US859719A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

\ PATENTED JULY 9, 1907.

L. ANDERSON.

ARBURETER., APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 7,1906.

tristan A"reviens narnia@ LAKS ANDERSON,

OF NEW YORK, N1 Y., ASSGNOR TO TRPLEX'GAS ENGINE COMPANY, {Olii}v NEW YORKMN. Y., A, CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.` r

orinnunn'rna.

specification of Letters Patent.

'Patented July s, iam'.

` To all whom it 'may concern:

Be it known that I, Lans ANDERSON, a citizen oi the United States, at present residing at New York, county of New York, and State of New York, have made a cer 5 tain new and useiul Invention in Carbureters, of which the following is a'full, clear, and exact specification.

This invention relates to carburetcrs, and, more pare ticularly, to that type oi carburetor in which a liquid duid 'is atoniizcd andmixed with air to form the explosive charge foren engine or for other purposes.

The object oi the invention is to simplify and iinprove the construction oi devices of this nature and to render the same more efficient in operation.

A `further object of the invention is to provide a construction of carburetor of the type referred to wherein the liquid fuel is supplied to theair with which it is to be mixed, in iine sprays, as by an atoniizer, and whereA Cit in the atomized sprays are maintained substantially` central with relation to the current of air, notwithstanding any increase or diminution in the volume ot air resulting from the manipulation oi the air controlling valve, thus insuring at all times a uniform or. thornv or concentrating the suction effort, in starting up, upon the atomizer, thereby insuring the formation of an ex plosive charge at once, and also clearingout any ob'- struction that may exist in the atoinizer.`

iurth er object oi the invention is to provide means ier maintaining the mixing chamber ol' the carbureter in heated condition, thereby preventing interruption of the apparatus by reason of condensation, and also 40 facilitating aud increasing the efficiency of the adrnixture o air and fuel to forni the explosive charge.

Other obj ccts'of the invention will appear more inlly hereinafter: v

The invention consists substantially in the construction, combination, location and arrangement of parts, all as will -be more fully hereinafter set forth, as shown in the accompanying drawing and Iinally pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawing and to the Figure l is a; view in elevation,.showing a iuel supply reservoir anda carburetor, the, carburetor being in cenf `trai longitudinal section and embodying a construction embracedwithin the spirit and scope o my invention,

` .the parts in section being on the line 1, l, Fig. 2, look various views and reference signs appearing thereon,,

ing in the direction o the arrows. Fig. 2 is a vieu' `in r. l.

elevation, 4looking toward the rightdrand side oi Fig; l, .parts in section on the lino 2, 2, Fig. l,' looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 3 is a view insectiou, on the line 3, 3, o'Fig. 2, looking in the direction o the arrows. .Figi 4 is a view in top plan. o the auxiliary reservoir chambers, a portion of the cap or cover there for being broken out.v Fig. y5 is a fraginentaiy 'View similar to Fig. 4, showing the ducts or passages frein the fuel supply pipe into the auxiliary reservoir chambers or pockets.

The same part is designated by the saine reference sign wherever it occurs throughout the several views.

In the drawing, reicrence sign G, designates a casting forming a casing and including a iuid supply reservoir 7, and an atoniizing chamber il. Formed within 'the atomizing chamber '8 is a cup 9, having a central boss l0, longitudinally through which is a duct or passage ll, with which communicates a duct or passage l2, from the fuel receiver or reservoir 7. The supply of oi uel from the receiver or reservoir 7, to the cup 9, or rather, to the duct or passage l1, is controlled 'by a .Y needle valve 13.

In the practical operation oi apparatus oi thel classv i to which my invention relates, it frequently happens that the fuel employed, sueltas oil for instance, varies in the weight or specific gravity thereof. ll' the supply of the iuel to the carburetor is regulated or adjusted so as to permit a given quantity ol the fuel to be delivered to the carbureter of one Weight or specific gravity, then if a different Weight or specific gravity` oi hiel,` should be supplied to the reservoir or receiver, there is at once introduced a variation in weight or spcciiic gravity of the iuel supply. it is among the special purposes oi my present invention to provide means whereby the supply of fuel to the carburetor may be regulated varied and Controlled according to the spe-` ciiic gravity oi the 'fuel employed, so that the apparatus is adapted for use with fuels o' varying speciiic gravitics, K y and the supply thereof may be regulated according to 95 the specific gravity oi the iuel to maintain a constant I i character and quality oi explosive. charge notwit-hstanding such variation in the specific gravities of the fuels, and in accordance with the principles oi my invention I propose to employ an index and dial iii association with cach other, so as to indicate at a glance v the proper adjustment for any desired specillc gravity oiuel employed. This idea may be embodied in a wide variety oi spe/cie constructions. While, there fore, I have shown and will now describe one construcftion embodying the principles thereof, and which I have found practical and eilcient, rI do not desire to be lixnited or restricted thereto. In the form shown, the needle valve 13, is provided with a shank or stem 1fi, screw threaded, for a portion oi `its length and tapped mto a boss 15, in the main casting 6, the end of stem 14l clamp jaws 19, adapted to receive a clamp screw 20',

