US842678A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

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APPLIOATIO'N FILED 1123.30.1906.

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PATBNTED JAN. 29, 1907.

J. V. MARTIN.

IURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED APB. 30, 1906.

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IINITED STATES FATENT OFFICE..

JAMES V. MARTIN, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD TO THOMAS C. BRIAl\l, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 29, 1907.

Application filed April 30,1906. y Serial No. 314,591.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES V. MARTIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention comprises improvements in furnaces for melting metals, the details and advantages of which will be pointed out in the following specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in Which- Figure 1 is a top plan view of a pair of communicating furnaces, the furnace at the left having its coverremoved. Fig. Zis a section through the central standard or support for the furnaces, taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, the block of refractory material being removed. Fig. 3 is a perspectivek view of the block of refractory material which fits between the adjacent trunnions of the furnaces. Fig. 4 is a central vertical section through one of the furnaces. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4.

Referring to the drawings, Aand A indicate a pair of similarly-constructed furnaces each cylindrical in form and each having v trunnions 2 3 projecting from its outer cylindrical wall at opposite sides of the furnace. As shown in Fig. 4, the trunnion 3 of each chamber has a passage way 4 extending through it and into the interior of the furnace, and this hollow trunnion has an interior lining 5 of fire-brick. The hollow trunnions 3 arev supported upon a standard B, arranged between the furnaces, and the trunnions 2 are supported upon independent standards C. As will be evident from an inspection of Fig. 1, the furnaces are arranged with their trunnions at an obtuse angle. The central standard B has a wedge-shaped socket 6a between the bearings b and b', and a wedge-shaped block of refractory material D, Figs. 1 and 3, is adapted to fit closely within said socket, the sides of the block fitting against the faces of the bearings. This block of refractory material has an opening 6 therein, 'which when the block is in position registers with the passage-'ways4 in the trunnions, so that a continuous passage-way is provided from one chamber to the other through the trunnions and through said block.

By removing the wedge-shaped block access may be had to the interiors of the trunnions for the purpose of removing the lining from the trunnions and for inserting new material without the necessity of dismantling the furnaces. The arrangement shown permits the furnaces to be rotated independently without interfering with one another and without adding much to the length of the passage-way between the furnacechambers- Vorm-wheels 7 are arranged upon the outer trunnions 2, and worin-shafts 8, supported upon the standards C, are provided for 'the purpose of rotating the furnaces about their horizontal axes for the purpose of pouring the niet-al.

A description of one furnace will apply to both. As shown in Fig. 4, the furnace A comprises the outer cylindrical metal shell 1, having a metal head 9 at its lower end and the trunnions 2 and 3 projecting from its sides. The bottom of the furnace has a lining 10 of brick, in which is constructed a channel 11, leading from a fuel-inlet opening 12 in the side of the casing to the central portion o f the lining or flooring 10, and from the inner end of this main channel branch channels .1.3 and 14 diverge and extend to the circular lining 15 of the chamber. Preferably these channels extend radially from the center at equal angles to one another, as shown, and are of such width that a free passage for the fiame is afforded beneath the crucible, which latter is supported equally by the angular portions 16, 17, and 18 of the brickwork at the diverging points of the channels. The fuel injected into the furnace through a suitable burner 1Q impinges upon the bottom of the channel 1l and Hows through the branch channels and is spread equall)T around the furnace, the bottom of the crucible being also heated by the passage of the fiames beneath it. The brick lining 15 of the cylindrical wall of the furnace extends nearly to its upper end and is surmounted by a coping 2O of refractory material of greater width than the brick lining. This coping is removable and, as shown rnost clearly in Fig. 1, is made in sections 20, 20h, and 20c to facilitate its removal and insertion. A crucible E is held centrally in position within the furnacechamber by the annular coping 20, which fits closely1 around the upper end of the crucible, as shown. Above the fuel-inlet opening 12 and at the top of the brick lining 15 IOO an opening 21 extends partly through the brickwork and partly Vthrough the coping from the interior of the furnace-chamber to an outlet-pipe 22, which is connected by a pivot-bolt 23 to the metal casing of the furnace. The outlet-pipe may be swung to one side, so as to uncover the opening 21, and a plug or stopper may be inserted in said opening to prevent the exit of heat or products of combustion when desired. The upper surface of the coping 2O slopes inwardly, as shown, and a cover 24, having a conical flange 25 on its lower side, is adapted to t onto the coping to cover the crucible. rIhe cover is shown in full lines removed from the furnace in F ig. 4 and in dotted lines in position upon the furnace. Recesses 26 and 27 in the crucible and coping, respectively, are provided for the purpose of pouring the metal.

