rope. The rope may be secured to the sheavc in the manner illustrated in my patent, No. 744,346, November l', 1903, elevator, if desired. A stop motion device is shown in connection with this shcave in that thc threaded portion 3T of the shalt 31 has a traveling nut 34 which is restricted to a longitudinal movement by guides on the yoke 32. This traveling nut is arranged to engage the fixed stops 35 and 3G when the drum 4 has made a predetermined number of revolutions and the car has reached the limits of its travel, the result being that the llir-r 33 is revolved back to stop position. The brake cam being symmetrical it is immaterial in which direction from normal position the fier is moved as in either caso the weight 28 will be lifted and the brake released. 3S designates a. Washer which is held in place by the nut 39 and serves as a thrust bearing for the shipper shcave 33.4 Motion of the shcavc in the opposite direction is prevented by the cam 40 engaging the toe 29 of thc brake lever 27. The cam 40 moves with the brake cam and controls the position oi the switch levers 4l and 42. These levers are pivotcd rc- Bpectively at 43 and 44 tothe brackets 45 and 46 which are carried by the housing l. The downwardly projecting arms 47 and 48 are respectively provided with antifriction rollers 49 and 50 which are held against. the symmetrical cam 40 by moans of the springs 5l and 52. That is, the springs 51 and 52 tend to rock thc levers 41 and 42 so as to bring the contacts 53 and 54 mou ntcd on but insulated from the switch arms 55 and 56 respectively, into engagement with the fixed contacts 57 and 58. Fig. l shows that the contacts 57 and 58 are secured thc lower ends ol thc arms 17 and 13 and passing through the lower portions of said brin'licts retain the springs 51 and 5; in place.

In Fig'. 3 l have shown the shipper' sheave 33 and parts rigid therewith ol different proportions than in Fig. 4 and have omitted the stop motion apparatus, in order to show nrorc clearly thc main switch and the means for operating it.. The drum shaft 3 in this castl is of tlnl same diameter throughout its length. The inain line switch comprises a Contact 6l suitably mounted on a base ot' insulation (S8 which is [ixcd to the housing l. and a movable contact 62 carried by but insulated from the switch arm 63 of a lever 6l which is pivoted at to u bracket 70 also fixed to the` housing 1. The lever 64 has also a downwardly projecting arm 65 with an antid'riction roller 66 at its end which is adapted to be engaged by the cams 67 and 6T (Fig. l) shown in Figs. l and 3 integr-.il with the yoke 32 and the cams 40' and 30. 'lht` main lille switch 74 is held normally in open position by nie-.tus of the.l spring 7L which is held in place by the pin 71, this pin being pivoted vto the rock lever 64 at 73 and projecting through holes, in the y insulation 68 and bracket 70. Although the main line switch comprises Qply one set of contacts the reversing switches each comprise two sets of contacts, this being clear from an inspection of Figs` 2 and 7. ln Fig. 7 it is shown that the levers 4l and 42 have double switch arms 55, 79 and 80, 56, respectively, the movable contacts 53, 77 and 7S. 54 being adapted to engage the contacts 57, and 76, 58. Two arms and double sets of contacts are necessary for cach reversing switch in this case because oi the connections to a pelyphase'alternoting current motor. Only one set oi contacts 6l, 62 is necessary t'or the main line switch, however. Fixed to the lower central portion ot' the yoke 32 is a pin 81 as indicated in Fig. 3. This pin is adapted to engage the areshaped movable cam 82 which is fixed to the vertical stem 83 of the rheostat 13. 13 (Fig. 3) represents the mounting plate for the switches 92, 93 (Fig. 7). TluA stem 83 is guided in its movement by the guide 84 in the bracket 86 which is secured to the worm casing 12. 'To the lower end of the stem 83 is connected a dash pot 87, between which and a cap 8S of a cam plate 90 is placed a compression spring 89 to encircle said stem. Normally the cam plate 90 is in such position that the pairs ot switches 92 and 93 controlled thereby are held in open position as indicated in Fig. 7 and the entire resistance 01 is in circuit with the rotor of the motor. This resistance is connected to the. rotor circuits through the slip rings 94 and when the stem 83 is released the plate 90 is forced upwardly so that the pairs of switches from bottom upward will be operated successively to gradually cut out the resistance 91. This construction is not described in detail as it is per se no part of my invention and being fully described in thc patent to lhlder, 726,303, April 28, 1903, motor controlling appaw ratns. Any other means for suitably starting an alternating current motor may be used if desired.

