US859387A - Centrifugal emergency-governor. - Google Patents

Description

mi swiss?. I ATEN'TBD JULY 9, 19o?. o. JUNGGREN. @Mmmm EMERGENCY GGVERNQR.

AJELIOATIGN ILLEB DEG. 3, 1566.

'2 SEEETS-SHET 1.

UNITED STATES OSCAR JUNGGREN, OF SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK,

PANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW- YORK.

,PATENT orrron.

ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COM- GENTRIFUGAL EMERGENCY-(revelation.

Nassass'r.

Patented July 9, 1907. l

Be it known that I, OSCAR JUNueREN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal Emer gency-Governors, of which the following is aspecification. A

The invention relates to centrifugal governors comprising a ring-shaped weight mounted slightly eccentric to the driving shaft and arranged to increase the eccentricity against the action o f a spring and actuate a regulator when the speed. increases beyond a predetermined point.

It also relates to the mechanism controlled by the. governor for 4releasing a shut-off valve. i

One object of my invention is to' improve the construction ofv governors of the type mentioned whereby they are easier to balance, and cheapening their construction, and also by so arranging the parts that the governorl can be applied to or removed from ashaft with the minimum expenditiire of labor.

' A further `object' is to improve the construction of the valve-releasing mechanism actuated by the governor.

Inthe accompanying drawing, which illustrates one embodiment of my invention, Figure l is a transverse section of a turbine shaft showing the governor mounted v in place; Fig. 2 is a view in section of the spring and also' the guide-pin case; Fig; 3 is a view in elevation of the same; Eig. 4 is 'a detail view of a suitable valve arranged to co-operate with the governor; and Figs. 5 and 6 are views of springs.

l represents the driving shaft which may be the main shaft of a turbiiie or 'other engine or a low-speed governor shaft driven thereby. Surrounding the shaft is a split collar 2, the said collar being clamped to the shaft by the bolts 3. In addition to this,' screws 4 areprovided that enterthe shaft and prevent the'collar from turning independently thereof. The collar is also provided with tapped openings, the members of which are situated diametrically opposite..A Thesev openings are arrange'dto receive the guide-pin 6 and the-spring-pin 7. I may provide a number of pairs of-openings so that these pins can be mounted in' the ring in such a position as to rendrthe parts readily accessible for the purpose of inspection or repair, and also to permit of l the valve-actuating member being located at the most convenient and accessible point. 2.

Surrounding the collar and `supported by they pins 6 and 7 is a ring 8 that forms the moving memberor weight ofthe governor. The -path of movement of the weight is-transverse to the axis of the shaft. The ring is :guided at two points on opposite sides of the shaft bythe flanges.on the split collar. It is made two parts 9 and l0 to facilitate assembling and removing and -further, by simplifying I the governor fromthe shaft. The parts of the ring are united on one side of the shaft by the spring case l1, the latter having slotted slugs on opposite sides to receive the ends portions of the parts of the ring. In each of these lugs are formed two or more holes to receive retaining screws or rivets for holding'the parts together. The outer surface of the spring and/ guide cases may with advantage be made hexagonal or of some other irregular shapey having projections such as l2 that can be chipped off if necessary to balance the paits of the governor. Located within the spring case and resting4 on the inner end thereof isA acomp'ression-springlS. The outer end of the spring engages a washer 14 which is seated on the nut 15, the latter being screw-threaded to the pin 7 On the pin 7 is an adjusting nut 16A/arranged to limit the inward movement of the governor ring 8. By changing the position of this nut', the critical speed at which the governor will act can be changed. It is preferable to locate the inner end of the spring 13 as near to the axis of the shaft' as possible in order to reduce toa minimum the effects on said spring due to centrifugal force.

I The opposite ends of theyparts of the ring are united by the guide case 17, the latter having slotted projec tions on oppositesides to receive the adjacent 'ends of the parts of thering. The guide andparts'of the ring are suitably united by screws or rivets. The guide 17 -is bored centrally to receive the guide-pin 6 and'may be provided with a hardened bearing surface. lBy preference the spring case ll and the guide case 17 have the same weight,A so as to facilitate the balancing of the governor. Ordinarily these partswilll be weighed sep- .arately and metal added to or taken from' one of the parts until they are both exactly alike. For example, in order to add kweight a screw-threaded plug can be inserted in the guide case. .The center'of the ring 8fis located eccentric to the axis ofthe shaft.A In the pres'- ent insta'nce'the center of the ring is offset one-sixteenth ,of an inch fronfthe center of the shaft whenthe parts are stationary, but this can be increased or decreased to meet the conditions of service. The ring moves outwardly when the speed of the shaft exceeds a predetermined limit andthe centrifugal. force exerted by the ring due to the unbalanced arrangement overcomesto a greater or less extent the stresstof the spring I The periphery o f the .ring is turned smootln and lo ycated at a point adjacent theretol andv engaging the periphery vis a lock-releasing lever 19.I The lever 19 is substantially U-shaped and is pivotally supported in the standard 20, the latter being secured to or forming a partof the wheel casing of the Iturbine or otherv support. Co'perating with the lever is a rod 2l moving in a suitable guide 22 carried by the standard. This rod may act on the shut-ofi valve 23y either by a lOO push or a pull as desired. v In thel present' arrange- 110 in Fig. 4.

