US837841A - Car structure. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED DEG. 4, 1906,

P. JERDONE, JR.

GAR STRUCTURE. APPLICATION FILED JULY25.1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l,

l IN VEN TOR @wwwwvcrwu vr.

A TTORNE YJ PATENTED DEG. 4, 1906.

P. JBRDONB, JR.

GAR STRUCTURE. APPL'IUATION FILED JULY25.1906.

4 sannTs-sHnnT z.'

MDW/(CW attorney No. 837,841. PATENTED DB0. 4, 1.906.

' F. JERDONE, JR.

vCAR STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY25, 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET s.

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E@ Y Nif L (Bin uvenoz @Hummm ,I f 'if m nnen faz 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4 PATENTBD DB0. 4, 1906.

mwm M@ F. JERDONE, JEL. GAR STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY z5. 190B.

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v* maw ltozmuf lnnrrnn srAfrIrs PATENT FFICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Deo. 4, 1906.

Application led July 25, 1906. Serial No. 327,753.

lo .(LZ/ ll'fmmt it 71mg/ r'fnzfrt:

Be itknovn that L FRANCIS Jnnnoxn, Jr., e citizen of the United States, residing" et Chicago, in the countr et Cook and State ot Illinois, have invented certain new ond useful improvements in Cer Structures; :ind i 'do herebT declare thev following to be a full, clear, end exact description of the invention,

' such. as will enable others skilled in the ort to which it epperteins to ineke sind use the seine.

- This invention relates to oer struetures,` :ind hes for enobjeot to provide e oer structure composed principally of metal port/s ernbodving new end improved features oi strength, economy', and rigidity. further obje-et of the invention is to provide in e oer structure e. doorway' of large dif mensions end so arranged end reinforced as to give ample and. suiicient strength for corryingz1 et its center when necessary the greater ypsrtof the full capacity oi' the loaded our.

A further object of the invention is to provide in structure improved Ineens for supporting the central portions of the structures by 'Ineens oftruss-rods, associated body-holsters, needle-beams, truss-rod stands or queen-posts, end other parts of improved form.

A further object of the invention is to `provide in e. ser structure improved Ineens for applying and using n Inetel floor to be lree troni the obstruction of rivet or bolt hoods on its inside iosdingsurfitee'.

A further object of the invention is to provide :t can' strueture einliiodying s. single center supportinwbeani and. with improved means for applying a. droit-rigging to the :eem end with improved ineens ol braio-ing end stiiienine` seid brein and of joining; or connecting said benin te sidevsill beams.

A further object of the invention is to provide in e. csr structure improved Ineens of:

applying the root' in order thzit the seine will 45 brace and strengthen the sides of eer :ind that the metal sheets will iie 4iree from vwtieel rivets or bolts to prevent the possibilit)r of leakage.

A further object of the invention is to provide in s eer structure. improved ineens for transmitting the centrall load of the cor to the holsters through truss-rods sind arched queenests et tl .i side center ot' the csr.

YVith these and other objects in view tho invention comprises certain other novel eon struotions, combinations, and arrangements of parts, es will be hereinafter fully described :ind claimed'.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a view of the improved cer in side elevation, showing one- -6o heli in full and one-half in dotted lines the positions oi the several members lcomposingthe cor struc ture. Fig. 2 is o. View of the im? proved oor, one-heli being in end elevation and one-half being in vertical section teken 65 upon the center line of the eer. Fig. 3 is e top plsn view of the center benin and side sillsy together with the braces und the Ineens for mljiistnient to ond connection With the boitiers and transverse been). beneath the center of the cer. Fig. Li isn. top pien View of lone of the transverse beams for supporting the metslilloorl. the seid tioor beingl broken a-Wsy to show the beam in full lines. Fig. 5 is e. view in elevation of one of the `transverse beznns for su )porting the metal ioor, the seid iloor and the freine of the oer being shown in section. Fig. (i is o transverse seotional view of the Supl)orting-besml shown in Fig. 5 and teken on line 6 6.

arranged for supporting,- the center of one of the plates forming the ioor'of the car and the plete. 'for supporting the beam from the Fig. 7 is a. 8o transverse setionol view showing s. beam .freine-braces of tie ear. Fig. 8 is e longitu- 8 5 dirmi sectional view showing e modified form of transverse beam for supporting' the metal floor. Fin. '9 is e View in side elevation of the modified forni of bee-.In shown et Fig. 8.