l will now describe the slack cable device. Referring to' Fig. 4 it will be noticed that the left-hand end of the cani 30 is provided with teeth 97 to engage with corresponding teeth 90 to form a clutch. The teeth 96 are on the` collar` 114 which is loosely feathered to the shaft 31 so as to be tree to slide longitudinally but not `(il into engagement.

circumfcrentially. This collar has a circular groove 0H with which is arranged to engage the* {ork 95 ol a bellcrank lever which is pivoted at 99 on a bracket 115 fixed to the housing l. The bell-crank lever 100 is pivot-ally connected at 100 to the link 102 which in turn is pivotally connected at 103 to the levcr 101. This lever is pivoted at 105 on top oi the housing 105 and is pivotally connected at 106 to the dt'lwnwardl)r extending link 107 which is pivoted at 108 to the lever 112. The lever 112 is pivotally mounted on the bracket 116 which extends from the lower left-hand portion oi the housing 1. A lever similar to that designated by the reference number 112 is pivoted on the bracket 117 which extends to the right trom the standard 7. These levers are weighted by means oi the weights 113 and 1.20 which are adjustably mounted on the outer ends of the lever arms 119 and 12|, respectively. The other lever arms and 122 have their outer ends rigidly connected together by means ol' 11nrod 1 23 which serves as a bearing for the she-avc or pnlley 124. The elevator machine is shown in Figs. t and 5 as a ceiling machine in that the elevator apparatus is placed above the hatchway and the hoisting cable 125 passes downwardly directly to the car or platform. From Fig. 5 it will be seen that when the cable 125 is under sufficient tension it will force the pulley 111 to thc left and consequently the link 107 upwardly and the clutch collar 114 to the left; and maintain the latter out of engagement with the teeth 97. When, however. the cable 125 becomes slack, as when the car sticks on the guideways, the weights and 113 will act to move the levers and links in the opposite direction so that the teeth on the collar 114 shall eng-.ige those on the cam 30. When this occurs the clutch will be operated by the drum shaft 3 to move the shipper or flier sheave to central or stop position and thus stoptlie hoisting apparatus.

The operation of my device is as follows: Assuming that; the parts are in their central or stop positions as indicated and the main line and reversing switches consequently in open position` let the shipper sheave 33 be rotated in a clockwise direction. The c-.un 30 will immediately act on the toe 29 of the brake lever and effect a release oi the brake. A short time thereafter the right-hand portion of the cam 40 will release tbc 1ever 42 and allow the spring 52 to close thc switch contaCtS 54, 58 and 78, 76 (Fig. 7), the lever 41 lit-ing held during this time in normal position by the concentric portion of the cam 40. Substantially at thc saine linie that the right-hand reversing switch is closed the c-.nn 67 strikes the roller 66 and with a sudden or quick movement rocks the lever 64 to effect a closure o1' the main line switch 174 by bringing the contactstZ and The switch 120 (Fig. 7) being closed, current will now pass from the mains 127, 12S and 129 to the motor terminals 130, 131 and 132, respectively; that from the main 127 passing through the wire 127, contacts 76, 78, and wires 133, 134 to motor terminal 131; and that from main 129 passing through the Wire 129, contacts 58, 54, and wires '136, 137 to motor terminal 132. By rotating the flier sheave in an anti-clockwise direction the left-hond reversing switch will be closed and the right-hand one held open. In this case two of the phases will be reversed sinct` the vllfl Whether the shipper shcave is rotated in one direction or the other it will be seen that it is moved through about 90 and that as it approaches the limit of its motion the roller 138 on the pin 8l will move out of engagement with the arc-shaped Vegim, 82 and allow tho spring S9 to move the rod 83 and consequently the plate V90 which is attached to it by means oi the cap 88,

slowly upward agznst the action ofthe (lash-pot 87.

.- As the plate moves upwardly the switches 92 and 93 will be closed in pairs one after another to gradually short-circuit the resistance 91. This will allow the motor to start with a strong torque and gradually increase to full speed when all the resistance 91 will be short-circuted.

