US838085A - Carbureter for explosive-engines. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED DEG. 11, 1906.

- J.- J. 000K. GARBURETER PoR BXPLosIvE ENGINES..

APPLICATION FILED JAN. B, 1904i.4

`PA'EEN'IED DEG. 11, 1906.

J. J. COOK.

RBURBTER FORBXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JANE, 1904.

. 2 SHEETS-SHEET- 2.

IIIIIIIIIHH .l- III City,

UNITED' STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES JLCOOK, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO COOK KEROSEN E CARBURETOR COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW J ERS EY.

GARBURETER Fon ExPLoslv-ENGINES.

Patented Dec. 1.1, 1906.

Application tiled January 8, 1904. Serial No. 188.217.

To all 'mh/om, t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES J. COOK, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at lJersey in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented a neitr and useful Carbureter for Explosive-Engines, of Which the following is a specification.

This invention relates articularly to that class of carbureters emp oyed in vaporizing oils for use as the motive agentof explosiveengines, though said invention may be useful for other purposes.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide an improved device of, this character Which may be easily attached to any oil, gas, or explosive engine Vand will thoroughly va porize hydrocarbon oils, Whether light or heav and With great econom A turther object is to rovi e novel means of an automatic nature or securing the feed of a desired amount of oil proportionate to the amount of air introduced into the carbureter, thereby affording a propermixture at all times and Without regard to the speed of the'engine.

Still another object is to provide a vaporiZing-post of novel construction which Will present a comparatively great surface of oil to the action of the passing air, thereby er"-` fecting the maximum .tion r in' the drawings forming a part of this application, F'gure 1 is a side elevation of a preferred iorm of vaporizer constructed in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view through the vaporizing-post lpreferably employed. Fig. 4 isA a horizonta sectional view taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. .5 is a View, partly in.elev'ation and partly in section, oi' a slightly-modified Jform of construction.

amount of vaporiza- Similar reference-numerals indicate corretached a by inwardly-opening check-valveslO, covering the inner sides of the saine, each of said valves being supported upon anindependent spring 1 1, arranged longitudinally within the casing and secured at its opposite end by any suitable means-as, for instance, a screw 12. In order that the tension of the springsll may be varied, a ring 13 is employed, which isvlocated Within the casing and bears against the innersides of the sprinUs. This ring is slidable toward the. heads oi,j the casing, and actuating means in the form of-fthreaded Shanks-14Y journaled lin thefhead 7, have adjustably-threaded engagements with ears 15, formed upon the inner side of the ring. The Shanks 14 have eXteriorly-arranged operating-heads 16 and collars 17, arranged against the inner face of the easing-head 7 and constituting means Jfor preventing the displacement of the Shanks.

The head 7 is provided with a central opening surrounded by an integral collar 18, through which is passed the inner end of an outlet-sleeve 19, said sleeve terminating short of the head 8 and being Saeed from the wall of the casing 6. The s eeve is se-A cured in place by any suitable means-as, for instance, screws 20, threaded through the collar 18 and engaging its outer end. Said sleeve practically constitutes a part of the outlet-conduit for the vapor, which conduit also includes a T coupling 21, secured to the outer endA of the sleeve 19 by an interior collar 22. To one end ofv this T coupling is atipe 23, leading to the engine. The wall of t e said T cou ling directly in line with the bore oi' no s eeve 19 is provided with an opening, through which is passed a fuel-conductor tube 24, that extends cen-v trally into the sleeve 19, but terminates short of its inner end. The outer end of this fuelconductin@r tu-be communicates With a primary miXmg-chambcr 25, formed Within a coupling 26. The coupling has an air-inlet nipple 27, directly opposite the conductingtu )e 24 andcommunicating with the chamber 25. A fuel-supply pipe 28 communicates through a needle-o ening 29 with the chamber 25, between tie air-inlet and the conductin -tube, said needle-opening being controlled y a needle-valve 3'0, formed upon the end of a stem 31, that is slidably passed through the opposite wall of the chamber.