Fig. l() is e detail sectional view et the trains- 9o verse center of cer and showing in section the srcl ted door-freine, arched trussbmember, side plete :it emes of rer, and gusset for connectingl and tying the several ports together and also shows the rnd oi' one of the cerlines and 9 5 Ythe method oi' turning down the roof-sheets et wives oi' can'. Figli is e. detail sectioned view showing; the cerlines end the manner of :titer-.hing the rooi-plete thereto.

Like ehiirncl ers of reference designate cor respondingr ports throughout the severed views. l'

The enr structure fori ning; the subject-matter ol' this application coni-prises n. center boom l() ol any approved lorin, but preferably, :is here. shown, ooinprising e single I-bcom extending' longitudinally of and throughoutthe greet-er portion of the length ol the oar, 1out stopping short of the ends, es shown particularly in Figs. l ond 3.

Assooieied 'with `the center I--besin 'l0 of the oor are the side sills 1] extending longilof tudinelly of the car and parallel Awith the con tral beam l and defining the limits of the structure. The sido sills ll are connected and joined at. their opposite ends byimeans of end sills l2, preferably composed of angleiron, as. are the side sills, and beneath which are disposed heavier sills 13, preferably composed of channel-iron- The side sills and the center beam are rigidly secured together and braced by means of diagonally-disposed braces 14, rigidly riveted or otherwise permanently secured to the center I-beazn and to gussets l5, which are rigidly secured to the vertical and. horizontal llanges of the side `The side sills 11 are also supported `upon the bclsters 16, which saiilibolsters are i'iigitlly connected atright angles to the 'bearn 10, suclr bolster and the manner of connecting to the beam forming the subject-matyter of a copending application bewering Serial "No 327,755, lil'ed Jiny 25, 1966, and forming no' part of the present invention.

- The-side sills 11- and the centersill -beani src rigidly secured' together sindI braced by means of obliqu-elj/disposed braces 14, the

l 'lirstt'wo braces inside oi'tllebolster 16 conl so on throughout the' -eted tothe vertical Hangs i said gusset-nlate meeting to the center ffiftheir Vertical flanges aft-er same hauebeen set at an Iangle to the inain body of the brace, vfthesaid angling toiform e foot of the'bracc anrl tire. foot of each of the 'two braces to be rigidly rivetedtogetlier through the vertical -web 'of center-sill-beam .10, and the said in- :ner ends ofthese braceslarc further secured toa suitable'gusset-plete, 14, es shown, by

being rigidly riveted, and the said gusset and rigidly' riveted to tlie'yertioel web oft e center-silli-beam 10, theftwo saidv braces 14 running obliquely awey frointlie body-b-olster 16 and from the centeribeam -10 end connecting at the said side sill by saidneans each with one other 'brace 14 of* thescine kind, lar-ly in Fig. 3,y and-'these two-connectingplatcs are turned ug brsces 14 run back vtothe vcenter-sill Lbeam Y 10, but oppcsitely inclined to the first braces,

end' ticelast-saidlbrseesni-eet two other. diag onalfbreces, as shown, which Adiagonal braces inv turn run diagonally backto the said side sill and meet. two other diagonal braces, and distance between the two holsters or between-bolster and center needlesbeam. i

\Wliere two oi thebraces meet lat the side sill their vertical flan les are angled at right angles to the side si l, 'and these vertical danger; become adjacent und are rigidly rivetcd together in the manner shown, while the horizontalllanges are rigidly riveted to and througirtlie bottom flange of side sill 11 and through suitable gussct-plate 15, resting on the top side of bottoni ange of side sill, which gusset-plates .fturn up and are rivof side sill 11, and

@sassi beam 10 through' las shownj particul5 also projectsdiorizon-l bottom flange of side sill to the t'op flanges of the all es shown,

