US847552A

US847552A - Apparatus for mixing fluids.

Info

Publication number: US847552A
Application number: US27279005A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles A Carlson
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1905-08-04
Filing date: 1905-08-04
Publication date: 1907-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 1924-03-19

Description

PATBNTED MAIL 19, 19o?. L

v C. A. CARLSON.

. APPARATUS FOR MIXING FLUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED AUGA. 1905.

a e a .A c e l CHARLES A. CARLSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

APPARATUSl Fon n'mxme.v FLulDs.

' Specication of Letters Ilatent.T

Patent- 1 Maren-19, i907.

Application `filed August 4,1905. Serial No. 272,790.

To all whom it ymay concern:l

l i Be it known that I, CHARLES A. CARLSON,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Ch1cago,'Cook count Illinois, have inventved a newand usefu A paratus .for Mixing Fluids, of which the fol owing is a specification.

My, invention relates`l to the 'mixing of fluids, as liquids and gases, and has more particularly to do with the mixing of gaseswith liquids, as is done, for instance, in the carbonatmg of hquids to produce effervescent beverages, although my method and apparatus are equally well adapted for use in ringing about the admixture of liquids with liquids and gases with gases.

The object of my invention is to provide la simple and efficient apparatus for eecting a particularlyvintimate admixture of fluids,

and one form of'apparatus which I havedesigned for and have found particularly efficient in accomplishing this end is illustrated in the annexed drawingy and described in the succeedin' portions .of the specification.

In the rawing, Figure Y1 is across-sectional elevation of a mixing apparatus embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional elevation of a modified arrangement of one of the parts ofVv the mixer.

` part. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of still another modification. Fig. 5 is a cross-section talren on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 is a view in cross-section of a-modiied arrangement ofthe form shown in 'Fig 3.

In the articular form of apparatus illus-- 'trated t e mixing apparatus comprises,

primarily, an outer tube a and an inner tube means of lower chamber a* ism commumcation. with concentric with the outer tube. Between the two tubes is formed an annular channel a3, which lcommunicates at its lower end with .a chamber a4, formed in the base of the outerA tube a., and` at its u per end with the chamber t', formed within a cylindrical casing t, secured to the toglrof the outer tube a by a screw-t eadedcoiinection. The

|of p a truncated cone, tapering Fig, 3 is a view in `cross-section of another modification of said.

. end of t e channel vto the other.

erating with an internal I The inner tube i's in the present instance seated lin a plug c, having screw-threaded connection with an o` eniiig at the end of the outer tube a, and is a so preferably provided with exterior plane faces c?, adapted to be enJ' 6o A place. r[he plug is provided with a passage gaged by a wrench in screwing the plug into c", leadingcentrally through its 'interior and commnicatin directly with the interior of the inner tube assage c3' communicates with a supply-pi e provided at one end with a series ofannu ar flanges or corrugations d for holding the supply-pipe connected with it firmly vin place and at the other'end with a flange which abuts against a washer s, interposed be-l At its other end the central tween it and an externally-screw-threaded nipple tor tailpiece projecting from the base of the plug c, the supply-pipe d being held to the nip le in the present instance by' a sleeve e, aving a fiange coperating with the terminal flange of the inletipe and having wings, to aid in turning it. lhe upper end c ug c is made substantially in the form of from its base toward the point where the inner tube is seated, This formation causes the fiuidwhich flows in through the assage af to be deiiected upwardly in a holow stream into the passage n.3 between the inner and outer tubes. In the passage a3 lare placed (p which break up the stream of fiui and cause it to flow in a tortuous path. In Figs. land 2 the rojections are in the form of a continu; ous rid e Of helical form, extendin from one n the forml illustrated in Fig.- 1 the ridge lconsists cfa separate helix'a, of wire or other suitable material, secured in pos'tion in the-channel.

