US854707A

US854707A - Automatic firearm.

Info

Publication number: US854707A
Application number: US30063206A
Authority: US
Inventors: William Mason
Original assignee: Winchester Repeating Arms Co
Current assignee: Winchester Repeating Arms Co
Publication date: 1907-05-21
Anticipated expiration: 1924-05-21

Description

No. 854,707. PATENTBD MAY 21, 1907. W. MASON.

AUTOMATIC FIRBARM.

APPLICATION FILED TBB. 12, 1906.

8 SHEET :1 HEBT l.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATENTED MAY 21, 1907.

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W. MASON. AUTOMATIC FIREARM. urucmron HLED rms. 12, 190e.

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PATENTBD MAY 21, 1907.

W MASN AUTOMATIC FIRBARM.

nrmcumx funn 113.12. 190e.

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No. 854,707. PATENTED MAY 21, 1907 W. MASON.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

Arrmonrou rlLnn 223.12, 190e.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 4 fur Mums uns m, wnmpmw u. c

No. 854,707. PATBNTBD MAY 21; 1907. W. MASON.

AUTOMATIC PIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED 213.12, 1908.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

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No. 854,707. PATENTED MAY 21, 1907. W. MASON. AUTOMATIC PIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED PZB.12, 190B.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

PATENTED MAY 21, 1907.

W. MASON. AUTOMATIG PIREARM.

APPLICATION rILnn rm. 12, 190e.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

No. 854,707. PATENTED MAY 21, 1907` W. MASON. AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

APPLIGATIOH FILED rms 12. 190e 8 SHEETS-SHEET 8 WILLIAM MASON, OF NEW HAVEN,

CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THF WINCHESTER REPEATING ARMS CO., OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT A CORPORATION.

AUTOMATIC FIREAFGNI.

and useful Improvement in Automatic Firel arms; and I do hereby declare the following when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in

Figure 1l a broken view in right hand side elevation of a gun embodying my invention and represented as closed. Fig. 1a a broken sectional view on the irregular line .r-y of Fig. 1, showing the trigger-lock. Fig. 2 a broken plan view showing the same portion of the gun. Fig. 3 a broken view partly in vertical longitudinal section and partly in elevation, looking into the gun from its right hand side and showing it closed. Fig. 4 a broken view partly in vertical longitudinal section and partly in side elevation, this view constituting, in effect, an extension of the forward end of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 a broken view partly in plan and partly in horizontal section, and made with particular reference to showing the locking-slide latch and the holtstop functioning as a cartridge-indi cator. Fig. 6 a view corresponding to Fig. 3 but showing the action-mechanism recoiled as after firing. Fig. 7 a view corresponding to Fig. 4 and virtually constituting an extension of Fig. 6, the parts being shown in the positions taken when the action mechanism is recoiled as after firing. Fig. 8 a view corresponding to Figs. 3 and 6 but showing the gun open. Fig. 9 a view in vertical cross section on the line a-b of Fig. 3. Fig. 10 a corresponding view on the line c-d of Fig. 3 showing the magazine closed. Fig. 11 a corresponding view on the saine line, showing the magazine open with a clip inserted into the clip-hol er preparatory to charging the magazine. Fig. 12 a view on the line e-f of Fig. 3 looking at the front end of the receiver which is shown in elevation. Fig. 1.3 a view in vertical cross-sec- Ation on the line g--e of Fig. 4. Fig. 14 a detached view in front elevation of the trig- Specication of Letters Patent. Application filed Februarv 12,1906. Serial No. 800,632.

ger-guard. Fig. 15 a detached view in vertical longitudinal section, of the receiver,

Tatented May 21, 190'.

looking into the same from right to left a showing it stri ped. Fig. 16 a detacl plan view of t e receiver. Fig. 17 a i tached view of the receiver in front ele tion. Fig. 18 a VviewV thereof on the line i of Fig. 15. Fig. 19 a detached reverse p view of the barrel-extension. Fig. 20 a p view thereof. Fig. 21 a view thereof in ri,| hand side elevation. Fig. 22 a view ther in front elevation. Fig. 23 a view thereol rear elevation. Fig. 24 a view thereof vertical longitudinal section, looking fr right to left. Fig. 25 a corres onding v lookin from left to right. ig; 26 c( bines etached views in right hand side vation, in lan and in front and in rear i vation of t e rotary breech-lock. Fig. 2 detached plan view of the breech-bl( Fig. 28 a view thereof in vertical longiti na section, looking from right to left. l 29 a view thereof in rear elevation. Fig a detached plan view of the lockingsl Fig. 31 a view thereof in right hand side vation. Fig. 32 a view thereof in rear vation. Fig. 33 a view thereof in front vation. Fig. 34 a detached plan view of locking-slide link. Fig. 35 a detached 1 view of the action handle. Fig. 36 a r thereof in side elevation. Fig. 37 a r thereof 'in rear elevation. Fig. 38 a i thereofV in front elevation. Fig. 39 a tached plan view of the cartridge indica Fig. 40 a view thereof in rear elevation. 41 a detached view of the magazine-la Fig. 42 a side view of the magazine-l: plug. Fig. 43 a detached plan view of trigger. Fig. 44 a view thereof in right h side elevation. Fig. 45 a detached plan i of the sear. Fig. 46 a view thereof in r hand side elevation. 'Fig 47 a detached' view of the front unlocking-lever. Fig.l view thereof .in right hand side eleva1 Fi 49 a detached pl'an view of the rear loc `ng lever. Fig. 50 a view thereof ini hand side elevation. Fig. 51a plan vie the ejector. Fig. 52 a view thereof inj hand -side elevation. Fig. 53 a view'thi in front elevation. Fig. 54 a viewmthelir'erear elevation. Fig. 55 a view in rear el tion of the swinging magazine stripped. 55u a detached view of the magazine in elevation, wi th its rear wall removed to s the double column of cartridges. Fig. view thereof in front elevation. Fig.