,14 meet atv the centcr-sill'lbeiun 1U, iwo other like braces l/i meet on the opposite side of center-sill lbeam 10. sind all four have 'their vertical flanges angled to funn feet, the foot of one brace to oppose and brace the ioot ofthe corresponding opposite brace, and the two feet of the vtwo corresponding braces areriveted against and through the l' vertical web of center-sill I-beani 10, and the two other corresponding braces are also ad- .ja-cent l and are riveted to the vertical web or" center-sill -be'ani. Furthermore, vtl'le `four 7 braces running' togetlientwo on each side of centers1ll 'll-beam and' connecting to the ter-sillllebeannnre also jointly and rigidly sel cured to each other and to the Vertical webct l 'center-sillZ-lbeanr by-nieans of suitable gus'- I set-plates 14"", each lying horizontally on tbe top tlsnges ol the ends of the two diegenen' bracesand rigidly secured. to seine1 and said gusscts 14 lso being .flanged upward on the vertical-web ol" the center-sill iebeaim and said upw` cL-,ilanged portions 4rigidly `riveted tovether through the verticalwcb of centerl Siirbeam. The Side sin 11 and maar @ai ic, diagonal connecting-braces 14, which are joined. together or connected by suitable gussets 14"'and 15, will at suitable'intervals, l as shown, have connectedvto said ffusset 15 at side sill of car a continuousand repressed member 16', preferably channel-iron or "5 sha e, extending fromsaid side gusset 15 to saidp-side-gusset 15 on op osite side of car, end said continuous-.and epressed member 16 passing immediately underltliebottom flange' of center-sill.beam 1G and bearingr against said ilange witbits own flangesdoi/vnlward and being connected Iat its outer end to the seid side gussets 1'5 and at its center =to the vertical web of cent -sill llebeam by means of two, brackets 16, of suitable 1nate- 'rial and `preferably of T'slia e and .said 'brackets to be riveted throught sir-vertical lll/'lien two or the ingoingr diagonal braces TOO' IIO

flanges and through the vertxcalweb or cen-y and to assist the center-sill E-beani to snik I port and carry the load superimposed on center-sill I-beam and to assistv in transmitting a portion of this ined to the side sills v11 of car through depressed support i6.

At its ends-the Lbeami` 1() is continued by means of a barrel 1 7, forming n part of s draftrigging, which said drafbriggmg, including plate 19 disposed between the end of the I bparn' and the adjacent end ofthe barrel 17. To the ends ofthe plate 19 extended beyond the barrel -17 are secured braces 20, ext-ending in inversely-inclined relation to the ends of the holsters 16, to which are they secured byv gussets 20. Other inclined braces, as 21 and 22, are also employed for the/purpose of stiifening the structure, and asupporting-beam 23 is preferably connected to the brace-beams 22, as by the rivets 24, and curved downwardly beneath and to support the barrel 17 of the draft-rigging. The braces 2() and 21 are preferably connected and stitlened by a gusset 21, riveted to and spanning the inter-L val between the said braces.

Beneath the center of the car is disposed a.

4 transverse needle-beam 25, being wider in the middle and with its ends ta ered and formed with a vertically-dispose web and flanges extending upon opposite sides-oi the web and at right angles thereto, forming'at the outer ends substantially a T, as shown in Fig. 1.

At the center of the car is erected a doorfrane 28, .arched at its upper end and with its-lower ends rigidly secured to the sills 11,

the said door-'traine 28 being-integral and preferablyformed'of channel-iron, as shown in section particularly in Figs. 2 and 10.-

A truss-bar 29 is vsecured lat its.o posite ends to the sills 1"'1 adjacent the bolbter 16 and extends in a substantially straight line to adjacent the curvature of the upper'portion of the door-'frame 28 and is then arched at its middle point to pass ovei` the said doorfrane and be secured rigidly by its iiange to the upper flange of the channel-iron. door-` ture, and upon the said corner-posts lis se` cured the ends oi the plate 32, which extending longitudinally of the car at the eaves has its vertical iiange riveted' or otherwise rigidly secured to the vertical iiange of the truss-bar 29, as more particularly shown in Figs. 2 and 10. For `further strengthening the connected portions represented by the door-frame 28, the truss-bar 29, and the plate 31 a gusset 33 is riveted or otherwise rigidly secured adjacent the top ot the door-frame and is provided with a curved cut-out portion conforming substantially to the curvature of the interior opening of the said doorfranie and with its upper edge extending upwardly and iianged outwardly, as at 34, and rigidly-secured to the plate 32.