whereby said block 18 may be removably-clamped and secured upon the stem 114. Carried by the block I8, isl a pointer or index finger 21, adapted to coperatie' with a graduated dial plate 22, suitably mounted andsecured upon the exterior face of the case 6. A pinor stud' 23 serves to' limit the extent of'rotative movement of the'l pointer 21. The plate 22 is graduated according to ,the varying specific gravities of various kinds ofoi-ls or other fuels employed. In practice I arrange the construction' so that when the pointer 21 bearsagainst the stop pin 23', in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2,- the needle valve 13 is set to accommodate or to control th'e supply of fuel having a: specific gravity 0l say 50. Now, by turning the clamp block 18 inI adirection contrarywise to the travel of the hands of a clock the pointer may be set to correspond with any desired 'specific gravity of oil employed from to 75, or more', as may be desired. The rotation of the clamp block 18 effecting an axial rotation of the stem of needle valve 13, thereby backing the same out of its threaded socket ini boss 15, and hence increasing or varying accordingly the degree of opening of passage 12 into passage 11.

While I have described as an illustrative embodiment of my invention one form of graduated plate and associated pointer, I desire' it to be understood that the illustration and description is merely illustrative, land variations and changes therein may readily occur to persons skilled in the art, and still be included within the' spirit and scope of my invention. The main feature ofmy invention in this respect being that I am erliabled to readily set and adjust the valve ,\:,o as to control the supply of fuel to the' atomizer or to the carbureter according to the specific gravity of the oil errrploycd, thereby adapting the apparatus for ready use in connection with any particular grade, quality or weight of fuel.

-From the duct or passage' 11, the fuel is delivered in to the cup 9, which thereby constitutes an auxiliary reservoir adapted to contain a supply of the fuel in close proximity to the'atomizer and ready to be' drawn upon at the instant such supply is required in the proper starting up, working or operation of the device. This I- regard as another important and valuable feature of my invention for the reason that I thereby avoid irregularities in the operation ol' the engine due to the space of time required to draw a supply of fuel from the reservoir to the atomizer, as is frequently the case, in the practical operation of machinery of this class. By providng the cup 9 it will be seen that I maintain an auxiliary supply of the' mel at a point closely adjacent the atomizer and which supply may be dra-wn upon for instant use, and consequently enables me to operaie anv engine equipped with a carbureter of my invention smoothly and evenly and Without irregularities due to interrupted supplies of thel'uel. 'lhe auxiliary reservoir or cup 9, is closed by a perforated top or cover 24',

. saidtop or cover being bolted or otherwise secured inplace to close the auxiliary reservoir in any suitable or convenient manner, as for instance, by means of the screw bolts 25, see Fig. 4. The perforations 26 are preferably formed through the top or cover 24 closely adjacent the peripheral edge thereof, and through these perforations the fuel is drawn, in the operation of the appal ratns, in' very ne sprays or jets, whereby such fuel becomes atomized for admixture with air to form the explosive charge.

In order to facilitater the atomizing of the fuel I prefer to make the perforations in the top of cover 24 very fine, the size of such perforations depending upon the size' of the air intake, and to' facilitate the atomi-zing process I prefdr to make' th'e perforatioris of contracting diameter from the' inside outwardly, as clearly shown in Fig.` l.

