US843252A - Locomotive exhaust-nozzle. - Google Patents

Description

No. 843,252. PATENTED FEB. 5, 1907. J. B. ALLFREE.

LOUOMOTIVE EXHAUST NOZZLE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5. 1905.

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i Fig. 1, with spreader-cone attached.

JAMES B. ALLFREE, OF IRONTON, OHIO.

LOCOMOTIVE EXHAUST-NOZZLE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 5, 1907.

Application filed June 5,1905. $erial No. 263,823.

To Z7 whom it nt/ty concern.-

Be it known that I, J AMES B. ALLFREE, a citizen of tie United States, residing at Ironton, in tie county of Lawrence and State of Oliio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locomotive Exhaust-Nozzles, of which tie following is a specification.

My invention relates to an exlzaustnrozzle intended particularly for duplex engines wli ere tle exhaust-steam is used for creating a draft through the fire, and for example, as is to be found in ordinary locomotive practice, in wlich the exhaust-nozzle lies in the smoke-box of the locomotive.

The objects of my invention are, first, to provide an unbroken. circle of exhaust-steam in. the stack \viich will entirely fill tl'e same, and thereby prevent leaking or return of the outside air-,wiieh tends to destroy the partial vacuum in the smoke-box; second, to so arrange tie two pipes and their openings comprising the ex? aust-nozzle as ti at each pipe will not be a lindrance to the otier, but, on tiie contrary, an assistance in witldrawing tl'e expanded steam from tlic exhaust-passages; tlird, to reduce tlie back pressure usually existing in locemotive-engines, and thereby increase t3 eir elliciency of operation; fourth, to increase tle draft in ti. e lire-box of :a locomotive by tlc production of a greater and uniform vacuum in tlie smoke-box; fifth, other evident advantages wlich will lereina'fter appear from the detailed description of tie invention.

My invention consists of structural features and. relative arrangements of elements wiich will be leieinafter more clearly de scribed, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

.lieference is to be had to the accompanying one sheet of drawings, forming part of ti is specification, in wiich similar clarac tors of reference indicate corresponding parts in t? e several figures.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation on t e line 1. 1 of Fig. 2, slowing tle locomotive-cylinders, exhaust-passages, and smoke-box with my improved exiarst-nozzle applied thereto without t e spreader-cone attac'red. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of tie smoke-box end of a loeoniotivc,taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 3 is a top view of tie exl aust-nozzle end shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a top view of the exhaustnozzle shown in Fig. 1.

Referring to Fig. 2 of the drawings, l'represents one end of the boiler-shell, provided with tie llue-sltcet 2, wltich is pierced by and supports tle fire-tubes 3 3. The boilersltell 1 is extended beyond tle flue-slteet 2, which forms a cylindrical smoke-box 4-. 5 is the removable door for readily oflering access to tlte interior of tlie smoke-box. 6 is the stack communicating with tie interior of tle smokebox. 7 is tl e screen for arresting tl: e sparks wl en drawn through the tubes 3 by tle blast of tie exhaust-steam. 8 is a depending imperforate plate supported from tlc flue-s1 eet 2 and in front of tl:e fire-tubes 3 3 for the purpose of increasing the blast in the lower series of the tubes and readily removing the as]: es or soot deposited tlierein.

Tle foregoing-described structures and arrangements are tle common and well-known type of locomotive construction and form no part of my present invention.

9 9 (see Fig. 1) are the enginccylinders, which are provided, respectively, with the usual steam-chests 1O 10.

11 and 11 are the cxhaust'passages leading, respectively, from the cylinders 9 and 9 and are so arranged at their points of connection with the exhaust-nozzle, to be presently described, that the passage 11 is independent and centrally within the passage 11.