The corner-posts 31 are inade rigid by having their lower ends extend downwardly be.- yond the sills 11 and said extended ends engaged by braces 35, which extend in an inclined position and are secured to the sills 11 through their horizontal flanges.

are further strengthened by gussets 36 to prevent buckling. The side plates 32 are connected at their ends by a transverselydisposed end plate 37 with its ilange turned inwardly and the structure n iade rigid by means oi a plurality of inclined braces 38, secured at their lower ends to the sills 11 and 12 and at their upper ends to the side and end plates and to gusset 33 and to other gussets 39, secured to the plates 32. 38a is also secured at the juncture of the vtruss-bar and door-frame and extends ob vand the intervening seanosas at 41, riveted each to the other and to the frane-posts 42,

disposed vertically above the bolster 16.

The side sheets 40 are riveted securely to all of the transverse braces 38 and to the several vertical posts, whereby the plates are prevented froin buckling under the action of expansion or load. v

Extending transversely of the str ucturc at roperlyfspaced intervals are channel-iron beans43, supported upon brackets, as 44, secured to the sills 11, and other' brackets, as 45, secured tothe central I-beavn 10. The beams 43'are riveted or otherwise secured to the I-bea'm. 1'0 by turning a portion of the web, as 46, and to the sills 11 by 'turning the end of the iangc,'as'47, at right angles to the bea n, the re'z aining portion of the beam bcing out away to correspond in length to the interval between the sills 11 and I-bcam 1U. At' those places where the sheets 46 of the door join thc said bean s 43 are used in pairs,

A brace IOSV as shown particularly in Figs. 41 and 6, and

3l In a car structure, side sills, bolsters supporting said side sills, a door-frame disposed centrally between the bolsters and comprising/side posts, and an integral arclied 5 top portieri and braces extending from the bolsters and secured to tbe upper arched portion of the' door-frame.

4. In a car structure, side sills, a draft-riging disposed intermediate tbe sills and vraces connecting the sills, and the ldrat'trigging intermediate its ends and forming an arch.

i 5. In a car structure, a single central supporting-beam, side sills spaced upon opposite sides of the central beam, means connecting the sido sills and central beam rigidly together, and an arched door-frame rigidly secured centrally ci the side sills.

i6. In a ear structure, a door-'frame conizo prising spaced side posts, bolsters disposed encath the car structure adjacent tbe opposite ends, and a truss-bar rigidly secured to the structure adjacent the bolsters and ex- `tending to and arched over the door-frame. 2 5 7. In a car structure, a door-frame disposed centrally of the longitudinal side of the structure, bolsters secured rigidly beneath and adjacent the opposite ends of the structure, truss-bars rigidly secured to the structure adjacent the bolste'rs, and ,inclined re- Versely upward toward the niiddle of the car and extending to and arched over the doorframe.

S. In a car structure, side sills7 an end sill connecting' the side sill, a draft-rigging secured to the end sill and disposed intermediate the side` sills, and braces connecting tbe side sills and a draft-rigging intermediate its ends and forming an arch.

9. In a car structure, side sills, an end sill connecting the side sills, a bolster connecting and rigidly secured at opposite ends to the side sills, a draft-rigging secured to the end sill, and-braces connecting the side sill and draft-riggin and forming an arch from tlre ends of the )olster to the draft-rigging intermediate its ends.

10. In a car structure, a sill, a (hier-frame .rigidly secured to the sill and comprising s aced door-posts defining a door-opening at tlie center ol" tlie-sill, bolsters disposed beneath the sill adjacent its opposite ends, a truss-bar rigidly secured to the sill adjacent the bolsters and extending at an .inclination to and arched over' the door-frame, a cornerpost ri idly secured to the extremity ofthe sill ang extending above and below the sill, and a brace secured to the lower extended end of the corner-post and extending toward the middle of the car and rigidly secured to the sill.