I have found it desirable in practice to divide the c'up' or auxiliary reservoir or chamber 9, into a plurality of separated chambers or pockets indicated at 27, by means of partitions 28,. extending radially from the central boss to the inner Wall of cup' 9, the cup or cover 24 serving`v to complete the isolation of each pocket or chamber from the others', and I provide a duct or passage 29, see Fig. 5, delivering from the passage l1, into each one of the' pockets or chambers 27, and, similarly, I provide a perforation 26, in' the' cap or cover 24, over or communicating with, or delivering from each of the pockets or recess 27. I regard thisI construction and arrangement as a valuable feature of my invention, for the reason that thereby I am enabled to avoid irregularities in the action of the engine,in connection with which a carburetor embodying my invention is employed, due' to irregularities in supply of the fuel to the' carbureter where the engine is employed on moving vehicles or vessels, the rocking or rolling motion of which causes the carbureter to tilt or rock, due, for instance, to the action of wave motion on vessels, or to vehicles passing over rough or uneven ground, or up or down declivities. With aconstruction embodying my invention the fuel supply of one chamber or pocket cannot flow-to another pocket or chamber when the carbureter stands in an inclined position, and therefore a' constant supply of fuel for atomizin'g purposes is provided and maintained in cach pocket or chamber in whatever position of inclination the carburetor may stand. y

`In starting up an engine from a state of rest it is desirab'le to supply an explosive charge as quickly as possible'. Frequently it requires repeated revolutions by hand of the fly wheel in order to sot the carburetor into operation, due to the fact that the supply for the first explosive charge must be drawn, in starting up,

from the main reservoir. Moreover, air may be contained 4in the atomizer, which in the initial stage of starting up must become exhausted before a sufficient supply of oil is furnished to make a proper explosive charge. Again, the perforations in the atomizer may have become clogged or filled through accumulations of oil or other sediment therein. It is among the special purposes of my present invent ion to avoid these various objections and to provide an arrangement whereby/ in the initial operation ol' starting up the enginefa suffi- 'staple Acient supply of oil or fuel is furnished to complete the yli have shown, 4and will now describe one construct ion Which is en, dingly simple and eiiicient, 'l do not desire ti be limited or restricted thereto, as variations therefrom, and in the douille oi construction thereof might readily occur to persons skilled in the art and still fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.

In the p` xticular construction and arrangement which l' have disclosed l arrange the cup or auxiliary reservoir Si in the center of the carburetor chamber 8, and l arrange Within the carburetor chamber a loose sleeve fl-tl, having ali-inwardly projecting flange 3l, of suiicient length to surround the cup9, and for the edge thereof 4to come within close proximity of the peripheral edge oi the top or cover 24 oi the cup, when 'the sleeve 30 is in its lowermost position, as ehowntin iull lines in Figi. This sleeve 30 is free to move longitudinally of the carburcter chamber 8, but normally, or when the machine is out of operation, occuv flange 3l, substantially closing the passage of the air intake the suction effort is concentrated upon the atomizer, and with sufficient power and force not only lto withdraw from the reservoir i), a supply oi oil or other fuel, but also'sufiicient to clear out any obstruction in the periorations of the top or cover 24. 0f course, the continued suction effort will cause the sleeve 30 to rise into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. l, but before this sleeve begins to riseit will have accomplished its function of ,causing the suction effort initially to be concentrated upon the atomizer, with the result that I am enabled to start up the engine without difficulty and with a minimum amount oi eiort in the starting operation, and I secure immediately a sufficient supply of oil to form the'tirst explosive charge. After the machine is once in operation the sleeve 30 is maintained in its raised position.

The carbureter chamber 3 is designed to communicate with the outer air through any suitable or convenient intake opening or ponnection. I have shown an intake pipe or connection 32, through which air is drawn into the carbureter chamber 8, and through crease' or diminution in the volume of the air resulting from the manipulation of air controlling valves, thus insuring at all times a uniform. or thorough mixture of the air and fuel. I

The supply of mixed air and latoniizedy oil forming the explosive charge is delivered from the mining( y chamber or valve chamber 33 to the engine cylinder in any suitable or convenient manner. l have shown ' valves 34, 35, arranged within the chamber 33, the

purpose, and function of which is to control the sup ply 'of explosive mixture to the engine cylinder, thereby controlling the speed of the engine, and hence constituting throttle valves. The particular construction and arrangement of these valves is not of material consequence so ier as the presentA invention is concerned, and therefore a specific description and illustration thereof is uiinecessary.