When it is desired to stop the motor the shipper shefwe' is simply rotated back to central position, the dat portion on tifo cani S0 enabling the operator to determine when central position is reached so that the sheave will not be rotated too for. The spring 72 operates to open the main linc switch 74 and the cam 40 opens the reversing switch which had been closed. The roller 138 also engages the areshaped cam 82 and depresses the same so that the rod 83 and plate 90 will receive a downward movement so as to open the switches 92 and 93. It is therefore seen that it is impossible to reverse the motor without first opening the switch 74 and reinserting the starting resistance 91 in the rotor circuit.

Having thus described my invention and without limiting mysel to the precise construction oi details and arrangement of parts, what I claim and desire to have protected by Letters Patent of the United States l. The combination with n hoisting drum. ot n drum shaft, a motor for rotating said drum, a brake, brake app15-ing means. o shipper sheav and means counting with said shcave for operating said motor and said brake-applying means.

L. The combination with hoisting apparatus. of brake 'mechanism therefor, n motor connected to said hoisting apparatus, n shipper sheavc. and means cmacting with Suid shipper sheave for operating hoth said motor nud said brake mechanism.

1i. 'l'he comliination with hoisting apparatus, of brake mechanism therefor, a motor for driving said hoisting apparatus, :i shipper slieave, and means enacting with said shipper she-ave for simultaneously operating said motor ond said hrnkc mechanism` 4. The combination with holstlng apparatus, of n brake. lu'nkeapplying means. o motor for sold hoisting apparatus. :i shipper shcave. means operated hy said shipper sin-:ive for actuating; said lirakeapplylng means to relense thc saine. and means operated also hy sold shipper ehoave for storting the motor.

5. The combination with hoisting mechanism, nl brake mechanism therefor. means for operating said broke mechanlsm. nn electric motor for driving the hoisting apparatus. reversing switches for the motor, and means so-noting with said operating; menne for controlling snld reversing switches.

il. The combination with hnistingnppnrntun. of brnlic mochnnlsm therefor, an electric motor for driving said hoisting appnrntus. and menus for operating sold limi-:e mechanism and lor controlling the circuits to said motor.

T. The combination with hoisting apparatus, o! broke mechanism therefor. an electric motor for driving sold hoisting apparatus, switches for closing the circuits to sold motor, and single mechanism for operating sold brake mechanism und smid awltcllcs.

8. 'lllo colnhlnutlou willi hohillobr apparatus, of ln'nko mechanism therefor, nnolectrlc motor for drlvlm,r sold llolntlng nppncutus, revorslug switches for sold motor, and a ainclodovlcc for operating sold brake mechanism mul mid switches.

il. 'lhe enmlilnntlon with hoisting apparatus. of brnko mechanism therefor, nnelectrlc motor, reversing switches tor sold motor, menno for closing said reverslng switches, menos for holding said swltches ln open position. means for actuating said holding means to release one of sold switches. and means co-octlng with said :ictuntlng-means for releasing said hrnko mechanism.

10. The combination with hoisting npparnhls, of broke mechanism therelor, a cum for operating said brake mechanlsm, on electric motor. reversing switches for said motor,

means for closing sold switches. a cam for holding said reversing switches normally lnopen position, and means for actuating said come to elect the release of the brake mechanism and the closing of one of said switches.

11. The combination with hoisting apparatus, of hrnko mechanism therefor, a cam for operating said broke mech nnlsm. an electric motor, switches for said motor, means for closing said switches, a com for holding suld switches lo. open position, and a Bier :heave for actuating said come for effecting the release of the brake mechanism ond the closure of one of said reversing switches.

12. The combination with holsting apparatus, of brake mechanism therefor'. an electric motor for driving sali] hoisting apparatus, n malin line switch and reversing switches for said motor, and a single device for operating sold brake mechanismnnd electlng the closure ot one of the reversing switches and of the main line switch.