11. In a car structure, side sills, an end sill, inclined braces extending from the side sills adjacent the center of and connected with the end sill, admit-rigging disposed between-the braces, and means carried by tbe bracesand arranged to support the draftriggino.

l2. ln a car structure, a single center beam, a bolster comprising a central Web surrounded by a llanged portion disposed at rigllt angles to tlie central web and witlla ccaitral opening formed in the web and proportioned to receive and accommodate the central beam, and with the beam and bolster disposed perpendicular-ly to each other, and angle-braces rigidly secured to the beam and bolster within the angles formed at their juncture.

13. In a car structure, a single central beam, sills in parallelism with and spaced from tlie central beain, and upon opposite sides thereof, a bolster provided with a central opening roportiened to receive and accommodate t 1e central beam, means rigidly securing the spaced sills=and the opposite extremities of tne. bolster, and angle-braces rigidly secured to tbe bolster and central beam, and disposed witliin the angles formed at their juncture.

ld. In a car structure, side sills, an' end sill, a bolster disposed transversely ol the structure and rigidly connected at opposite ends to tlie side sills,'inclined braces extending from adjacent the bolster to and rigidly connected with the end sill adjacent its iniddle and forming an arch, a draft-rigging connected to the end sill and disposed between the arched braces and other inclined braces extending l'roni adjacent the bolster to and connected willi tli'e draft-rigging intermediate its ends and forming an arch.

l5. ln a car structure, a single central beam, side sills spaced upon opposite sides of tbe beam, nz'eans rigidly bracing the side sills and central beam relative to each other, a draft-rigging secured to the end ol tbe central beam and extending to the end of the structure, and means passing beneath and to support t'ne draft-rigging carried by the sillbracing means.

16. ln a ear structure, a single central beam extending longitudiinlly of the car, side sills spaced upon opposite sides of the central beam, braces rigidly secured to tbe central beam. and extending obliquely to and rigidly secured upon the side sills, a draftrigging rigidly secured. to the end of the central beam and extending to the end of the structure, and a supporting-brace disposed beneath the draft-rigging and with its opposite ends rigidly secured to the oblique braces.

17. In ai car structure, spaced side sills, oblicluely-disposed braces rigidly secured to the side sills, a draft-rigging disposed between the side sills and extending to the end of tbe IOO structure a su ortin lbrace rividl secured..

to the oblique braces and A i l the draft-rigging, posts rigid y secnredltaitlie resin-g beneath;

ASO

ties oi the side sills,

@its

end extending bethv and braces secured extremity eilthe side sills sleeve and below the sills, te the lower extended ends of the cornerposts sind extending in en inclined position towerd the center of 'the structure and rigidly secwred to; the sills` l i8. lin e eer structure, spaced side sills, brecesrigidly secured to the side sills end' eX- tend-ing oblique-ly relative thereto, dooriremes cemprising spaced side posts secured te tlie sills sind deningregi-stering door-openimgs centrally of the sills, truss-bers rigidly secured te the side sills sdjacent their eppesite ends and extending to and arched over the door-iranie, eornersposts rigidly secured te title extremities ci the sills l(ind extending elwye endl below the sills,fbreees secured to the lower extended ends ol the cerner-posts end ei'iteriding tower-'d the center of the ear end rigidly secured to the side sills, and :L rigidly secured to the upper extremities si the corner-posts, end extending longitudine-Ely of the csr, end riridly secured et its central peint, te the oor-iframe, and truss-ber.

lin s cer structure, spaced side sills, deer-fremdes rigid'ly'seeured te the side sills end comprising spsced side posts, and integrail-arched top portions deliniugY registering door-openings upon opposite sides of the structure truss-bers rigidly secured to the sills sdjseent their opposite ends and extende ing te end arched over the swelled deer-i freine, sind with the arched portions oitlicl trees-'csr and doorirsrne rigidly secured to- I getlrer, eornerhposts erected et the extremi- :md plates rigidly secured to the upper extremities olE the cernerpesls rind eidendingl longitudinelly oi the structuresnd rigidi f' secured al their middle points to the arched deer-trame md arched, tray-lier. l

20. vIn e car structure, spaced side sills, a, needle-beam extending transversely between :md rigidly secured te the side sills et the lengit'udinnl middle, queen-posts rigidly secured tex the side sills upen opposite sides ol" the needlesbesni, and with inclined brace portions extending toward @zich cured te the needle-beam, end e trussrod 'holsters secured te yenr-l ends, a. deeretl-ier, and' seiig'idly connected with the sil-'l and extending beneath the queempests.