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n horizontal section on the line 711-1 of L6, showing the recess in the forward i the magazine for the reception of the nine-latch. Fi. 58 a detached view in elevation of the pivotal clip-holder. 9 a View thereof in side elevation. Fig. )lan view thereof.

invention relates to an improvement in :lass of small arms in which the barrel s at the moment of firing and operates :tion-mechanism in ejecting the spent ind introducing a loaded cartridge-into L11-chamber, the object being to produce .pact and reliable arm constructed With Vi'ular reference tothe employment of a iagazine adapted to be loaded from th these ends in view my invention conn a gun having certaln details of conf fion and combinations of parts as will be iafter described and pointed out in the carrying out my invention as herein 1, I emp oy a recoiling barrel 2 provided 'd its breech end with a depending i-like lug 3 having a central opening to Ve a tubular guide-rod 4 the rear end of i is threaded for being screwed into the ,rd end of the receiver 5. The operat- )ring 6 of the gun encircles the rear porf the rod 4 and is abutted at its rear end st the receiver and-at its forward end st the rear face of the lug 3 which rides and forth upon the rod as the barrel reand returns to its normal position. The ird end of the rod extends through and )rts the forward end of the forearm 7 the Lnid of which is supported'in the usual ier by the front end of the receiver. A i applied to the extreme forward end of orearm holds the same back in'place. .its forward end the forearm is formed a recess 9l for the reception of a sleeveuffer 10 mounted upon the forward end e rod 4 and located in position to be enl by the forward face of the lug 3 when iarrel is returned to its normal position ie operating-spring 6.

e barrel 2 is mounted in the forward end barrel-extension 11 (Figs. 19-23)which back and forth in the receiver 5, the ision being formed with guide ribs 12 ig into corresponding grooves 13 respecy formed in the inner faces of the right left side walls of the receiver. The said ision is formed with a central vertical ige 14 through which the cartridges are ipward into position to be shoved fori into the barrel, this opening being :ed on either side, at its rear end, by car- ;

e-stop ribs

15 and 16 which prevent the 'idges from being lifted upward out of by the spring 17 of the cartridge-carrier This passage 14 is entirely closed by the :h-block 19 (Figs. 27-29) when the gun is closed. The inner face of the side walls of the barrel-extension are formed with corresponding locking-recesses 20 for the reception of the opposite ends 21 and 22 of a rotary breech-lock 23 (Fig. 26) which is mounted upon the locking-slide 24 (Fiffs. 30-33lwl1ieh is formed at its forward end with spiral ribs 25 taking into corresponding grooves 26 leading out of the central opening 27 of thebreechlock 23 and also extendin through a hub 28 formed upon the forwar face of the block and furnished with

grooves

29, 29, for the clearance of the cartridge-

stop ribs

15 and 16 aforesaid when the lock is turned into its unlocked position and is moved back and forth with respect to the barrel-extension. The shock of recoil is taken by the rear faces of the

ends

21 and 22 of the rotary -breech lock 23 and the rear wallsY of the locking-recesses 20 in the extension 11.

For the reception ofthe rotary breech-lock 23, the breech-block 19 is formed with a lateral opening 30 extending throu h it from side to side and having a forwar extension 31 for the reception of the hub 28 of the lock and a rearward extension 32 for the reception of an assembling collar 33 mounted upon the locking slide 24 at a point directly back of the lock 23 and exactly corresponding in width to the length of the hub 28 and the depth of the extension 31. By removing the pin 34 which confines the locking-slide 24 in the breech-block 19, the slide may be pulled back out of the block. The collar 33 may then be removed which permits the rotary breech-lock 23 to be drawn back sufficiently to clear its huh 28 from the extension 31 of the recess 30. When so drawn back the lock 23 may be drawn laterally out of thebreechblock. On the other hand, when the lock 23 has been inserted into the assage 3() and moved forward to enter its ub 28 into the extension 31, the assembling collar 33 is aplied to hold it forward in its proper position.

he top of the locking slide 24 is ormed with a slot 35 receiving a in 34 limiting the` longitudinal movementof) the slide by the engagcment'of its end walls with the opposite faces of the pin.

At its rear end the lookin -slide is connected by a pin 36 with the yo e-shaped forward end of the' lockin -slide link 37 (Fig. 34) the rear end of whic has ball-and-socket connection withthe forward end of a follower 38 located in the upper tang 39 of the gun and operated by a helical action-closing spring 40 which extends `rearward into the butt-stock and which exerts a constant effort throu h the said link 37 to push the slide 24 forward and hence the breech-block 19.l

The breech-block 19 is formed u on its sides with guide-ribs 41, 41, which ta e into corresponding

grooves

42, 42, formed in the inner faces of the side walls of the receiver. The hreeclbblock is also formed with bearing IOO IIC?

surfaces 43. 43. adapting it to ride upon the barrel-extension 11 as sl moving into its closed inore, the breechdilock iown in Fig. S when position. Furthercxtends downward through the vertical passage 1-1 of the barrelextension so as to con ipletely occupy the :same when the block is closed, the lower face 44 of the block engaging for cooking the saine. io The firing pin 46 is with the hammer located in' a central slide 24 recoil togetherfcompressing the spring 40. dien these parts reach the limit o f their rearward excursion, as shown iu Fig. 2o 6. the rear end of the rear unlocking-lever48 is lifted by the spring 49 thereof into engagement with the beveledf orward end of a locking-rib 50 formed upon the rear end of the right hand side of the locking-slide 24, wherez 5 by the locking-slide is ,and retained in its recoiled position.

temporarily caught The operating-spring 6, which was compressed during the recoil, now

operates to pull the barrel-extension 11 forward and with it the 3o breech-block 19,

which in turn imposes enough forward draft upon the rotary breechlock 23 to cause the same to be rotated by the spiral ribs 25 of the locking-slide 24 now firmly held, as stated, by the lever 48, where- 3 5 by the block is turned into its unlocked position in which its ends recesses are cleared from the 2t), 20, in the barrel-extension,

which, being thus released, moves forward with the barrel, leaving the breech-block in 4o the position shown by Fig. S.

