US850347A - Ratchet mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED APR. 16, 1907.

H. J. COOK.

RATGHET. MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 17. 1906.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

PATENTED APR. 16, 1907.

H. J. 000K. RATGHET MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 17. 1906.

2 SIGHTS-SHEET 2.

4 aw/{memes UNITED STATES FATENT OFFICE.

HARRIS J. COOK, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPO- RATION OF CONNECTICUT.

RATCH ET MECHANISM.

850,347. Specification Application filed May 1'7,

sweetest nprn 16, 1907.

To all whom it natty concern.-

, Be it known that I, HARRIS J. Cook, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ratchet Mechanism, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in ratchet mechanism for tools, and particularly of the type set forth. in United States Letters Patent No. 758,329, of April 26, 1904, and 813,586, of February 27, 1906.

The object of this invention is to provide an improved mechanism for tools of this character whereby with a comparatively .small number of teeth in the ratchet and small number of teeth in the pawls an intermittent clutching act-ion may be effected which may be repeated through a large numj ber of lmpulses at each revolution of the tool, so that if a portion of the tool be rotated angularly rotation may be effected and the strains transmitted from the driving 2 5 to the driven part distributed through a large area.

In the preferred form I have shown a ratchet having nine teeth and two pawl members, each being divided into two sec- 0 tions, each of which sections have two teeth, the teeth on one section being located at a relatively different place on said section than the teeth on the companion section. These teeth are so arranged that eighteen impulses 5 may be transmitted from the driving to the driven part in each revolution. In a modifled form I have shown the invention in which the ratchet has eight teeth, as before. In this case the pawl-sections each have two teeth, as before; but the sections are of differ ent sizes, so that the teeth are distributed differentially and sixteen impulses are possible in each revolution. In the preferred form it will be seen that the differential move- 4 5 ment which makes possible the large'number of impulses is occasioned by the difference in the number and location of teeth on the pawl and ratchet members, respectively, whereas in the modified structure the differ- 5 ential action is occasioned by the difference in the spacing of the teeth on the pawl members of each set.

The accompanying two sheets of drawings illustrate the preferred and modified forms 5 5 of my invention.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a fragment 1 of a bit-brace embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of the same. Fig. 3 is an end view of the driving part and pawl member. Fig. 4 is an end view of the driven part and ratchet. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view 3 showing the development of the ratchetteeth and pawl-teeth. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the development of the operatingcam for throwing the pawls into and out of action. Fig. 7 is a side view of the set of pawls for the modilied construction before referred to. Fig. 8 is an end view of the same pawls. Fig. 9 is an end view of the ratchet for use therewitll. Fig. 10 is a j diagrammatic view showing the development of the ratchet and pawl members.

1 indicates the driving member.

2 indicates the driven member.

The driving member has a hub 3 preferably integral therewith and abutting against the flange 4 of the driven member when the parts are assembled.

5 is a spindle rotatable with the driven member and forming a part thereof which extends through the driving member and is secured in place by means of the screw 6.

7 is a crown-ratchet secured to the driven member so as to rotate therewith. This ratchet has, in the preferred form, nine teeth, each of which has two oppositely-disposed faces. I

The pawl member surrounds the spindle and is located inside of the hub 3. There are two separate pawls for right and left hand driving. These are each divided into two parts. These parts are indicated at 8 9 and 10 11, respectively. Each part of each pawl has a portion which projects through a vertical slot in'the hub 3. These projections 12, 13, 14, and 15 cause the pawl members to always rotate with the driving part. The inner surfaces of the pawl members bear against the spindle 5, so that in the action of the mechanism the spindle tends to always keep the pawls free from wedging.

16 is an operating-ring having at its interior surface a cam 17. This cam is adapted to engage the projections 12, 13, 14, and 15 of the pawl members and throw them into and out of operative position with the crownratchet when desired. Each pawl-section is impelled toward the ratchet 7 by means of a suitable spring, such as indicated at 18 and 19 in Fig. 2. The cam is so constructed that it may be operated to retract simultaneously the two members 8 and 9 of one pawl or 10 and 11 of the other pawl and hold them retracted. V1 11011 one pair is held re' eted, the other pair is permitted to engage the teeth 01" tiie ratei'iet. Tl e eam may also be adjusted to permit all t e pawls to aet, in wbielievent tire pawl and ratei are interloeked and tliedriven member will rotate with the driving member in either direetion.

In the 1110(1111311101'1, details 01 wbieli are illustrated on S *(et 2, tire pawl divisions are indicated by reference-1111111erals .1,

iet members l0, and 11, and have, respeetively, 1110 propotions 12, 18, 1 1, and 15, wiaeb. pro ert 1 through slots in tire 1111b 3 and are operated upon by means 01' a suitable eam. Tire two parts 8 9 eoi'istituiie, in elleet, one pawl 'l'or driving in one direetion, and 10 11 eo11sti- 1111136 t e otiier pawl for driving in an opposite direetion.

It will be seen that the sections 5 and '11 are wider than tire respe ive companion se tions 9 and 10, with 11110 result that in this form one of the teeth in the crown-ratchet is skipped. T lis arrangement permits 01 the unequal location of the teeth on two com panion pawl members and yet gives an easy incline to each pawl-tooti1. l Vbile therefore the teeth may be disposed around the entire pawl member regularly by altering the pitch of the same, the modified eonstruetion has an advantage over the form sliown on Sheet 11 in that the teetl 011 tire lzttClHl may all tiie same piteli, and hence be ol' the same s1ze.

It will be observed tbat all the parts e1 1111 pawl members mntuallr s11p :)o1"1v one aooi i wr. sinee their edges 'praeiimlly abut. :eir inner sides they are supported by the spindle. WllllO at ti 111* outer sides they are supported by the 11111).

Mat 1. claim is In a rateliet 111eeln1nis1n, a driving part a driven part, a spindle carried by one parl and rotatable relative to the other, a rertie: ll slotted iinb earried by tire ()1 1101' part, two divided pawl 111e111bers substantially lilling 1111 spaee between said spindle and said 1111b. each part of eaeli pawl member Earring a pro jeztion extending tliroiigb said hull-S1018 a ratchet member for cooperation will: said pawl member, an operating member 1111' (ontrolling said pawl members, the teeth on one part of one pawl member being spared lo e11- gage against lire side of tlie l'ilillldlntvll wbile the teeth on tlie eon'ipanion pawl pari are spaeed to bear upon tlie ends ol' 1111* ratelret-teetlr.

HARRIS J. (11011.

itnesses H. S. W ALTER, L. E. (lLEMONS.

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