ency of the rod to move locking device. In the present embodiment. this de vice comprises a member 28 on the rod and a trigger 29 which for convenience on the lever 19. The rod 21 in\this case is normally Mounted on a sleeve carried by the arm 25 is a latch 30 which normally supports the weight 31 and is held in the position shown by the spring 32.

under tension.

When the weight drops half of which is shown,

valve is opened by suitable means which need not be specifically described.

trigger and the tion of the spring 27.

and close the valve.

sure its operation.

supporting it holds the leasing of the weight is 27, and that the latter is trigger 29. Various suggest themselves to be incorporated Attention is directed spring I3; since it forms invention. The,pin 7 is threaded which the inner end is upset On the outer end of the tension of ing out.

nut l5 for varying It will, thus be seenthat theweight on the shaft and not by the ring or that in balancing t e latter the spring-doesnot have vto be considered.' The spring isv breaks only the effect oi oneturn| is lost and not the whole spring which In order to compensate for the weight of thepn, spring and adjusting nutsl and i6', the guide pin 6 is locate .governor inoperative.

in addition I add metal The action. of my improved mechanism is as follows When the speed of the main or governor shaft as the case may be reaches a predetermined point the ring will travel in the path indicated by the broken-anddotted line. This causes the lever -19 to release the rod 21 moves to the right under the ac- The end of the upper -bellcrank lever shown. in dotted lineswill then strike the end 34 of the latch whic it toward the valve spindle and causing the opposite end to release the weight permitting the same to fall Between the end of the lever 26 and the lower end of the ing a lost-motionl so ,that the upper end of the lever 26 will strike the latch with a hammer blow and in- This action also moves the endr of the lever 19 out of the path. oi ber 28 riding on the trigger andextension 'of the lever lever 1.9 out of weight, thus preventing successive blows to the valvereleasing mechanism. It will be noted that the rerestrained from acting by the modifications of this will readily those skilled in the art, and may without departing from my invention.

For the purpose of illustration the valve is shown in elevation instead of in plan which wouldbe the natu. ral arrangement with the vertical governor shaftshown.

oi the spring is taken care of by the collar itself slightly heavier on the sideopposite the spring, ork the collar may be provided with screw-threaded holes to receive one or more plugs for balancing purposes. This construction also `results in bringing the Aspring close to the shaft wherethe centrifugal effects thereof are minimized. With a construction of this kind the effects oi centrifugal force on the turns of the springy act accumulatively; that is to say, the force due to one turn is transferred to the next and from that Mounted ou the all times. The tendis normally prevented by a the larger part of the outer turn to rest against the lwasher 14 adjacent effect of a turn 'or a part of a turn to come this I arrange the spring in such .manner that the effect of the turns successively increase. This may be done in a variety of ways of which two are shown in Figs. 5 and 6. In the first-mentioned ligure the turns are more widely separated at the outer than at the inner end. In the last-mentioned figure the same effect is obtained by making the spring conical. I may use| round, square or other suitably shaped stock for this purpose. In

and simplicity is mounted be lost.

it -collapses the toggle 33 a and shuts the valve. The

Fig. 6 it will be seen that the washer under the adjusting screw is provided with a tongue which enters a groove in the bore oi the spring containing case. The washer is provided with a number of threaded holes. Aiter the nut is adjusted a screw is inserted through the nut into the washer and the tongue on the latter will prevent the parts from turning accidentally and thereby changing the effective speed at 'which the governor operates.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the yprinci-ple of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof, but I desire to have it .understood thatthe apparatus shown is onlyiliustrative, ventioncan be carried out y other means.

h holds the weight, moving latch is a short space formthe weight and the' memthe Paihf the' What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters rI-atent of the United States, is,- l 1. in a governor of the character descrbed,'the combiaccomplished by the Spllllg nation of a rotating shaft, a divided ring surrounding the vices for uniting the parts of the ring, a spring for opposing th'e eccentrc'movement of the ring, and a guide for the ring.