J ust before the barrel-extension 11 reaches the limit of its forward movement, a toe 51 depending from its right hand side, engages with the rear edge of' the upper arm of t-he 4 5 front unlocking-lever 52 an upon the hammer-pin rocks the saine 53 upon which it is mounted, and as the lower arm of the said lever 52 enters the forward end of the rear unlocking-lever 4S, the 5o enough to clear its rear same will be rocked end from the lockingrib 50 of the locking-slide 24.

As shown in Fig. S, the lever 4S is just about to release the locking slide which is then moved forward by the spring 40 through the 55 medium of the link 37 into the position in which it is shown by Fig. 3, together with the breech-block; but in order to prevent the locking-slide 24 from moving forward with respect to the breech-block 19 so as to rotate 6o the breech-lock 23 prematurely, l employ a locking-slide latch 54 mounted upon a pin 55 and located in a. recess in the left hand side of the breec h-block. b v the breech-block e 65 ward end of the latch A small spring 56 carried ngages with the for- 5-1. and exerts a constant effort to swing its notched rear e inward into engagement. with the forwt edge of the locking-slide 24. (Fig. 5). Vl' the breech-block 19 is drawn forward by 1 spring 6 with the barretextension 11 for rotation of the breech-lock 23, the latch 5- engaged wit-h the forward end of the slide whereby the breech-block and locking-sl are spaced, as it were, and the locking-sl prevented from moving forward with resti to the breech-block when the two parts being moved forward together bv the acti closing spring 40. This spacing of the lt' ing-slide and breech-block is maintained til after the bieecheblock has reached itsf closed position at which time the rot breech-lock 23 is brought into registra with the two locking-recesses l0 in the bai extension 11. Just as soon as this t: place, the forward end of the latch 54 eng with a beveled surface 57 at the forward of a groove 58 in the left hand wall of the rel-extension 11 (Fig. 5), whereby the ward end of the latch is forced inward agi the tension of the spring 56 and the rear of the latch disengaged from the fori edge of the locking-slide 24 which is ther free to be pushed forward with respect t' breech-block b v the spring 40, this movement of the locking-slide effecting rotation of the breech-lock 23 into its lo position.

A hammer 45 having a hainnier-sprin is formed with a cooking-notch 60 enten the nose of a sear 61 (Figs. 415-46) hung pin 62- also serving for the trigger 63 t 413-44) and mounted in the trigger-gua lower tang 64 which is secured in place rear end by an assembling screw 65. rear eiid of the sear is made blade-likt therefore laterally fiexihle and tennina a lug 66 normally` located directly over i erating surface 67 at the rear right han ner of the trigger. When the trigger is p the said surface 67 lifts directly again lower edge of the lug 66, whereby th end of the sear is lifted and its nose 1 pressed preparatory to moving out 1 cooking-notch 60 in the hammer. sear is being lifted, a fixed pin 69 moui the rear end side wall of the trigger-gu and having the lower face of its proj inner end beveled, is gradually pushi: said hig 66 of the sear inward out of re tion with the surface 67 of the trigg tiexible blade-like rear portion of th springing laterally for this purpose surface 67 lifts against the lug 66 un nose 68 of the sea-r has been moved out cooking-notch 60 in the hammer. Il after this takes place, the pin 69 coi' its work bv pushing the lug 66 inwar of the surface 67 which rises outsidl From this moment, the Sear is no long i trolled by the trigger which cannotag iear for releasing the hammer until i, L of the soar has been returned to il n over the surface 67 of' the trigger. s the trigger has been let go" by E the gun, the trigger-spring 70 op- Iepress the trigger, while the searoperates to depress the scar. As depressed with respect to the pin vel thereof then constitutes a clear allows the blade-like portion of the assert itself and spring from left to ereby the lug 66 is returned to its )sition directly over the surface 'J7 .ng the sear in position to be oper l .i by the trigger, which, however, let go as described, before it can s control of the sea-r after the firing i. In other words, it is imperative 'een every firing of the gun the trig iet go. rIhis is not broadly new in only my particular way of accomhe result. forward end, the trigger is formed .ger 72 (Fig. 44) having a semicircu- 7 3 conforming in curvature to the of a longitudinally movable trig-l 7 4 mounted for transverse movel1ei"orWard-end of the lower tang G4, ith a circumferential groove 75 (Fig. imited in endwise movement by a n 76. In the normal position of the `its groove 75 is registered with the lVhen, however, it is desired to x trigger, the lock 74 is pushed from ght, whereby its groove 7 5 is carried gistration with the notch 7 3 and the ature of the lock brought into ent with the edge of the notch 73 so trigger cannot be pulled. animer is cocked during the rear- ;ursion of the breech-block 19 by the .ent with its firing face, of a cam 77 i at the rear end of the locking-slide .ammer being cammed back against on of the hainmer-spring 59 which is ad with it by a stirrup 79. sure the operation of the sear 61, in its nose 68 into the cooking-notch 60 ammer 45 in case the scar-spring 71 tor any reason, fail to act, I form the at its rear end with a fin SO which, .e hammer is approaching its coc-lied engages directly with the upper the blade/like rear end oi the scar 61 at a point to the rear of the pivot 62 nsures the lifting of the nose 68 of the o osition to enter the cooking-notch e lriannner. rein shown, the gun is provided with ing box-nmgazine S1 (Figs. S5- 56) l in width and depth to receive two columns oi' cartridges which are fed rom above either manually or from a my approved construction. The clip .n shown likel the clips used with the well-kn own Mauscr gun, but I am not, of course, coniined to the use of such clips.