Diiilculty has been experienced in the practical operation o hydrocarbon engines by reason of the condensation of any Water constituent of the oil employed, or of the moisture contained in the air, and due to variations in temperature of the atmosphere, or of the seasons of the year in which the engines are used. This has`proven a source of considerable practical annoyance, and it is among the special purposes of my present invention to provide means for overcoming this difficulty, and whereby not only is condensation prevented, but any condensation occurring by reason of the engine remaining idle may be quickly overcome in starting up. In carrying out my invenf tion l propose to utilize the exhaust from the engine and to circulate the heated gases from the engine, cylinder around the passage through which the charge of mixed air and iuel passes to the engine before the charge thereof enters the engine cylinder,"and also around the mixing chamber, thereby not only preventing condensation oi any mixture content of the oil or the ai r employed, but also facilitating the proper admixture of the air and fuel, since a better and more ready admixtnre thereof is effected in the presence of heat than without the presence of heat. Many specifically different constructions and arrangements for accomplishingiithis object might readily occur to persons skilled in the art and still fall within the spirit and scope of my invention. While I have, therefore, shown and will now describe one construction and arrangement. embodying the principles thereof, I do not desire to be limited or restricted to the specific construction vvhoh I have shown.

ln the particular iogn which I have selected for :illustration l arrange a chamber 36 within the passage through which the mixed air and fuel passes from the carburetor to the engine, such chamber being inclosed Within the shell or casing 37, forming part oi the shell or casing which surrounds the mixing chamber 33. Into thc space 38, see Fig. 3, surrounding the chamber' 36, and inclosed withink the shell or casing 37, I .con-h duct the exhaust from the engine cylinder through a connection 39, o1' otherwise as may bc Vconvenient.. This space 38, is s :pai-ated from the space 40, in any suitable or convenient manner, as' `for instance, by means of 4the partition plates 4l, thereby in effect forming two heads, 38 and 40, in the space surrounding 125 the chamber 36. Through chamber I armngea number of open ended tubes 42, communicating from one head 38 to the other head 40. Through these tubes bureter may be regulated and controlled. The mixture of air and oil in passing through the chamber 3G circulates around the pipes 42 while the heated gases from the exhaust of the engine circulates through such pipes, and also around the chambers 36 and 33, thereby not only more perfectly mixing up the air and oil `by reason of the obstructionsI which the pipes 42 present, but also expanding and attenuating the oil vapor' and the air by reason of its becoming heated, and consequently forming a more perfect and uniform explosive charge, while at the Haine time eliminating or evaporating any moisture content of the air or oil, and preventing the deposit of any condensation withirr the carbureter. By this preliminary heating a more thoroughly mixed explosive charge is finally delivered into the explosion chamber of the engine cylinder' and in bett condition to perform its work when' the charge i is exploded, and by' circulating the esplosive charge around and between the pipes 42 such charge is heated throughout the entire body thereof instead of merely upon the exterior siri'ace of the current, as would be the-case where merely a heating jacket for the passage is employed.

In practice and ir order to facilitate the manufacture oi' a carbureter emb `)dying my invention, and as above noted, the casting in which is formed the fuel reservoir 7, and the caibureter, is formed in one integral piece, and, for thefsame reason, the casing 37, which incloses the valvfdhamber and the heating chamber,

. I is also made in onwpiece, and adapted to be bolted or otherwise secured to the casting 6.

li' desired the all' intake 32 may be connected to the curburct or chamber in any convenient manner adapted to permit. such air intake to be swung or directed in esame any desired direction. I have shown a simple arrangement wherein the air intake 32 is screw threaded on to the carbureter chamber. 1

It is believed that the operation of a carbureter embodying the principles of my invention will be readily understood from the foregoing description taken in conment thereof, and of the best mode in 'which I at present contemplate carrying out my invention, and having explained such construction, its purpose, function and mode of operation, what I claim as new and useful and of my own invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isz- 1. in a cnrbureter d casing having anatomizing chamber a closed cup arranged within said chamber, said cup having: separated pockets, means for supplying fuel to said pockets, the cover of said cup being perforated.

:2. in a carbureter a casing having an atomizing chamber. a cup arranged within said chamber-and having a. perforated top or cover therefor', said cup being separated into pockets. the perforations of said top or cover registering with euch of said pockets, and means for delivering fuel hito each of said pockets.

:L [n a curbureter a casing having an atomizing chamber. a cup arranged within said chamber and having a central boss. said boss having a passage therethroc'rh adapted to communicate with a source of fuel suppiy, a pei'- v ,fention and a construction as anf operative embodiv formed top or cover for said cup, partitions arranged within said cup to divide the same into pockets', a duct leading from the passage in said'boss into each of said pockets. a perforation ot' such top or cover registering with each of said pockets.

in testimony whereof i have signed my name to this specilication, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, i on this mi day of June D. 190e.

LARS ANDERSON.

Witnesses IC. ii. Minimi, S. ii. l'mrmr.

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