2l. ln scar structure, spaced side sills, i holsters extending transversely between and' rigidly secured te the side sills edj scent their ends, e. needle-beam extending transversely between tlie side sills et their longitudinal middles and rigidly secured to seid sills, queen-posts disposed beneath the side sills l apen opposite sides el the queen-posts and i lievi-ng' lorsee portions extending in reverselyf I inclined position to snd'sec-ured upon the' needledeem, :md e trnssmd rigidly secured et its oppesite ends tothe holsters, 'and exl tending beneath the queen-posts sensei 22. In e cer structure, s side sill, s doorfrsme erected upon the side sill and eempe' ing spec-ed door-prets defining e central dem# opening, queen-posts rigidly secured te the seid sill benefit-li the deer-pests, and .rovided lwith bra-ce portions reversely inc 'fined to# werd each other, and truss-rods rigid-ly connected with the side sills adjacent their opposite ends and extending beneath the queenpcsfs.

23. ln e cer structure, speeed side sills, holsters rig-id ly secured beneath the sid-e sills adjacent their opposite ends end extending transversely relative thereto, e doer-ireme erected upon the side sill sind comprising in tegrel-spseed do'erposts srelied et the tsp and defining e elisir-opening', centrally ef the sills, e truss-bar rigidly secu-redt@ the sills adjacent the holsters, and extending to and ercl'ied over the deer-treme, il needleleeem disposed transversely el the sills sied eentrsl'ly 'ef the deerwprenine's, queewpcsts iis iflly secured' to the sills beneath the dediposts and provided with sn-ece pertiem Fevesely inclined' extending te and secured upon the needledu `in, e tlussweel rieiclly secured et .its eppcsite ends te the bei] ster and extending lieneetl'i lie queen-pestis.

24. In s; csr structure, s side sill, spese-d queen-pests seemed te the side sill endl'iev me; lim-ee perl-ions extending; in reverselyn- I clined positirms end secured to tlie center @f the sill, lines-rods rigidly secured to the side sill' adjacent tl'ieir epposite ends and extending beneath the ,ueempests meses ceri-led liy 'tl-'1e truss-red ier engaging title epposite outer lisses el titre qneeispests, sind ineens carrie by llieI trusered between tire queenpesls lor exerting tensieel upon the red and pests.

25. ln e structure, spaced side sills,

extending twinstlfi sills seliecent then` opposite me erected upon the side sill intel el side posts, seid e tcp versel'v of mid cern pefisiing arched edition fle/lining' d deer-opening een-- trclly of the sill, the te sind erehcd over the arched portion @il the doer-fienile, e needlediesm extending treinsversely el the 'csr openings, queen--pests rigidly secured te tile side sills lJ-enieetli the spliced deer-pests, end provided with hisse pOrtiens--nweisely in'h elined extending and secured te tlie needlebezlrn, a tmssred rigidly site ends te tire belstes sind extending lie necth the queenepests, ceifficd` hy the truss-rml ier engaging' and licei-ing cgeinst the cuter opposite "ia-ees ofthe @leem-pests,

truss-bar rigidly seemedl to and means carried by the t'uss-jed 'estWiesn the queersposts for ereiflin-g tensiD/e epee the truss-rod endl the qseenfpcsts.

26. In s eer striwture, spaced side specerl arched cerlines secured :it their siepe sills edisieent the holsters end extending" end centrally of elle deer.

BiO

ses-ered et its spice? site ends to the said plates, and having upstanding llanges, a roof-plate having its edges turned at right angles to the plate and curved to conform to the curvature ot the carlines, and with a curved portion formed along its longitudinalfniiddle proportioned to cover one carline, a cap covering one upstanding edge of the root-plate, and a flange of one carline, removable means for securing the cap upon the carlines, and. removable means for securing the intermediate curved portions ol` the root-plate upon the intermediate carlines.