The opening through which said stem passes IOO is ci' suicient size to receive a stop-plug 32,

mounted on the stem and threaded into the y of the stopping, and thus limit the movecured tosaid coupling.

ment of the needle-valve. ThisV entire strucy-ture is practically supported by the conducting-tube 24, 4which is secured to the Wall of `the coupling 21 by means'of a conical clampnut 35, threaded into a plug 36, that is se- Arranged in line With the stem 31 ci the needle-valve is a hollow drum 37, the interior of which communicates with the coupling through a conduit 38, threaded into a cap 39, that closes the end of the coupling 21, opposite the engine-pipe 23. The wall ol this drum, Which is adjacent to the preliininary mixing-chamber, is in the form of a diaphragm 40, secured in place by a suitable ring 4-1 and having the valve-stein attached to thccentral portion thereof.

ln this structurey there is preferably employed a vapoiising-post, Which While it may be of any desired form is preferably constructed and arranged as follows: The lower head 8 of the casing'has an voutstanding boss 42 and a central opening 43 arranged Within the boss. A supporting-nut 44 is threaded into the boss and has secured to its central portion a stem`4-5, that projects into the sleeve 19in linel with or spaced from the con ducting-tube 24. This stem constitutes a holder for a series of cup-shaped Wings 46, preferably formed of Wire fabric and held in spaced relation by interposed sleeves 47. These wings are preferably arranged entirely Within the sleeve 19 and are held in spaced relation trom the lower head and the supporting-nut 44. by a longer Washer 48.

The operation of the carbureter may be briefly described follows: Assuming that the engine is connected with the pipe 23, it Will be evident that upon certainl strokes of said en gine air will be with drawn from the interior el." the carbureter. YIt this air is charged with vapor, said vapor will therefore be delivered to the engine. In starting the same with heavy oil it is preferable to heat said cil until the first charge ot explosive mixture has been delivered and used, after which the action is automatic. When the suction through the pipe 23 takes placef'a partial vacuum will he formed within the entire carbui-eter, so that the same may be truly termed a Ivacuum-chainber.I The amount of this vacuum can be varied as desired 'by adjusting the ring i3 toward or from the check-valves 1G, requiring greater pressure 'of the outside air to open saidv valves. The same lunlmlanced air-pressure serves to move the diaphragm 40 of the drum 37 inwardly, consequently opening the needlel scenes valve and permitting an inotv 'of-hydro.;

carbon fuel. At the same time it will be ap'-l parent that a current of'air will pass through the nipple 27 into the-conductingetube 24 at right angles to the et of oil from theoriee 29, and consequent y a reliminary :mixing of air and oil Will take pce in thechainber 25 and this riehmixture will pass through the tube 2li into the sleeve 19.A The sleeve vconstitutes the mainY mixing-cl'iamber'otthe' carbureter, for the current ot air passing through the air-inlets 9 Will enter the lower end of t le sleeve and nd its Way through the coupling 2l to the pipe 23. AtV 'the same time the above-mentioned Aenriched mixture will be Adrawn in an opposite direction Jfrom the dis.

charge-nozzle ot' the tube 24. Here' thefop positely-inoving currents Will strike, causing a thorough commingling and vaporizing" of the oil before it passes to the engine'.

soon as the suction ceases the air-pressure Within the carburete'r will equalize that Without and the diaphragmof vthe drum Will return to its normal position, consequently closing the valve vand cuttingroi the sup ly of oil. Any oil, however, that "may dli'ip from the end of the conductin -tube 24 or not be vaporized Willbe caug t upon the' wings 46 and Will spread in thin lms over the spaces termed by the meshes of the Wire. Thus comparatively great surfaces of o il will be ail'orded to the tree action'o'f the air when the next inrush takes place and a vaporisation of the surplus oil is obtained. The open of the device is therefore economical, the oil is only fed as rapidly as used, so that whether thel engine is running rapidly or slowly the -feed will automatically accommodate itself to the same. Moreover, the amount ol vacuum determines not only the suppl el" air past the check-valves, but also the distance to which the needle-valve controllin the oil-supply is opened, and an abnormal by the stop-nut 32, which can be threaded into or out of the chamber, so as to vary the distance of' movement of the needle-valve- The manner in which the oil is va orized is one of the important features of t e invention--the preliminary mixing, and finally the complete vaporization by the impinging oppositely-moving currents of air. The construction of the vaporizing-post is also Worthy ot' note, not only on account of the advantageous way in which it resents the oil to the action of the air, but a so because of-its simpliicity of construction. By unscrewing the supporting-nut 22 the entire post may be removed and the parts thereof disassociated and reassembled with ease.