The magazine S1 is provided at its forward end with a trunnion S3 flattened in the horizontal plane and turning in a circular bearinghole S4 formed in the front end of the receiver and entered through a vertical slot 85 made wide enough for the flatwise passage of the trunnion. At its rear end the magazine 81 is provided with a trunnion S6 iattened in the horizontal plane to correspond to the trunnion 83 and turning in a circular bearing-hole 87 (Fig. 14) into which it is entered from below through a vertical slot 8S made wide 'enough to receive it flatwise, the said bearing-hole 87 and slot 88 being located in the forward end of the trigger-guard 64.

To put the magazine into the receiver it is presented thereto at a right angle, whereby its trunnions S8 and`86 are presented Hatwise to the slots 85 and 88 through which they are then entered into the bearing-holes S4 and 87. Now when the magazine is swung upward into any of the positions shown in the drawings, its trunnions are swung across thel slots 85 and 88 in such a way that they are prevented from escaping therefrom T o eonstrict the mouth of the magazine for the central delivery therefrom of the cartridges, I form it with two inwardly inclined bevels S9, 90, extending forward from its rear end, the cartridges in the left hand column being deflected inwardly by the bev'el 89, and those in the left hand column being deflected inwardly by the bevel 90. The cartridges are thus fed one at a time out of the magazinefirst from one column and tlien the other under the upward litt of the spring 17 of the carrier 18 which is furnished at its ends with antifriction rollers 18a riding upon the inclined inner surfaces of the end walls of the magazine. In this connection I wish to particularly point out that the upper end of the magazine, when the same is in its closed position, is so far below any portion of the breech-block 19 that the mavazine may be swung into its open or closed positions entirely irrespective of the position of the block, whereas it the upper end of the magazine were extended up into the path ofthe breech-v blocl, the magazine could then be swung into its open and closed positions only when the breech-block was open or at the limit of its rearward excursion. In .a manually operated gun this might not be objectionable, but in an automatic gun it would involve the objection of compelling the user to open the gun by the exertion of enough efl" ort to overcome the power of its breech-closing spring against which the block. would have to be drawn back to permit the magazine to be I am enabled to make the magazine clear the breech-block at its upper end as described for the reason that I do not IOO nof the magazine.

rely upon any part of the magazine for the retention of the cartridges against the upward lift of the spring 17 of the cartridge-carrier 18, whereas the majority of the box-magazines now in use have the upper ends of their side walls curved inward to form cartridgestops under which the uppermost cartridge is pushed forward horizontally out of the magazine by the lower portion of the front face of the breecltblock. I make the opening and closing of the magazine entirely independent of the position of the breech block, by providing for the stopping of the cartridges against the upward lift of the spring 17 of the cartridge carrier 18, independently As herein shown this provision consists of the cartridge-

stop ribs

15 and 16 located in the barrel-extension 11. When the magazine is in its closed posit-ion, the cartridges are fed entirely out of its upper end and engaged with the lower faces of these ribs which hold the cartridges in position to be picked up by the breech-block and pushed forward horizontally into the gun barrel. The upper faces of these ribs provide for using the gun at any time as a singleloader" whether the magazine is in the gun or not.

To limit the 4swinging movement of the magazine, Iv employ 'a magazine-latch 91 (Fig. 41) "mounted in a plug 92 (Fig. 42) screwed into the front end of the receiver and projecting forward into the forearm 7. At its rear end the latch has a rounded nose 93 adapted to enter a segmental groove 94 (Fig. 56) formed in the front end of the magazine and having

circular depressions

95, 96 at its ends for the reception of the nose 93 which is forced into them by a spring 97 encircling the main body of the latch the movement of which is limited by a stop-pin 98 mounted in the plug 92 and entering a notch 99 in the forward end of the latch. At its rear end the latch is provided with a knurled finger-piece 100 ext-ending outward through a slot 101 in the right hand wall of the receiver to permit the latch to be manually operated for releasing the magazine preparatory to swinging it outward into its open position (Fig. 11) in which it is charged.

For charging the magazine, I employ a pivotal clip-holder 102 (Figs. 58, 59 & 60) having a trunnion 103 entering a hole 104 in the rear wall of the magazine 81 from the rear end of the said opening, the holder 102 leing held in place by the entrance of its middle portion into a vertical slot 105 in the upper right hand corner of the rear wall of the magazine. The outer end of the clip-holder is formed with a clip receiving slot or passage 106 virtfally corresponding in form to the cross sectional form -of a clip. At its lower end the clip-holder is formed with a rearwardly projecting semicircular lug 107 the flat face of whit-his engaged by the free end of a U-shaped spring 108 located in a shall recess 109 in the rear face of the rea-r end the magazine. When the magazine is swu into its open position, the end of the sprir coacting with the Hat face of the lug, opera to swing the clip-holder on its trunnion 1 into the position in which the holder is sho in Fig. 11 in which its passage 106 is alin with the chamber of the magazine. W? the clip-holder in this position, a clip 82 the equivalent thereof, is inserted into the pl sage 106 of the clip-hol der after which the c` tridges in the clip are stripped therefrom i1 the magazine. Now when the magazine swung back into its closed position, as sho` by Fig. 10, the inner edge of the clip-hol( engages with the lower edge of the right ha wall of the receiver at about the point 1 (Fig. 10) whereby the clip-holder is swung its trunnion 103 into its normal position, shown in Fig. 10, against the tension of t spring 108 which is nearly ridden off the f face of the semicircular lug 107.