The ridge, however, may preferably be inthe form of a thread lcut in the inner wall of thread mfn. o', respective in its interior a the threads of the louter tube l, as shownin Fig. 2. In Fig.

which there maybe any de.-

ioo

the various sections being" a teriiatively right and left handed to bringabout in each section a reversal of the direction of How' ofthe flu-i'din the channel. 1

s illustrated in Fig. 6, the internal diam- IOSV eter of the-sections m InI may be'increased at their 'ends to forni chambers r which serve to connect the alternatelyrighly and left handedy plan in Fig. 5.'

l Whic the path of flow parts having channels m n,1and-'within which the`A reversal of flow takes place. In Fig. 4 the means illustrated for breaking up the-flow and caus-l ing the fluid to travel in a tortuous path consists of a number of lugs p,,projecting from the interior wall ofthe outertnbe p, this tub'e, with its interiory projections, being shown in Although in Vthe various ln rodifications shown in the drawing the projections or ridges have been illustrated as being carried upon` or; formed integrally with the inner wall of the outer tube, it will of course-be understood that they might equally well be carried upon or formed integrally with the outer Wal of the .innerftube so long as they are located in a position to be interposed in 1n thechannel. It will also be understood that the tubes may be made of any desired length suliicient to, bring about the required degree of admixture of the fluids. In practice I have found that very satisfactory'results are obtained with approximately the dimensions of those shown 1n the drawing.

The upper end of the inner tube b may be closed, as shown in the present instance, the side wall, however, being perforated at a number of points b to permit the flow of fluidfrorn the inner tube to the channel a3 of the outertube. The perforations. or assages b areplaced at frequent intervals a ong the path of flow of the fluid in the channel a3 andv may'consist of several series of holes drilled radially in the outer wall or shell of the inner tube b.

In the chamber t at the end of the channel a3 I prefer to provide a deilecting device f, which may be in the form of a disk having a concaved face presented, toward the end of the channel a3 and which may be suitably secured to the upper end of the inner tube b. The oilice which this part performs is to intercept the fluid as it passes from the'channel a3 and to spread it out and throw it back upon itself and into proximity to a series of holes or passages b3 1n the upper. end of the inner tube b.

The chamber tA is formed by the cylinder t, which in the present instance is shown of glass as used in sight-feed devices, but which may be ofV any lsuitable material. IThis cylinder is clamped by means of bolts 7c, rovided with nuts c, between the flanges `o the two ieces g and h,.the first mentioned of liscrewed tothe top of the outer tube c,

with a washer s', of suitable material, interposed between the .abutting portionswhile' the pieceh has. a hollow externally-screwthrea led extension which is ysecured to the nozzle'jfadapted to connect with the delivery-.pipe by lmeans of a Winged and; internally-,screwrthreaded sleeve'fi, a washer .$3 besupply-pipe d into the inner tube ing interposed at thepoint'where the nozzle j and the extension ofthe piece h abut.

In practicing my invention by means of theapparatus illustratedand described one of the fluids is led in a suitable manner to-the extension a2 of the outer tube a, whence it flows by way of channel a5 into channel a3, lying betweenthe outer and the inner'tubes. The other fluid lis caused to flow by way of b, whence 1t escapes into thechannel aa by wayfof the perforations or passages lb and `there min-y gles with the other fluid.' Both fluids are supplied, preferably, at substantially the same y pressure, which may, if'desired, be varied to secure any required` degree of admixture, and by preference the pressure is suilicient to cause a rapid flow of the fluid in the channel a3, the rapidity being also dependent upon the rate vof outflow as permitted by the operator. On account of the projections in this channel-the helical ridges of Figs. lf2, and 3 and the lugs of Figs. 4 and 5-the stream of fluid is broken up and caused to llow in a tortuous path, and into the agitated stream thus produced and at a number of points along its path the other fluid is projected as jets from the inner tube b by way of the'passages b. The nature of the channel in which the lluid in the outer tubeilowsis such as to put itin a condition'to be rapidly, intimately, and uniformly mixed with the portion of the other fluid that is projected into it at each of the many points along its channel, with theresult thatit is speedily saturated with the fluid supplied by Way of theinnertube. As the' stream leaves the channel a3 and strikes the deflectorf it is broken up and thrown back into proximity to the holes orl passages b3 at the top of the inner tube b, where it receives its linal charge of the fluid supplied by that tube.

The intimate mixing of two fluids by theV method and apparatus of my invention is so rapid as to bel practically instantaneous, and as a result the mixture may immediately be drawn oil for use, or it may, if desired, be conducted to a reservoir, which, however,

plays no part in the Inixing operation.