In Fig. 5 a slightly-modiiied form of the mechanism. for operating the oil-su ply 'valve is illustrated.4 The other parts o the carbureter are the same as those already described, and therefore need'not again-be set movement of the latter is prevented :forth in detail. In this instance the oil-supply-valve stem is designated 29, and the end of the couplin opposite the suppl -pipe 23 has threaded t erein a drum 35a. he inner wall of this drum is in the form of a sliding plunger 38a, having a rod 39a, that projects through the rear wall of said drum. A supporting-ring 40 is secured to the exterior of the drum by means of a nut 411L and carries a post 42, which constitutes the fulcrum of a small lever or walking-beam 43, The valve- 'st'em 29i is pivoted to one end of this lever, While the plunger-rod is in like manner pivoted to the opposite end. v lIt will he .apparent that the actlon of the device is exactly the same as that alread described. Whenthesuction takes lace, t e partial vacuum formed will cause t e lunger 38 tomove inwardly, and through t e medium of the lever 43 the valve-stem .29a will bemoved outwardly to open the oil-supply. As already stated, the other features are the same, and therefore the same reference-numerals have been emploved in designating those that are shown. Frornthe foregoing it is thought that the construction, operation, and many advantages of the herein-described inventionwill be apparent to those skilled in the art without urther description, and it will be understood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion, and minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing of the invention. y

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a carbureter, the combination with a preliminary mixing-chamber having fuel and air inlets` that introduce their respective charges into the mixing-chamber in dillerent intersectingdirections, 'of a secondary mixing-chamber having a, freely-open communication with the prclin inary mixing-chamber and also havin(r an ai `-inlet, a valve controlling the fuel-inlbt to tie preliminary mixing- 'chamben and a vacutnn-compartment having communication wfith the secondary mixing-chamber, said compartment also having a movable wall connected to the fuel-controlling valve. v

2. In a carburetcr, the combination with a secondary mixing-chamber comprising a depending sleeve having an end. and an outlet at its upper end, of a preliminary mixing-chamber iaving air and fuel inlets and an outlet conducting-tube that deends'within the sleeve, a `valve for controlcommunicating with the outlet from the secondary chamber and having a movable Wall, Vand a connection between the movable wall and the valve. l

lIn a carbureter, the combination with a casing having an air-inlet, of a secondary any ofthe advantages means lfor securin inlet in its lower ing the fuel-inlet',` a vacuum-compartment,

mixing-chamber comprising a sleeve depending wlthln the casing and having its ower end open, an offset outlet-pipe connected to the upper end of the sleeve, a preliminarv mixing-chamber located above the sleeve an having air and fuel inlets, a depending 'fuel-conducting tube leading 'from the .preliminary mixing-chamber downwardly into the sleeve and terminating short ol the lower end thereof, a valve controlling the fuel-inlet, and a vacuum-compartment ulniving communication with tht` outlet from the secondary mixing-chamber, said compartment having a movable wall connected with the valve. i

4'. -In` a carbureter, the combination with a casing, of a secondary mixing-chamber comprising a sleeve depending within the casing and terminating 'siort of the lower portion thcreol, said casing having air-inlets, an oll`- set outlet-pipe leading from the upper end of the sleeve, a preliminary nlixing-chamber mounted upon the pipe and located above the secondary chamber, said preliminary ymixing-chamber having an upper air-inlet and a lower outlet,` a conducting-tube leading from said outlet and depending within the sleeve, a fuel-inlet'pipe leading to the preliminary miXing-cl-iamber between the air-inlet and the outlet, a lneedle-valve controlling the fuel-inlet and extending across the preliminary mixing-chamber, a drum having communication with the outlet .from `the secondary mixingchamber and also having a diaphragm-wall, and a connection between said wall and the fuel-controlling valve.

` 5. In a carbureter, the combination with a casing having air-inlet openings therethrough, of fuel-mixing means including a tubular wall located longitudinally Within and in spaced relation to the waits of the cas- `1ng,.said tubular wall defining a 4mixingehamber thatl has open communication with the interior of the casing, a plurality of leafsprings arranged longitudinally between ysaid tubular wall and the walls of the casing, each spring at one end, and a valve carrier bythe other end and covering one of the openings.