For access to the magazine for` swinging from left to right into its open position from the position of Fig. 10 to the position Fig. 11-the left hand side wall ofthe i ceiver 7 is formed with a finger-opening 1 (Fig. 15) through which the fingers are serted for pushing the magazine from left right.

To advise the sportsman when the c: tridges in the magazine are exhausted, I e ploy a part- 112 (Figs. 5 & 39) which functic as a bolt-stop but serves as a cartridge in cator, by which term I shall hereafter spe of it. This part is located ina longitudii recess 113 in the right hand side of the bari extension 11 and turns upon a pin 114. spring 115 coacting with its forward end f exerts a constant effort to swing its rear e inward into the path of the forward Vend the bolt 19, but the rear end of the part bei formed with a bevel 116, is engaged by t cartridges as they rise in the magazine such a way that the rear end of the part kept pushed outward against the tension the spring 115 so as to clear the bolt 19. soon, however, as the last cartridge has be `fired and the gun opens as before, the spri 115 asserts itself to turn the part 112 on pivot and throw its rear end into the path the forward movement of the bolt, where the bolt is stopped,thus indicating to the u: of the arm that there are no more cartridg in the gun. In order, however, to provi for closing the gun without putting any m( cartridges in the magazine, I furnish a fing piece 117 projecting through the right ha side wall of the receiver 7 and located in 1 sition to engage with the forward end oft cartridge-indicator 112, the finger-piece hi ing a spring shank 118 by means of whicl is secured in place by ascrew l 19. Ordinar the finger-piece exerts no pressure on the p ch it is held by its spring shank n the finger-piece is p ushed mcomes the tension of its spring le tension of the spring and' nrt 112 on its pivot 114, whereby of the part 112 is removed from the bolt 19 which may then be .rd into its closed position.'

action of the spent lshells upward ejection-opening in the top er, I employ an ejector 121 (Figs. ve) located in a circular chamber ig rearward into the forward end h-block 19. At its forward upie ejector is formed with a notch leception of the lower portion of a spent shell into the path of jector is allowed to rise by the t a notch 124 in the lower face of (Fig. 12) below the center of jector is directly located. For jector its forward impulse, it is an operating.)r lug 125 extending right into the path of a shoulder r at the rear end of the right hand arrel-extension. Just before the sion reaches the limit o1 its fore sion, the shoulder 126 imping'es inst the rear face of the lug 125 .he ejector to jump forward, as it iliver so much of a blow upon the Ls to drive the same upward out For the retention of the ejector is formed with a rearwardly exn 127 having a locking-notch 128 locking-rib 129 formed upon the g. 26) of the breech-lock 23, the ,ing into the groove 128 through tion of the chamber 122 with the ension 31of the opening 30 in the the reception of the breech-lock the breech-lock is turned by the position for removal from the 1 the -rib 129 is brought into regis- 1 the slot 130 leading out of the ch 128, whereby the ejector may twn forward out of the chamber ie other hand, the ejector being in chamber 122, is locked therein by n of the breech lock 23 into its osition. At its forward end the rmed with a depending blade-like (Figs. 52 and 53) having its forbeveled and designed to reach.

ind engage with the top-most cari the same is pressed by the spring trtridge-carrier 18 up against the of the cartridge-stop ribs 15 and arrel-extension l1. This downing of the ejector is made necie fact that the forward end of the k itself does not reach down far engage with the top-most shell mie is stopped by the ribs 15 and.

le located in a plane below the incurved side walls of an ordinary box-maga zine. Therefore the shell is first engaged not by the block itself, but by the finger 121a and pushed forward thereby until its rear end passes the forward end of the ribs 15 after which the shell is lifted up in front of the breech-block proper which then takes it and pushes it into the gun-barrel.-` The extractor (Fig. 3) employed in my approved gun may be of any improved construction. As shown, it consists of a hook 131 located in a recess 132 in the breech block 19, mounted on a pin -133 and operated by a spring 134.

For the loading of the first cartridge into the gun barrel, and for the manual operation of the gun thereafter when necessary, I employ a sliding handle 135 (Figs. 35 to 38) formed at its forward end with wing-like finger pieces 136 which overhang, as it were, the ltop of the receiver on which the handle slides longitudinally back and forth. To secure the handle in place it is formed in its lower face with two parallel undercut grooves 137 receiving corresponding guideribs 138, 13S, formed in the top of the receiver and separated by a slot 139 rovided for the clearance of a lug 140 depen ing from the extreme forward end of the handle in position to engage with the forward face of a lug 141 formed upon the rear end of the locking slide 24, the lug 141 moving back and forth in the slot 139. Under this construction the sliding handle acts only when moved from front to rear, whereby the gun is opened. The forward movement of the sliding handle is limited by means of a stop screw 142 mounted in its extreme rear end and engaging with a shoulder 143 at the forward end lof a shallow groove 144 in the extreme rear end of the receiver. In order that the locking handle may not be displaced by the recoiling of the gun, I provide it with a latch 145 located in a slot 146 formed in its right hand finger-piece 136, this latch being mounted upon a pivot 147 and hooking over the forward end of the right hand guide rib 138, in which position the latch is held by a spring 148. When the handle i`s grasped for its operation, the latch 145 is swung so as to disengage it from the rib 138, thus releasing the handle preparatory to its being drawn backward for opening the gun.

It is apparent that in carrying out my invention some changes from the construction herein shown and described may be made. I would therefore have it understood that I do not limit myself thereto but hold myself at liberty to make such departures therefrom as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of nay-invention.

