US858500A - Elastic-fluid turbine. - Google Patents

Description

UNITED. 'smilies-PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES W. DAKE, OF.GRAND.. RAPIDS, MICHIGAN.

Emericanoni- TUnBrNiE.

- To all'whom 'it maycmserrz: f*

Be it known that I, CnAnLE's W. DARE, a citizen of the United States,` residing at thecity of Grand Rapids,

lcountyof` Kent, and State-of'Michigan, have invented.. certain` new and yuselul kImprovements in Elastic-Fluid Turbines, oi .which the following is a specification.

invention relates' improvements in elastic 1 5 against the walls ofthe vanes or buckets'. It is also deu sirable tofconine the space within the vane buckets to g secure the most effective action when completed.

It is the object of this invention, first, to provide an improved construction of turbines in which the fluid is deliveredmost effectively into the buckets. Second,

to provide an improved construction and arrangement 'oi the parts foravoiding eddy currents within the buckets.

.Further objects, and objects relating to structural details, will definitely appear from the detailed description to follow.

I accomplish the objects of my` invention by the devices and means described in the following specification.

The 'invention is clearly dened and pointed out in the claims.l

A stmcture embodying thefeatures of my invention is clearly 'illustrated in the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification in which,

Figure 1- is a detailed sectional view showing the former arrangement of nozzles and buckets of the -shaped form. Fig. 2 is a detailed sectional viewof my invention asu-sed with the full recurve U-shaped bucket. Fig. 3 isa detailed sectional 'view of my invention as 40 .used U-shaped buckets forming a part of my application for patent filedthe 22iv1dday oi March, 1906,

' Serial No. 307,457. Fig. 4 is a detailed sectional view taken on the irregular line X-X of Fig. 2, showing the stepped form of buckets 2; Fig. 5 is a detailed sectional View of my invention as used with Urshaped buckets,

the walls of which are but partly cut out or reduced. Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing a modification of my invention, 'the form of the mouth oi thenozzle being shownQon right angle lines. Fig. 7 is a detailed sec- 5D :cionaliview of my invention as used 'with double U- shaped buckets.

In theI drawings, similar numerals .of reference refer tosimilar parts throughout Athe several views. Referring to the numbered parts of the drawing, the turbine wheel 1 is of a usual forn'i 'having the buckets formed on its periphery."I The buckets 2' are'of the U.'

specification of Letters patent. .Application iiled September 4, 1906. Serial NQ- 883,267-

- Patented July 2, 1907.

shaped reculrved type. `The buckets may be on the periphery of the wheel or element or they may be on the side of the same. The ,buckets arefshown on the side in Figs. Zand 6.`

The nozzle 3 is formed on a nozzle block 7 for delivering the elastic iiuid to the turbine buckets and a' discharge opening or clearance 4 is on the opposite side of the block 3. The block 3 may be a complete ring or it may be made in sections or be a partial ring. The nozzle has a short side at 5` and a longer side at 6, the longer side projecting well down into th e bucket, and the block has a projection 7 which 'extends down well toward the bottom of the bucket .to form a comparatively narrow space in the bottom thereof. T he bucket is notched or cut down at 8 to accommodate the projection 7.

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The exit passage at 4 is considerably larger than the nozzle. rThis formation ofthe block and bucket is best secured by forming anv annular groove in the turbine which cuts away the central part of the division walls between the buckets andallows the side walls of the same to project. I The exit 4 can be turned back substantiallyparallel with the nozzle 3, or, in certain types, can deliver out at the side of the turbine lasl appears most clearly in Fig. 3.

The preferred form of the bucket and nozzle blocks appears in Fig. 2, where the annular groove and the projecting part are curved. Substantially the same result, however, would be accomplished by an angular formation as appears'in Fig. 5, where `the parts are beveled or' by a right-angledconstruction, as appears in Fig. 6. In Fig. 7 I show a double construction with the exhaust out at the sides of the buckets. T his has some advantage in that it increases the area for 'the action of the steam or elastic ffluid when a simple turbine is 'employed in place of a compound." This double construction also secures a perfectly balanced-turbine, there being no thrust produced.