6. In a carbureter, the combination with a casinghaving an annular series of air-inlet openings-contiguous to one end, of a vaporoutlet pipe extending through said end ofthe casing and terminatlng short' of the opposite end, means for introducing fuel into the vapor-outlet pipe, a plurality of springs secured longitudinally within the casing, and valves carried bythe free ends of the springs and located over the inlet-openings'of the casing.'

y 7.v n a carbureter, the combination with a secondary Faxing-chamber comprising a depending sleevr having a lower air-inlet and an upper outlet, of a preliminary mixing- IOO downwardly into and depending within thev secondary chamber.

8. In a carburetor, the combination with a preliminary mixing-chamber, of air and fuel pending sleeve having a lowerair-inlet and conducting-tube leading inlets thereto, a main mixing-chamber hav-,

ing an air-inlet and a vapor-outlet, and means for directing the mixed air and fuel from the preliminary mixing-chamber to the main mixin' -chamber and in a direction opposite to tie direction of flow of the air passing through the inlet to the outlet of said main chamber.

9. In a carbureter, the combination with a secondary mixing-chamber, comprising a dean upper outlet, of a preliminary mixingchamber located-above the secondary chamber and having an upper air-inlet and a lower outlet, a conductor-tube leading from the outlet downwardly into the secondary chamber in opposition to the flow of air therethrough, a lateral fuel-inlet`in the preliminary mixing-chamber, and means for vcontrolling the passage of fuel therethrough.

10. In a carburetor, the combination with a secondary mixingchamber comprising an upright sleeve having an air-inlet at its lower end, of an offset outlet-pipe communicating with the upper end of the sleeve, a preliminary mixinfhcliainber supported above the upper end of the sleeve and the ipe and having an air-inlet in its upper en and an outlet in its lower end aliiied with said in1et,a conducting-tube leading from ythe outlet of the preliminary chamber downwardly into the secondary chamber in spaced relation to the sleeve, a lateral fuel-inlet leading to the preliminary chamber between the air-inlet and the outlet thereof, and a valve for controllino' the supply lof fuel through said inlet.

11. n a carburetor, the combination witlia Casin g having air-inlets, of a vap or-outlet pipe l extending into the casing from one end and terminating short of the other end, the inner end of said va` or-outlet pipeconstituting a mixing cham n hamber having fuel and air inlets, and a i from the preliminary chamber into the outlet-pipe and lonitudinally of the portion thereof that is coated 'within the casing. said conductingtube terminating short of the inner end of said outlet-pipe! 12. In 'a carbiireter, the combination with a casing having air-inlets, of a 'vapor-outlet pipe extending into the casing from one end and terminating short of the other end, the

I inner end of said vapor-outlet pipe constituting a mixing-chamber, a preliminary mixing-chamber having fuel and air inlets, a conducting-tube leading' from the prelimier, a preliminary miX1ng-' nary chamber into the outlet-pipe and longitudinally of the portion thereof that is located within thecasing said conductingtube terminating short of the inner end of said outlet-pipe, and a lvaporizingost secured to the casing and extendin 'longitudinally within the inner end of t e outlet .pipe in opposition to the conducting-tube.

13. In a carbureter, the combination with a cylindrical easing having anannular series of air-inlets contiguous to one end, a plurality of check-valves controlling said inlets, a vapor-outlet p'pe extendin longitudinally into the casing from the end avin the inletopenings and terminating short o the opposite end, a vaporizing-post secured. to said opposite end and pro]ecting into the vaporoutlet pipe, a preliminary mixing-chamber having air and fuel inlets, a valve for controlling the fuel-inlet, and a conducting-tube leading from the preliminary mixing-chamber int'o the vapor-outlet pipe and in opposition to the va orizing-post. p

14. In a car ureter, the combination with a mixing-chamber havingv an inlet and an outlet, of a fuel-conducting tube extending' longitudinally thereinto and terminating short of one end thereof, and a post projectin into said mixing-chamber from said end an in ofpposition to the tube, said post havingla r o t e pe rate portion arranged to receive fuel and permit the passage of air therethrough.

