US853702A

US853702A - Wall structure.

Info

Publication number: US853702A
Application number: US28163505A
Authority: US
Inventors: John Lally
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1905-10-06
Filing date: 1905-10-06
Publication date: 1907-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 1924-05-14

Description

110.853.702. PATENTED MAT14,1907.'

J. LALLY.

WALL STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 6, 1905. l

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

JOHN LALLY, or

WALTHAM, MASSACHUSETTS.

WALL STRUCTURE.

Speccationof Letters Patent.

Patented May 14, 1907.

Application led October 6,1905. Serial No. 281,635.

To all whom t may concern:v

Be it known that I, JOHN LALLY, a citizen i of the United States, residing at Waltham, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Wall Structure, of which the following is a specification, reference beingliad therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates and has special reference to the construction of cellar walls, the obiect of the invention being to provide a light chambered wall to serve as a foundation or support for a superstructure and to combine with lightness, strength and the power of lateral resistance to a high degree.'

The improved wall structure is' designed with the special idea of resisting the inward pressure of the earth, which is often very great on account of changes in the seasons; also, to transfer the effect of such inward pressure of the .earth to the anchoring devices w'hich hold down the sill or sills of the superstructure, with the result that the greater the inward pressure against the cellar walls, the greater will be the tension and hold upon the sill or sills of the superstructure.

In addition to the pressure resisting p Y erties of the Wall, the latter, by reason of its chambered or hollow'construction, is particularly adapted to cellars and foundation walls, affording as it does, an effective air space for preventing dampness, and the chambered Wallis also tion than the ordinary solid wall.

With the above and other objects in view, the nature of which will more fully appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangement hereinafter fully described, illustrated and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings :Figure l is a sectional plan view of awall structure embodying the present invention,showing the Fig. 2 1s a similar view showing a slightly different arrangement of the parts of the wall. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section through Fig. 1. lFig. 4 is a transverse section through the arrangement shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a sectional plan view of a slightly modified form of wall. Fig. 6 illustrates another modication in. the wall structure.

g 5 Figs. 7 and 8 are detail views showing a differcheaper in construcent manner'of bracing the joint between the wall and superstructure. The structural wall contemplated in this invention ischam'bered or'hollow and .com-

connections between the said sides. Piers 5 are also arranged at intervals along the outer side and preferably in line with the septums 4. In addition to t e septums and piers, braces 6 may be loand form bracing a head 10, which is embedded in the base 7 as shown in Fig. 3. The upper end of the brace 6 may be bolted to the sill or floor beam of the superstructure as shown at 11 or otherwise connected thereto. The braces 6 are preferably equal in number to the piers,

l sure and consequently prevent the-breaking .simpler and cheaper form of construction.

inward of derstood.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. l the opposite inner surfaces of the outer and inner sides of the wall are straight and parallel.

desired, however, the outer side l may be concavo-convex or bowed both as to its outer and inner surfaces, and the number of septums 4 may be increased as shown in said Fig. 6. Again, the outer side 2 may be perthe wall 1n a manner readily unfectly straight, both as to its outer and inner surfaces as shown in Fig. 2, but the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 is preferred, because of its capability of withstanding a greater amount of inward pressure. Anchor rods 13 extend from the base upward through the wall structure and connect with the superstructure as best illustrated in Fig. 4, in which it will be seen that each anchor rod is provided with an enlarged head at its lower end, which is embedded or let into the base 7 rlhe upper end of the rod preferably extends through the sill or beam of the superstructure and receives a retaining nut 15 threaded thereon. Extending horizontally across each of the anchor rods 13 is a plurality of stays 16. rlhese stays are arrange usually upon the outer sides of the anchor rods and project horizontally into the portions of the wall lying on opposite sides of said rods so as to obtain a firm hold thereon, and prevent the breaking down of the wall at the angles formed by the septums which intervene between the outer and inner sides of the walls. In this way the inward strain or pressure against the wall is to a considerable degree transmitted to the anchor rods 13, and the latter are thereby caused to exert a greater tension on the superstructure, holding the latter firmly down upon the wall as a whole. r1`he stays 16 may be arranged both within the inner side and the outer sde of the wall, and, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5, the stays may be made practically continuous, running horizontally the entire length of the wall, or as far as may be found necessary in order to give the required strength to the wall as a whole. 18 designates the fioor or floor timbers which may rest directly upon the base 7. The bowed or outwardly offset portions of the wall need only extend to a point adjacent to the grade or ground level as indicated in Fig. 3, while the remainder of the wall above grade may be constructed as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, Fig. 1 illustating a section of the underground portion of the wall, and Fig. 2 illustrating a section of the wall above ground. Y

The structural wall hereinabove described may be formed of concrete in suitable molds or `may be made up of blocks of suitable shape, in which latter case the blocks will be provided with cavities to receive the heads 10 and 11 of the braces and anchor rods. The blocks will also be formed with passages for the anchor rods and stays. Not only is the wall lighter than the ordinary solid wall, but, by reason of the particular construction described, such wall has much greater resisting ower in a lateral direction, and also provides for an efficient air space between the outer and inner sides of the wall.

Ventilating openings, 19 and 20, may be formed in the inner side, and in the outer side, 1, the ground, and said openings may be sl atted if desired. The openings, 19 and 20, afford ventilation for the air spaces and permit the evaporation of moisture which may accumulate therein in rainy weather.

fn some cases, the braces, 6, and stays or anchors, 13, may be omitted, and in lieu thereof stops, 21, may be secured to the sills, 8, or floor beams, 9, as shown respectively in Figs. 7 and 8, said stops being fastened. to the bottoms of the sills or floor beams in contact with the inner surface of the inner side of the wall for bracing the wall against the inward pressure of the earth. Stays, 22, in the form of dowelepins may, in such case, tbe placed across the joint between the wall and superstructure, as shownin Figs. 7 and S.

f claim 1. An integral foundation or cellar wall structure embodying inner and outer sidcs leaving an intervening air chamber between said sides, septums crossing the air chamber and connecting the sides, a supporting base for the sides a superstructure resting on the sides, and upright braces at the inner side of the wall structure having means at opposite ends thereof to engage the base and superstructure.

2. An integral foundation or cellar wall structure embodying outer and inner sides leaving an intervening air chamber, septums connecting the sides, a supporting base for said sides, a beam resting upon both of said sides, anchor rods extending from the base upward in line with the septums and connected to said beam, and stays extending across and beyond the planes of the septums and anchor rods and located within one of the sides and upon the outer sides of the anchor rods.

3. An integral foundation or cellar wall structure embodying outer and inner sidcs leaving an intervening air chamber, septums connecting the sides, a supporting base for said sides, a beam resting upon both of the sides, anchor rods extending from the base upward in line with the septums and connected to said beam,stays extending across and beyond the planes of the septums and anchor rods and located within one of thc sides and upon the outer side of the anchor rods, and other sti ys parallel to the 'first named stays embedded in the other side of the wall.

In testimony whereof f a'llix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN RALLY.

2, near the floor, 1S, above the surface of Witnesses:

FRANK P. KENNEY, THOMAS F. KEARNS.

IOC