I claim 1. In an automatic box-magazine firearm, the combination with a receiver, of a recoiling barrel-extension mounted for movement back and forth therein, a recoiling barrel TOO mounted in said barrel-extension, a barrelelosing spring, a breech-closure, a breechclosing spring, a swinging box-magazine constructed to feed the cartridges directly1 up- 5 ward into the center of the barrel-extension, and means independent of the magazine for stopping the cartridges in position to be pushed forward bjv tie breech-closure into the gun-barrel after the)v have been fed out :o of the magazine, whereby the magazine may be swung into its open and closed positions without moving the l' reec.l1closure into its open position against the tension of its spring.

2. In an automatic box-magazine firearm,

the combination with a receiver. of a recoiling barrel-extensionV mounted'therein for movement back and forth, a recoiling barrel mounted in said barrel-extension, a barrelzo closing spring, a. breech-closure, a breechclosing spring, a swinging box-magazine constructed to feed the cartridges directly upward into the center of the barrel-extension, and means carried bv the recoiling barrel-ex- 2 5 tension for sto ping the cartridges in position to be pus ied forward by the breechclosure into the gun-barrel after they have 1neen fed out of the magazine, wherelnv the magazine may be swung into its open and 3o closed positions without moving the breechclosure into its open position against the tension of its spring.

3. In an automatic box-magazine firearm, the combination with a receiver, of a recoiling barrel-extension mounted for movement back and forth therein, a recoiling barrel mounted in said barrel-extension, a barrelclosing spring, a breech-closure, a breechclosing spring, a swinging box-magazine,

4o and cartridge-stop ribs located in the barrel-extension to stop the cartridges in position for being ushed forward by the breechclosure into tie Gun-barrel after they have been fed out of tihe magazine, whereby the magazine may be swung into its open and closed positions withoutmoving the breechclosure into its open position against the tension of its spring.

4. In an automatic box-magazine firearm,

5.o the combination with a receiver having a finger-opening in its left hand side wall, of a recoiling 1oarrel-extension mounted for movement back and forth in said receiver, a lrecoiling barrel mounted in the barrel-extension, a

barrel-closing spring, a breecl'i-closure, a

breech-closing spring, a swinging box-magazine located in an opening formed in the right hand wall of the receiver and accessible for being pushed from left to right into its 6o open position through the said finger-opening in the left hand wall of the receiver and constructed to feed the cartridges directly upward into the center of the barrel-extension, and means independent of the magazine to st op the cartridges in position for being pushed forward by the breech-closure into the gun-barrel after they have been fed out of the magazine, whereb \,v the magazine may be swung into its open and closed positions without moving the breech-closure into its open position against the tension of its spring.

5. In an automatic box-magazine firearm the combination with a receiver, of a rec-oiling barrel-extension mounted therein for movementback and forth, a recoiling barre mounted in the said lnirrel-extension, a barrel-closing spring, a breech-closure, a breechclosing spring, a swinging lex-magazin( adapted in width to receive two vertical columns of cartridges and having its upper en( constricted on opposite sides to feed the sai( cartridges directly upward int-o the center o the barrel-extension, and means independen of the magazine to sto the cartridges in po sition for being pushed forward by th breech-closure into the gun-barrel after thej have been fed out of the magazine, whereb: the magazine may be swung into its ope; and closed positions withoutmoving th breech-closure into its open position agains the tension of its spring.

6. In an automatic box-magazine fnearn the combination with a receiver, of a recoil ing barrel and barrel extension, a breecl closure, a box-magazine and a movable cli} holder therefor.

7. In an automatic box-magazine firearn the combination with a receiver, of a recoi ing barrel and barrel-extension, a breecl closure, a swinging box-magazine, a movab clip holder therefor, t-he said clip holderV bi ing moved into its clip-holding position whe the magazine is swung into its charging pos tion.

8. In a box-magazine firearm, the coml: nation with a receiver, of a recoiling barr and barrel-extension, a breech-closure, a b( magazine, and a swinging clip-holder moun ed thereon.

9. In an automatic box-magazine fireari the combination with a receiver, of a reco ing barrel and barrel extension, a breec closure, and a box-magazine mounted in t'. receiver and provided with a movabl spring-controlled clip-holder.

10. In an automatic box-magazine fireari the combination with a receiver, of a reco ing barrel and barrel-extension, a breec closure, and a swinging box magazine pi vided at its front and rear ends with piv( flattened in the horizontal plane to en* bearing-openings having narrow entrano 11. n an automatic magazine firearm, t combination with the receiver and the tr ger-guard thereof, of a recoiling barrel-i tension mounted in the receiver for mo` ment back and forth therein, a recoiling b rel mounted in the said barrel-extension barrel-closing spring, a breech-closure,`

-elosing spring a box-magazine having l breech-closing spring, a swinging box-magaand forward ends respectively pivthe said receiver and guard and eond to feed the eartridges directly upito the eenter of the barrel-extension, fans independent of the magazine to lle cartridges in position for being forward by the breech-closure into i-barrel after they have been fed from gazine, whereby the magazine mayv be into its open and closed positions t moving the. breech-closure into, its )osition against the. tension of its [n an automatic box-magazine firearm, ibi nation with the re eeiver thereof, of a ig barrel-extension mounted for moveack and forth therein, arecoiling barrel ad in the said barrel-extension, a barrelspring, abreech-closure, a breech-closring, a swinging box-magazine cond to.feed the cartrid ges dire ctlyup'ward e center of the barrel-extension, means ndent thereof for stopping the carin position for being pushed forward breech-closure into the gun-barrel after ive been fed from the magazine, and a. )rholding the magazine inits open and posit-ions, whereby the magazine may .ng into its open and closed positions vt moving the breech-closure into its positions against the tension of its In an automatic box-magazine fire arm, nbination with a recoiling barrel and extension, of a breech-closure, a boxine adapted to be swung into its open )sed positions irrespective-of the posithe breech closure, means carried by id barrel-extension for stopping the ges after they are fedfrom the magalto position to be pushed forward by ech-closure into the gun-barrel, and a ine-latch for holding the magazine in rging and its feeding positions respec- In an automatic box-magazine fire arm, mbination with a recoiling-barrel and extension, of a breech-closure, a boxine adapted to be swung into its open ased positions irrespective of the posif the breech-closure, means carried by trrel-extension for stopping the cari after they are fed from the magazine, iition to be pushed forward by the closure intothe gun-barrel, and a ine latch coacting with the forward the magazine. In an automatic box-magazine firearm, mbination with the receiver thereof, of )iling barrel-extension mounted for nent back and forth therein, a' recoilrrel mounted in the said extension, a closing spring, a breech-closure, a