By so disposing the rid es or projections in the channel a3 that the( irect longitudinal channel is not entirely closed, as by arranging the ridge so that it is slightlyseparated from the innertube, asshown in Fig. 1, a certain portion of theiluid ,will tend to flow directly through the 'channel from one end to `the other, and this portion will interfere to a certain extent with thehelical ilow, and thus tend to further increase fluid. Y j

. In employing the particular apparatus described and illustratedfor the purpose of carbonating water I connect the Waterthe agitation of the IOO IIO

IIC

supply with the extension (1,2 of the outer tube I with an outer tube provided with a tortuous a, and the supply ol carbonic-acid gas with the corrugated end d of' the extension d of' the inner tube b.

Altlmugh in describing one manner in which m v invention may be practiced I have described more or less precise forms and dev tails of construction, I do not intend to limit myself' thereto, as I contemplate changes in form, proportions of' parts, and the substitution ol.' equivalents as circumstances may suggest or render expedient without departing Vfrom the spirit or scope of my invention and cl aims.

My invention involves the novel method or process of mixing fluids, as well as the novel apparatus described herein for effecting this result, but the claims upon the method or process I reserve for another application.

I claiml.. A mixing apparatus comprising a body.

and a spiral path therebeyond, said tube having a series of openings in position to direct gas into the body of water circulating in said spiral path.

3. A mixing apparatus comprising a part having two channels communicating with each other through a plurality of passages, one of said channels which is a water-passage being tortuous and the other which is a gaspassage being straight, and a mixing-chamber arranged to communicate with one of said channels at a point beyond the initial commingling of the water and gas.

4. A mixing apparatus, comprising a part provided with two concentric channels communicating with each other through a plurality of passages, the outer one of said channels being in the form of an alternately right and left handed helix. Y

` 5. In a mixing apparatus, the combination with an outer tube adapted to be connected with a supply of fiuid, of an inner tube adapted to be connected with a supply of another fluid, a helical ridge lying between the two tubes and adapted to cause the fluid in the outer tube to fiow in a circuitous path, a plurality of perforations in the wall of the inner tube, and a part at the end of the outer tube-passage adapted to spread the fluid fiowing therethrough.

6. In a mixing apparatus, the combination passage on its inner wall, and an inner tube communicating with said passage through a plurality of perforations along its length, of a chamber at one end of the passage of the outer tube adapted to communicate with a source of fluid-supply, and provided with a substantially conical projection concentric with the innertube and having its apex presented toward the channel in the outer tube.

7. In a mixing apparatus, the combination with an outer tube provided with a ltortuous passage on its inner wall, and an inner tube communicating with the passage in the outer tube through a plurality of perforations along its length,l of a chamber at one end of thepassage of the outer tube adapted to communicate with a source of fluid-supply, and provided with a substantially conical projection concentric with the inner tube, and having its apex presented toward the channel in the outer tube, and a chamber at the other end of the passage in said outer tube and in communication with the delivery-pipe, said chamber containing a part adapted to deflect and spread the fluid as it is delivered from the end of the` channel in the outer tube.

S. In a mixing apparatus, the combina-l `ing with4 the channel in the outer tube through a plurality of passages, and a device be ond the end of the channel inthe outer tu e adapted to cause Huid passing through said channel to be deflected back into proximity .to the passage in the inner tube.

9. In a mixing apparatus, the combination with a part having a channel for the flow of a fiuid,of a deflectorf arranged at the outer side of said channel to break up and turn back the flow and a tube having `a perforation adjacent to said defiector and adapted to deliver a stream of another fluid into the stream of the first-mentioned Huid where it is broken up and turned back.

10. In a fluid-mixing apparatus, the combination with an outer tube a and an inner tube b having a channel a3 therebetween, said inner tube being erforated at a number of points along said c annel, of an extension a2 of said outer tube carrying an extension@5 of said channel, and a part c of truncated conical form arranged at the bottom of said channel a3 with its apex directed toward said channel.

11. In a fluid-mixing apparatus, the cornbination with an outer tube a, and an inner tube b concentric therewith and provided with a number of perforations b", of a helical ridge arranged in the space between said tubes, a deflectorf arranged at the end ofthe IOO with perforations Hector. 12. A mixing a 5 bular portion ma Vb3 adjacent to said deparatus comprising a tue 1n separate sectlons, the

inner Walls of such sections respectively being in the form of hand helices, and a alternately right and left gas-tube arranged @oneentrieally Within said tubular portion and having a plurality of openings through which 1o gas is discharged into the Water passing through such tubular portion.

CHARLES A. CARLSON. Witnesses:

EDWIN H.' SMYTHE, \LOU1s P. ERWIN.