13. The combination with hoisting apparatus, of brake mechanism therefor. a cam for operating said brake mechanlsm to release the saine, an electric motor, n main line switch and reversing switches for said motor, means forclosing said reversing switches. means for opening said main line switch, o can; for hoiding said reversing switches in open position, n com for positively actuating said main line swltcli to close .the same, and n shipper sheave for nctuntlng all of amid cams.

l-l. The combination with n hoisting drum, a drum shaft, an electric motor connected to drive said shaft and drum, brake mechanism, a shipper sheave mounted loosely on said drum shaft, a cam connected to said shenve tor operating said brake mechanism, motor-controlling means, and additional cams connected to said sheave for operating.r sold motor-controlling means.

15. The combination with hoisting apparatus, ol' brake mechanism therefor. u shipper shears, n cam carried by snhl shenve for operating said brake mechanism, a motor for driving said holstlng apparatus, motor-controlling means, und additional cams carried by said shenve lor opera ting sold motor-controlling menos.

1G. The combination with hoisting apparatus, of brake mechanism therefor, n motor for driving said hoisting npparams, motor-controlling means, and a single device for operating said broke mechanism and said motor-controlling menus substantially at the same time.

1T. The combination with hoisting apparatus. of broke mechanism therefor. n motor [or driving said hoisting.: nppzmiius. motor-controlling meims, means for operating: said brake mechanism and motorcontrolling means, n clutch 1i-acting with snld opcratingvmenns. und n slack cable device for actuating said clutch to eilect n stopping of lllc holstlug apparatus.

- 1S. The combination with hoisting apparatus. of brake mechanism therefor, un electric motor, starting rosislunrc for said motor. means for controlling snld starting resist ance. und o single device for cll'cctlng the operation ol said brake-mechanism and uf said controlllngmenus- 10. The combination with holstlng npparotlls, nl' brake mechanism therefor, on electric motor. an adjustable rhon- Stnt for sold motor. switches for closnc thc circuits to ille motor, and a slngle device for operating said hrnko mechanism and pormitllng the closure of said switches und the oporallon of said rheoslnt.

ilt 'ihe vomhinntiun with hoisting: nmnnnlna, or nn cli-cirir motor nr driving the nume, n main liuc switch mui wversinu; nwihfhvn for snhl mnlm'. umztionui mlnilnl.: maintnnce im' the mutui', lnuuns l'ulmilmnntiunliy vnlting nu nini rvsirauuwv, n shipper shi-uve, and :nouns nrlnntwl by unid Hhimmr siwnv fur clnsing the nmin lino swiitfh. permitting nnn uf thc reversing switches to he chased. und pm'- miitim.: tine npcrnthm of Suid means [or nntmnnticnlly cutting out the resistance.

21. The combination with hoisting.: nplmrnius, or hlnke mechanism thm-Mor. nn alternating current mntor, mart lng mecimniam therefor. und a single device fm' operating: si-.id hrnke mvnhnnisnl und snid motor starting inechnnisln.

22. The elnnhinntion with hoisting apparatus. hrnke mechanism therefor. nn nitcrnnting cnn-rent motor for drivA ing snid hoisting.' nppnl'ntns, n starting device for said motor, n shippvr shem'e. and means nctnzlted by snid shipper shenve fr etici-ting the operation of said bmke mechanism and said starting derive.

23. The comhinntinn with hoisting apparatus. n( brake nnmhnnim thc'r'ntol'. nn alternating cm'rnnt mmm'. n lnnin awiuh nml reversing mviichon fur mid lnutnr, nn mullah niihr vhuunini i'm conlmliinu the nvvi'imjnilun ui unid nimm'. nnii n singin iiuvh'o fur nii'evlinf; the num-"Hun nf mnd in'niul mechnnimn. the clumn'c ni :anni ninin switch und una ni nnhi reversing switches and the operation nl thu rhcnslni.

:iA 'iim combination with n hoiniing drum, uf n drinn simi't, n hlpnel ahuuve mounted iuaseiy upon un exiumaiun n( smid simil. ln'nkc mcchnnism, nn eiectriu motor for Lil-iv im.: said hointing nppnmrns, motor-cuntvoliing means, nml menne nvnmted by mld shipper shcnvo for nlcctlng the opcrntiun of said motnncnntrniiing menne.

in tvslimony wheruof, l inw@v signed my name io this spvcificniiun in the presence nf two suhscrihing witnesses.

WILLIAM II. HUL'IGR EN.

Witnesses isms' kxr'ruuns, human i, ("nmmL

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