2. In a governor nation of a. shaft,I a divided and forming the movable weight, means parts of the ring, a guide-pin and spring of said means, and a guide-pin mounted said means. W

3. In a governorof the character described, the combination of a rotating shaft, o. split collar mounted thereon and having holes therein, pins mounted in the"holes vhch act as guides, one of said pins also acting as n'ixedabuf.- ment for a spring, a divided ring surrounding the collar,V spring and guide cases for uniting the parts of the ring, and a spring located within one of the cases, the .said plus lentering the cases. v

4. In` a governor of the character described, the combination of a shaft, a divided ring surrounding the shaft, which is eccentrically disposed with respect thereto, a spring case for uniting ,the adjacent ends of the parts of the ring, a guide ense for uniting the other ends of the' parts of th'e ring, a spring located within the spring case and as near to the axis ot the shaft as possible to minimize the effects of centrifugalforce, n means for adjusting tbe tension of the spring, :rnd a guide-pin for the ring situated on the side of 'the shaft opposite the spring andcntering the guide.

.of the character described,`the combiring surrounding the shaft for uniting the mounted in one in the other of to the arrangement of the an' important feature oi the to the collar after' to prevent it from workthe pin is an adjustable lthe governor spring. the centrifugal effect due to weight membeil so oi the' compression would render diediarnetiically opposite, and either by makingtho collar to the next succeeding turnand so on. This-causes shaft und eccentrically located with respect theretoX dev the nut 15, thereby causingrlfthe'' To over,

and that the inesoneri' 5. In a governing mechanism of the character described. -the combination of a shaft, a divided ring surrounding the shaft and forming an ecccntrically-disposed Weight member, spring and guide cases oppositely located and having slotted lugs for uniting the parts ot the ring, a guide-pin secured to and rotating with the shaft which enters one of the cases, a second pin also secured to the shaft and entering the other case, and a spring located in one of the cases and acting through the pin therein to oppose any increase in the eccentricity of the weight member.

(3. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a shaft, a flanged collar In'ounted thereon, a divided ,ri-ng ccccntrically mounted with respect to the shaft. members for uniting 'the parts of the ring which are oli-substantially equal Weights. guides for the ring formed on the collar, and a spring for opposing any increase in the eccenlricity of the ring.

7. In a governor of the character described, the combination of a split ring eccentrically-located with respect to the governor shaft, means for uniting the parts of the ring which are provided with 'projections lthat are adapted to be chipped 01T to balance the ring. and a spring for opposing 'the increase in eccentricity of the ring.

8. In a governor of the character described, the combination of a support driven by a shat, a ruig-shaped weight surrounding the shaft and divided into parts, cases for uniting the ring, guide-pins located in the cases, a spring located in one of "the cases for opposing the tendency of the ring to move to an eccentric position with respect to the shaft axis, and a means for adjusting the tension of the spring located within the spring-containing case.

il. In a governor ot the character described, the combination of a ringsurrounding a shaft and eccentrically loY cated with respect thereto, a spring opposing the tendency o1' the ring to assume a position of greater eccen tricity, a pin which is carried by the shaft and enters the ring, a nut on the pin between the ring and the shaft which regulates the speed at vwhich the ring becomes effective to perform Work. and a Second nut also on the pin for adjusting the etfectiveaction of the sprin".

10. In a governor ofthe character described, the combi4 nation of a shaft, a divided ring eccentrically located` with respect to the shaft, means uniting the parts of the ring, a spring opposing the tendency of the ring to assuine a position of greater .greater cccentricity,

eccentricitv, and a pi'n carried by the shaft, which supports the spring and receives the stresses thereon duc to centrifugal force.

1l. In a governor of the character described, the combination of a shaft, a ring which surrounds the shaft and occupies an eccentric position, and a coiled spring which opposes the tendency of the ring to assume a position of the said spring being so constructed and arranged that the eiective action of the turns increases :troml one end to the other.

12. In a governor of the character described, the combination of a shaft, a ring which surrounds the shaft and occupies an eccentric position, and a lcoiled spring which opposesV the tendency of the ring to assume a position of greater eccentricity, the said spring having its turns more widely spaced at the outer than the inner end.

13. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a speed governor, a valve, an .actuator for closing the valve, a device which normally' prevents the actuator from acting, a means which tends at all times to move"the device, and a rod in tension which holds the means from operat4 ing and is released by the speedaesponsive device.

14. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a speed governor, a valve, an actuator therefor, means normally preventing the actuator from operating, a controlling mechanism forvthe actuator including a spring, a longi tudinally movable rod and a lost-motion connection, a governor-actuated latch which releases said mechanism, and a means for holding the latch out of the path of the governor after the actuator is released.

15. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a governor, a valve. a weight for closing the valve, a latch restraining the weight, a spring acting 'through a lost motion to release the latch, a rod in tension and connecting means to hold the spring under stress, a trigger for releasing the rod and spring to permit the latter to work, a means actuated by the governor to release the trigger, and a device to keep the means out of the path of the governor after being struck thereby.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 28th day of November, 1906.

OSCAR JUNG'GREN.

Witnesses:

ALEX. F, MACDONALD, BENJAMIN B. HULL.

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