In Fig. 1, as illustrated, what might be called an ordinary arrangement of the buckets and nozzle, withoutV the oblique opening to the nozzle, is shown and it will there be seen that the steamer iuid entering thebuckets from that' nozzle will have to travel much farther from the point of the nozzle bn the inner side before it actsthan it does on the outer side, and this affords opportunity for eddy currents to form and greatly interferes with the eiciency of the turbine. 'The nozzle 3 there delivers straight in presenting different velocity and expansions frornthe same nozzle in the recurved buckets and, as the 'nozzle block does not project down intothe bucket, there is a chance for the formation of eddy currents within the bucketl itself, otherwise a considerable volume of steam is lost and the eiciency of thieturbine. interfered with.' v

In my invention, .both sides of the nozzle 3 are almost-oi equal distance from the. curved wall of the bucket 2 in thedirection of the flow of the fluid, and consequently the fluid will impact the curved Wall of the bucket 2 with almost equal force at all points from the mouth of the nozzle, and also by reason of this there can be no eddy currents, as with the old form oi bucket and nozzle, because thenozzle 3 delivers the fluidV nearer to the curved wall ofthe bucket 2 and also by reason oi the ring or projection 7 extending intothe scallop or grooves in the side walls of the bucket, thus confining the i'iuid more closely to the curved walls of the said buckets. The passage of the iiuidxthrough the nozzle, bucket and enit passage is-.clearly shown by the arrows'theren. y v

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is.: f

1. Inan elastic iiuid turbine engine, the'combination of a turbine wheel with buckets of the U-shaped typel in the -periphery thereof, having an annulaigroove cut through the buckets so that the separating walls of .the buckets are reduced inheight; yand a nozzle and passage block with projections entering the annular groove formed in the said buckets, the nozzle being formed in the block with along and short side, the longer side projecting towards the bottoml ofthe buckets,l coaeting for the purpose specified. 4

2. In lan elastic fluid turbine' engine, vthe combination of a turbine wheel with, buckets of the Uf-shaped type therein, having an annular groove cut 'through the buckets so that the separating' 'walls of the buckets .are reduced in height; andy a nozzle and passage block with projectlons'e'ntering the annular groove formed in` the said buckets,-the nozzle being formed in the block with u long und short side, the longer side projecting towards the bottom of. the buckets, coactiug for the purpose specified.

3. In an elastic iiuid turbine, a turbine wheel or rota- 'table element; U-shaped buckets; and a nozzle to deliver uid to the buckets, said nozzle having its side nearest to vthe center of the buckets extending beyond its outer side in the direction of the fluid iiow, concting for the purpose specified. i 4. In an elastic uid turbine,l a turbine wheel or rotatable element 1; a 'll-shaped bucket 2; n nozzle having a short wall and an extending wall 6; a reduced space S; and a. projection 6, coacting forA the purpose specified.

5. In an elastic fluid turbinefa rotatable element 1f; and buckets 2, in combination with a nozzle 3, having an extended wall 6, arranged within .a groove through the bucket Walls coacting for the purpose speciiied. 4 i

6. In an elastic fluid turbine, a rotatable element; and e. nozzle for delivering fluid tothe rotatable element, said nozzle having one side extended into e. groove in the rotatable element, for the purpose speciiied.

7. 1n an elastic iiuld turbine, a'turbine wheel having U-shaped buckets; and a. nozzle formed to deliver a jet of uid later from its side nearest the center of the bucket than at-its side farthest therefroxn, for the purpose specified. In witness whereof,` I have hereunto set my hand and seal in the presence ot two witnesses.

Witnesses V FRED L. CHAPPELL, O'ris A. EARL.

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