i zine, means independent of the magazine for g stopping the cart-ridges in position for being pushed forward by the breech-closure into the gun-barrel after they have been fed from the magazine, and a magazine-latch located at the forward end of the magazine and provided with a projecting finger-piece for its manual operation and constructed to hold the magazine in its open and closed positions, whereby thel magazine may be swung into its open and closed positions without moving the breech-closure into its open position against the tension of its spring.

16. In an automatic box-magazine firearm, the combination with a recoiling barrel and barrel-extension, of a breech-closure, a box-magazine adapted to be swung into its charging position, a magazine-latch, and a plug mounted in the receiver and carrying the said latch.

17. In an automatic box-magazine firearm, the combination with a receiver, of a recoiling barrel and barrel-extension, a breechclosure, a swinging box-magazine, a pivotal clip-holder mounted in the rear wall thereof and engaged by the receiver for being swung into its retired position when themagazine is swung into its feeding position, and a spring coacting with the said holder to move it into line with the magazine when the same is swung out into its charging position.

1S. In an automatic box-magazine firearm, the combination with a receiver, of a recoiling barrel and barrel-extension, a breechclosuref a swinging magazine, a clip-holder pivotally mounted in the rear wall of the magazine and provided with a semicircular stud, and a spring also mounted in the magazine and engaging with the flattened side of the stud for controlling the swinging movement of the holder.

19. In an automatic box-magazine firearm, the combination with the receiver thereof, of a recoiling barrel-extension mounted for movement back and forth therein, a recoiling barrel mounted in the said extension, a barrel-closing spring, a breech-closure, a breech-closing spring, a swingingA boxmagazine constructed to feed the cartridges directly upward into the center of the barrelextension, means independent of the magazine for stopping the cartridges in position for being pushed forward bv the breechclosure into the gun-barrel after they have lbeen fed out of the magazine whereby the magazine may be swung into its open and 4closed positions without moving the breechclosure into its open position against the tension of its spring, a guide-rod mounted at its rear end in the receiver and extending forward under the barrel and encircled by the l said barrel-closing spring,a guide lug del pending from the barrel and having the said IIO rod extended forward through it, and a forestock supported at its rear end by the receiver and at its forward end by the rod.

20. In an automatic box-magazine firearm, the combination with a receiver, of a recoiling barrel and barrel-extension, a breechclosure, a swinging magazine adapted to swung into its charging position and formed at one end with a segmental groove, and a IO spring-actuated magazine-latch having a nose adapted to enter the said groove.

21. In an automatic firearm, the combination with a receiver, of a recoiling barrel and barrel-extension, a breech-block, a lockingslide mounted in the breech-block and longitudinally movable independent thereof, and a rotary breech-lock mounted upon the said slide and rotated thereby for engagement with the barrel-extension and breech-block.

22. In an automatic firearm, the combination with a receiver, of a recoiling barrel and barrel-extension, a breech-block, a lockingslide mounted therein and longitudinally movable independent thereof and provided 2 5 at its forward end with spiral ribs, of a rotary breech-lock mounted upon the said slide having corresponding spiral grooves and adapted when rotated to engage with the said locking extension for loc 'ng the same 3o and breech-block together.

23. In an automatic firearm, the combination with a receiver, of a recoiling barrel and barrel-extension, a breech-block, a lockingslide mounted therein and longitudinally 3 5 movable independent thereof, a rotary breech-lock mounted upon the slide and rotated thereby for coupling the barrel-extension and breech-block together, a link pivotally connected with the rear end of the lock- 4o ing-slide, and an action-closing spring operating through the said link.

24. In an automatic firearm, the combination with a receiver, of a recoiling barrel and barrel-extension, a breech-block, a locking- 4 5 slide -mounted therein and longitudinally movable independent thereof, a rotary breech-lock mounted upon the said slide, having bearing in the breech-block and adapted when rotated to coact with the 5o breech-block and barrel-extension for locking the same together.

25. In an automatic gun, the combination with the receiver thereof, of a recoiling barrel and barrel-extension, a breech-closure, a box- 55 magazine adapted to be swung into its open and closed positions irrespective of the position of the breech-closure, means carried by the barrel-extension for stopping the upward movement of the cartridges as they emerge 6o from the upper end of the magazine, and a longitudinally movable ejector mounted in the forward end of the breech-closure, pro- 'ided with an operating lug which is engaged by a shoulder at the rear end of the barrel- 6 5 extension,l and adapted to reach down between the said means and engage with tl topmost cartridge for pushing the same fo i ward until its disengagement from the sai l means when it rises in front of the breecl i closure for being pushed forward theret l, into the gun-barrel. 26. In an automatic gun, the combinati( l with a receiver, of a recoiling barrel and ba Lrel-extension, a breech-block, a locking-sli( mounted therein and longitudinally movab independent thereof, a rotary breech-loi mounted upon the said slide, Coacting wi the said block and barrel-extension for loc ing the same together and having a forward extending hub, an extractor mounted in t breech-block, and a longitudinally movat ejector mounted in the breech-block, havi: its rear end interlocked with the said hub ai provided with an operating lug for engas ment by a shoulder upon the rear end of t barrel-extension.