12 and 12 are concentric cylinders which form the base of the exhaust-nozzle and are suitably fastcncdto the casting containing the exhaust- passages 11 and 11, so as to have the concentric annular passages formed therein register with the exhaust- passages 11 and 11. The end of the nozzle comprises also two concentric cylinders 13 and 13, fastened in any suitable manner respectively to the sections 12 and 12, forming the base, and which, as will be seen in the drawings, form a continuation of the concentric passages in the base and passages 11 and 11. The end of the outer cylindrical section 13 of the nozzle extends above the end of the in nor section 13 about three inches in the ordinary locomotive, and each of the sections have their ends slightly flaring, as indicated. T he upper ends of the nozzle extend through the screen 7 and are directly under the opening of the stack 6.

14 is a hollow cone having openings 15 15, which is fastened, by means of a lug 16, contrally within the interior of the cylinder 13, so that its base is on a line with. its upper flaring end, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

The operation of the invention is as follows: The cylinders 9 and 9 alternately exhaust, respectively, in the passages 11 and 11 by the arrangement, as heretofore described, in having the openings of the ends of the concentric cylinders one above the other. The exhaust-steam passing through the an nular passage formed by 13 acts as an ejector on the interior of the central passage formed by the central cylinder 13, and therefore reduces the back pressure in the exhaust-passage 11. Likewise when the exhaust-steam is passing out through the central cylinder 13 it acts as an ejector for the interior of the annular chamber formed by the cylinder 13, and thereby reduces the back pressure in the exhaust-passage 11.

The hollow cone 14, which is not absolutely essential in the above operation of my invention, is for the purpose of deflecting the exhaust-steam over the end of the outer annu lar exhaust. The openings 15 are for the purpose of permitting some of the exhaust to ass in the interior of the hollow cone and break the vacuum which might be formed and cause cross-currents of, the exhaust, which would affect the efliciency of the operation.

It will be readily seen that owing to the shape of the ends of the blast-nozzle each blast as it passes out into the stack completely and uniformly fills the same with an unbroken volume of exhaust, thereby not insuring a constant and reduced pressure in the smoke-box for the proper combustion of the fuel, but, as above indicated, one nozzle assists the other in reducing the back pressure in the engines, and consequently the efiiciency of the locomotive instead of a hindrance, as heretofore found in practice.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a locomotive or the like, the combination of a smoke-box, an exhaust-nozzle in said smoke-box and comprising two concentric cylinders forming a uniform and unobstructed annular exhaust-passage throughout its entire length in the smoke-box, the upper edge of the inner cylinder being below the edge of the outer cylinder, and means for independently connecting the passages formed by the two concentric cylinders with the exhausts of the locomotive-engines.

2. In a locomotive or the like the combination of a smoke-box, an exhaust-nozzle in said smoke-box and comprising an inner cylinder, an outer annular and concentric cylinder surrounding the inner cylinder and forming therewith a uniform unobstructed annular exhaust-passage throughout its entire length in the smoke-box, 'the upper edge of the outer cylinder being above the edge of the inner cylinder, and means for independently connecting the passages formed by the inner and outer cylinders with the exhausts of the locomotive-engines.

3. In a locomotive or the like the combination of a smoke-box, an exhaust-nozzle extending its entire length in said smoke-box and comprising an inner nozzle connected with the exhausts of one of the engines of the locomotive, an outer nozzle surrounding the inner nozzle and whose sides are parallel throughout its length with the sides of the inner nozzle and forming therewith an unobstructed exhaust-passage, the upper edge of the outer nozzle being above the edge of the inner nozzle, and means for connecting the exhausts of the other engine of the locomotive with the outer nozzle.

4. An exhaust-nozzle for locomotives or the like comprising two concentric exhaustcylinders, the upper edge of the inner exhaust-cylinder being below the edge of the outer cylinder, a spreader within the inner exhaust-cylinder and means for independently connectin the passages formed by the concentric cylinders with the exhausts of the locomotive-engines.

5. An exhaust-nozzle for locomotives or the like comprising an inner and circular ex-- haustcylinder, an outer annular and concentric exhaust-cylinder surrounding the inner exhaust-cylinder, the upper edge of the outer cylinder being above the edge of the inner cylinder, a cone-shaped spreader within the the inner nozzle and means for connecting the exhausts of the other engine of the locomotive with the outer nozzle.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature GEO. H. DAVIES, E. L. ALLFREE.

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