In using the furnaces together when fuel is admitted through the burner 19 of one furnace the outlet passage-way 21 of that furnace is closed and the products of combustion after passing through the first chamber flow through the hollow trunnions into the adjoining furnace-chamber and thence to the atmosphere through the outlet 2l of the latter chamber. In this way while metal is being melted by the intense heat in the chamber in which the fuel is injected the ingots or scrap metal in the adjoining chamber may be heated by the heated gases which flow through the hollow trunnions into the latter chamber. After the nbetal has been melted and poured from one crucible the latter may be filled with fresh material and the fuel then injected into the chamber in which the castings have been heating. Of course the fuelinlet opening of one of the chambers is always closed when the furnaces are used together. If it is desired to use only one furnace, a solid wedge-shaped block may be inserted between the hollow trunnions instead of the block shown in Fig. 3, thus cutting off communication between the two furnaces, or by closing the fuel inlet and outlet openings of the furnacewhich is not in use and leaving the inlet and outlet openings of the furnace which is in use open, of course, the heated gases will not be carried through the trunnions from one chamber to the other even if the perforated block D is in position.

The block D has a metal shoe 28 extending around its ends and base, the edges of the g shoe being fiush with the inclined faces of the block. The purpose of this shoe is to prevent injury to the block in removing and inserting it. A suitable handle 29 is connected to the shoe.

The cover 24 is preferably somewhat domeshaped, as shown, so as to provide additional space above the crucible for containing scrap material, &c. By providing a suitable inclosed space above the crucible to hold such scrap material the cover need not be removed as often to insert new material as if the cover were flush with the top of the crucible. As the scrap material melts of course it occupies much less space, and with the arrangement shown the material can be piled into the crucible above its upper edge and as the metal melts the material above the crucible will pass down into the crucible. The flaring surface of the coping serves as a funnel to direct the material into the crucible.

I/Vhen it is desired to repair the brick liwing in the furnace, the coping is taken out and the crucible removed, thus permitting access to the brickwork.

It will be noted that the upper end of the crucible fits closely within the coping. This being exposed to the flame and avoids oxidation and loss of metal.

Vhat I claim is- 1. The combination with a pair of furnacechambers arranged adjacent to one another' and independently supported upon horizontal trunnions, the trunnions of one chamber being at an obtuse angle to the trunnions of the other chamber and the adjacent trunnions having axial openings communicating with the interiors of their respective furnacechambers, of a block of refractory material fitting between said adjacent trunnions, said block having an opening therethrough registering with the openings in the trunnions.

2. The combination with a pair of furnacechambers arranged adjacent to one another and independently supported upon horizontal trunnions, the trunnions of one chamber being at an obtuse angle to the trunnions of the other chamber and the adjacent trunnions having axial openings communicating with the interiors of their respective furnacechambers, and a standard having two bearings for supporting the adjacent trunnions and having a wedge-shaped socket between said bearings, of a wedge-shaped block of refractory material adapted to fit within said socket and against the ends of said adjacent trunnions, said block having an opening therethrough adapted to register with the openings in the trunnions.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES V. MARTIN.

Witnesses:

JN0. WATSON, Jr.,

MARY M. MAGRAW.

prevents the contents of the crucible from IOC IIO

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