27. In an automatic firearm, the combir tion with the receiver thereof, of a recoilir barrel and barrel-extension, a non-rotatal breech-block, a non-rotatable locking-sli mounted therein for movement independe thereof, a rotatable breech-block mount upon the said locking-slide and rotata4 thereby when the breech-block starts its f ward movement, and front and rear unlol ing levers, the rear end of the rear lever acting with the locking-slide for holding same at the limit of its rearward excurs and the upper end of the front lever coact with the barrel-extension for the operatioi both levers thereby.

28. In an automatic gun, the combinat with the hammer and trigger thereof, o sear having its rear portion made later: flexible and terminating in a lug coact with the trigger, and means co acting with flexible portion of the sear every time trigger is pulled for defiecting it to clear said lug from the trigger which thus direi controls its own release.

29. In an automatic gun, the combinai with the hammer and trigger thereof, sear having a laterally flexible shank ter nating in an operating lug normally locs above the trigger, and a beveled part of fi location engaging with the said lug for fleeting the same laterally to clear it from trigger with which it can be rengaged after the trigger has been let go.

30. In an automatic gun, the combina with the trigger and the hammer thereof, sear having a rearwardly extending later flexible shank terminating in an opera lug located directly over a portion of the ger in position to be engaged thereby, ai beveled pin mounted in the gun for being gaged by the said lug when the triggi pulled, whereby the sear is laterally dei'le for disengaging the said lug from the tri 'fi which must' bc ,let go" and allowed t( ral position before the trigger he Sear. itomatic gun, the combination ucr having a cooking-notch, of at its front end with a nose to i notch, a Sear-spring, and a :t with the sear, the said hamn istructed to engage as it ap- ;ocked position with the rear scar to insure the entrance of )f into the cooking-.notch in the reby in case the Sear-spring the nose of the sear into. the animer, the hammer itself will ar for the entrance of the nose s notch. ltomatic gun, the combination `er formed in its heel with a and provided at its rear upper t fin or rojection, of a sear front en with a nose to enter 1 and arranged to be engaged i or projection of the hammer ris moved' into its cocked posiar-spring, whereby in case the .ls to enter the nose ofthe scar notch the fin or projection on vill operate the sear and force of to enter the notch. ltomatic firearm, the combinareceiver thereof, of a recoiling [Tel-extension, a non-rotatable a non-rotatable locking-slide ein and longitudinally movable thereof, a rotatable breechupon the said locking-slide and reby when the breech-block ard movement, an action-closlnected with-the said slide to ne forward and so rotate the 1g 'the breech-block to the, barand alocking-slide latch pivotin the breech-block for locking .defa't the limit of the rearward .'eo utomatic gun, the combination .ver thereof, of a recoiling-barel-extension, a non-rotatable a non-rotatable locking-slide ein and longitudinally movable hereof, a rotatable breech-lock n the said slide, a locking-slide i in the breech-block and coactorward end of the locking-slide ,e same at the limit of its rearn, the said latch being operated barrel-extension, as the same nit of its forward excursion, for said slide and permitting the loved forward, and an action- I j connected-with the said slide iame forward and so rotate the 1g the breech-block to the barutomatic firearm, the combinahold the same at the limit of. its rearward.

movement after the slide has been unlocked by the rear unlockmg lever.

36. In an automatic box-magazine gun,

the combination with a receiver thereof, of a recoiling-barrel and barrel-extension, a breech-block, a box-magazine, -and a springactuated cartridge-indicator mounted in and moving back and forth with the said barrelextension, located in the path of the' cartridges as they are fed out of the magazine, and normally held in its retired position by the cartridges themselves, and released by the feeding of the last cartridge from the magazine forbeing thrown by its spring into position for stopping the breech-block in its forward movement.

37. In an automatic box-magazine gun, the combination with a receiver, of a recoiling barrel and barrel-extension, of a breechblock, a box-magazine, a spring-actuated cartridge-indicator mounted in and moving back and forth with the said barrel-extension, located in the path of the cartridges as IOO they are fed out of the magazine and normally held in its retired position by the cartridges themselves and released by the feeding of the last cartridge from the magazine for being thrown by its spring into position for stop ing the forward movement of the breech-b ook, and a finger-piece projecting outward through the said receiver for manu-- ally operating the said cartridge-indicator.

38. In an automatic gun, the'combination with the receiver andA action mechanism thereof, of a long sliding handle longitudinally arranged upon and interlocked with the top of the receiver and connected at its forward end with the action-mechanism of the gun for the manual operation thereof.

39. In an automatic firearm, the combination with the receiver and action-mechanism thereof, of a long longitudinally arranged sliding handle mounted directly upon the top of the receiver and formed with undercut grooves receiving guide ribs formed upon the receiver and adapted at its forward end to be connected with the action mechanism for the manual operation thereof.

40. In an automatic gun, the combination with a receiver, of a recoiling barrel and bar- IOS IIO

rel-extension, a breech-block, a locking-slide mounted therein, and a sliding handle mounted directly upon the top of the reing-slide for the manual operation of the; ceiver and adapted at its forward end to bc and provided at its forward end with ala connected with the said locking-slide for the whereby it is normally connected with the manual operation thereof. ceiyer. 5 41. In an automatic gun, the combination In testimony whereof, I have Signed l with a receiver, of a recoilng barrel and harspecicaton in the presence of two Subsc] rel extension, a breech-block, a locking-slide ing witnesses.

mounted therein, and a sliding handle lo- WILLIAM MASON cated directly upon the top of the receiver `Vitnesses: ro with which it is nterlocked and adapted at*` FREDERIC C. EARLE,

its forward end to coact with the said lockl, GEORGE D. SEYMOUR.