27. In a car structure, spaced side lines, and a single center beam, transverse beams rigidly secured at their vopposite ends to the center beam and the side sills, and arranged in pairs, floor-plates disposed upon the transverse sills.and having their opposite edges turned downward between the pairs of sills, and means for clamping the downwardlyturned edges of the floor-plates between the sills. i

2S; In a car structure, a center beam, and side sills spaced upon opposite sides of the center beam, transverse sills disposed between the center beain and the side sills, and having portions at each end turned at right f angles andl secured rigidly tothe said center beam and sill, the sain transverse beams beL ing arranged in pairs, a'lloor-platedisposed. upon' the transverse sills and -having its edges turned at right angles to the plate and disposed between the pairs ol transverse. sills and with edges adjacent the sides of the structure lturned upwardly, and inea-ns for clamping the downwardly-turned floor eo ges adjacent the transverse sills.

29. In a car structure, side sills, an end sill, a bolster disposed transversely of the structure and rigidlycounected at opposite ends to the side sill, inclined braces extending troni adjacent the bolster to and rigidly connected with the end sill adjacent its middle and lorniing'an arch, a draft-rigging disposed between the braces, and ineans carried by the braces'and extending beneath and to support the draft-rigging.

30. In a ear structure, side sills, an end sill, a bolster disposed transversely of the structure and rigidly connected at opposite ends to the side sills,.incline'd braces extending from adjacent the bolsterv to and rigidly connected with the en'd sill adjacent its middle, and forming an arch, a draft-rigging disposed between the braces, means carried by the braces extendingr beneath and to' support the draft-rigging, and inclined braces 'extending from adjacent the ends of the bolster to 'and rigidly connected with the draftrigging and forming anarch, v

3l. In a car structure, side sills, an end sill, a bolster disposed 'transversely ot `the structure and rigidly conneotedfatigpposite ends tothe side sills, extend ing troni adjacent the bolster to and rigidly connected with 'the end sill adjacent its middle, and' forming an arch, a (irait-rigging disposed between the: braces, `means'carried bythe braces and extending beneath and to support the drat-rigging,'inclined braces extending adjacent the end el the bolster to and rigidly connected with the draft-rigging and forming an arch, and gussets joining the two sets of inclined braces intermediate their' ends.

32. In a car structure, queen-posts forining an arch beneath the center of the car.

33. In a car structure; a side sill, queenposts disposed beneath the center of the side sill and'provided with members forming an arch.

34. In a car structure, a side sill, queenposts disposed beneath the sill and forming an arch, and a truss-rod having its opposite ends connected with the sill and disposed. beneath the queen-posts.

35. In a car structure, a side sill, spaced b queen-posts disposed beneath the middle ol' V thesill and provided with inclined portions extending toward each other and forming an arch, and means lor supporting and'exerting tension upon the queen-posts.-

36. In a car structure, a side sill, spaced queen-posts disposed beneath the middle of 95 the sill and having portions extending along and secured to the`\sill, and with inclined portions extending toward each other and 'forming an arch, and ineans disposed beneath and to support the queen-pests.

37. In a car structure, a side'silh'a side plate, an arched door-frame erected. between the sill and plate and rigidly secured to each, a truss-bar arched over the top of the doorfraine and having its opposite ends rigidly connected witl'i the sills, and braces extending between the plate and the truss-bar intermediate the door-traine and its ends.

In a car structure, side sill, a side plate, an arched. door-trame erected between "1li o the sill and plate a truss-bar arched overA the top of the door-'frame andwith'its opposite ends'rigidly secured to the sill and a brace extending from the plate to the truss-bar in-y termediate the door-frame and one end, and,l disposed substantially at right angles to the truss-bar. j i i 39. In a earstructure, a 'side sill, asideM plate, an arched door-frame, erectedabetween. the sill; and plate, a trussbar archedbve'r door-frame and rigidly secured at` itsj'o'pposite ends to the sill, a braceextending from the plate to the truss-bar,inte'rinodiatev 'the' door-frame and one end, and'd'isp ed substantiallyatright angles to the, and a brace extending` from; fthe sill *to the truss-bar, g a "'"pgiefl illistantially lat, right angles to th miss ba Y' lov 'Ian eieniareheadoo

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