15. In a carbureter, the combination with a mixing-chamb er h avin a lower air-inlet and an upper outlet, of a el-conducting tube extending throu h the upper end of the chamber and depen ing within the same, said tube terminating short of the lower end of the chamber and being spaced from the side walls thereof, and a post projecting into the lower end of said chamber in spaced relation to the side walls thereof, said post having perforate portions located in line with the conducting tube and in Aspaced relation thereto, said perforate portions receiving the fuel and permitting the assage of air.

16. Ina carbureter, t e combination with a casing, of a mixing-chamber located therein and comprising a depending sleeve terminating short of the lower end of said casing, a head closing the lower non-heated vaporizin -post detachably secured to the lower en of the head and l,projecting within-the sleeve in s aced relation to the side wall thereof, and a epending fuel- .conducting tube extendin through the top lof the sleeve in spaced re ation to the side walls thereof and terminating short of the upper end of the post. u i

17. In a carbureter, the combination with endiof the casing, a i

a mixing-chamber, of afuel-conducting tube Y extending into the same,`and a vaporizerpost also extending into the chamber in opposition to the tube, said post comprising a stern, and a plurality lof perforate Wings mounted thereon.

18. In a earbureter, the combination with a mixing-chamber, of a fuel-conducting tube leading thereto, and a vaporizing-post supported Within the chamber and adapted to receive the fuel from the tube, said post coniprising a stem and a series oli spaced eupshaped perforate wings mounted on the stom in line With the tube.

19. ln a carburetor, the combination with a vacuum-chamber, of a mixing-chamber communicating therewith and having an airinlet in line with 'such communication, a fuelsupply pipe having a discharge-orifice oominunieating with the mixing-chamber and directing a jet transversely of the inlet, a needle-valve controlling the orifice of the fuelsuppl'y ipe and having a stein extending across t e mixing-chamber, a drum arranged inline with the stern exteriorly of the mixingchamber and having a diaphragm-wall connected thereto, and a conduit connecting the interior of the drum and the vacuum-chamber.

20, Ina carbureter, the combination with a casing haidng a plurality of air-inlets, oi'A a plurality of separately-movable springs, check-valves carried by the springs and controlling the air-inlets, and common means movable along the springs for varying the resistance thereof to the opening movements of the valves. f

21. ln a, carburetor, the combination with a casing having an air-inlet, of a spring supported at one end 'and carrying a valve at the other end that controls the inlet, and a device movable longitudinallyr of and eadting With the spring to vary the amount of resistance to the opening of the valve.

22. In a carburetor, the combination with a easing having a plurality of air-inlets, of av plurality of springs secured to the casing and having valves controlling the air-inlets, and a ring movable With respect tol and eoacting With the various springs to vary the amount of resistance tothe opening of the valves.

23. ln a carburetor, the combination with a casing having an annular series of air-inlet openings, of a plurality of springs each secured at one end Within the easing and disosed longitudinally thereof, valves carried liy the free ends of the springs and closing the air-inlet openings, a ring arranged Within the casing and slidable longitudinally With respect to the valves, and actuating means for adjusting the ring.

24. ln a vaporizer, an air-supply passage,

l i n n an air-throttle valve therein, with spring to control the opening of said valve and means for adgusting the active length or the s ring.

2.5. Means Jfor governing the intro uction of air into a earbureter, comprising a ported part cooperating with the carburetor and provided with a valve having an inherent spring tendency, valve being fixed at one end and free at the other end for no1- mally closing said ported part, and a longitudinal sliding means within the ported part and coperatin with said valve to vary the movement of the lrce end thereof, substantiallyas described,

26. -Means for governingthc introduction of air into a carburetor', comprising a ported )art cooperating with the earbureterv a viratory valve having an inherent yielding tendency, said valve being fixed at one end and 'lree at the other for normally closing said ported part, and means within the ported part and longitudinally movable between the `free and 'lined ends of the valve l'or varying the movement of said valve, substan-.

tially described.

27. ln a device of the class described, the combination with a tube having longitudinalslots therein, yielding means for 'valving the sait] slotted tube, and a sliding device Within the tube and eoperating width the yielding means to vary the yieldability thereof so as to 0overn the admission of air into the tube, sidistantially as described.

28. ln a device oi' Ithe class described, a ported tube closed atone end, yielding valveplates for closing the ports ofthe tube, and a threaded stein passing through the closed end of the tube and having means lfor governing the yieldability of the valves, substantially as described.

ln testimony that l. claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aixed my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

JAMES d. COOK.

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