US836301A

US836301A - Riveter or punch.

Info

Publication number: US836301A
Application number: US15882103A
Authority: US
Inventors: Samuel S Caskey
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1903-05-26
Filing date: 1903-05-26
Publication date: 1906-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 1923-11-20

Description

No. 836,301. PATENTEDNOV. 20, 1906. S. S. GASKEY. RIVETER OR PUNCH.h

APPLICATION FILED MAY 26, 11903.

' gle-chamber 8.

- pull-back head 13, which moves in the pullvalve, although it is `apparent that other UNITED STATES PATENT cleric-3E.

SAMUEL S. CASKEY, OF PHILADELPHIA, IPENN,SYLVANIA y nlv'ETl-:n on PUNCH. s

Specification of Letters Patent.. Application tiled-,Illy 26, 1903. Serial No. 158.821..

' .Patentedivom 2o, 190e.-

To all whom it-'may concern:

citizen of the'United States, residing 1n the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement'in Riveters or Punches, 'of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists of la novel construction of riveter or punch wherein I employ a novel combination -of a toggle mechanism which is operated by a piston moved by compressed a1r or other motive fluid, the upper portion of said toggle mechanlsm being adapted to press against a movable abutment of oil or other liquid, as will be hereinafter explained. l

To the above ends my invention consists of novel features of construction, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

Figure 1 re resents a vertical sectional view of a punc or riveter embodyin my invention. Fig. 2 represents a front e ovation of Fi 1. Fig. 3 represents a section on line x m, lFigs. 1 and 2. '-Fig. 4- represents a sectional view similar to F1g. 3, but showing the valve in reversed position. Fig. 5 represents a vertical sectional view of another embodi-` ment of my invention. Fig. 6 represents a vertical sectional view through the valvechest seenin Fig. 5, showing the valve in reversed position. Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail of the operating-lever and its connection with' the slide-valve.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts' in the figures.

Referrin to the drawings, (referringirst to Fig. 4,) 1 r esignates the laterally-extending main cylinder having the valve-chest 2, provided with the live-air inlet 3, and thevalve 4, which is shown as being ay hollow balanced forms of valve may be employed. When the valve 4 is in the position seen in Fig. 4, the piston 5 is about to move tothe left from its extreme right-hand position, as seen in Fig. 4, and the port 6 is open to the exhaust-passages 7, whereby the air is exhausted from the tog- During the act of exhausting the air from the toggle-chamber the oil in the stationary reservoir `9is forced .through the passage 10 into the chambei1 11, in which reciprocates the piston 12, which has the back chamber 14. 1,5 designates a link having its upper end pivoted to the lower portion of the piston 12, the lower end of said link be- 1 'ingiconnected to the contiguous ends of the Be it known that I, SAMUEL S.' CAsxEY, a :lm l

ing center

1,8, the opposite end of the like 116

s

16 and 17 by means of. the pin or floatbemg pivotally connected -to the rivetingram 19, while the op osite end of the link 17 is pivotally connecte( to the piston 5. While the piston 5 is moving from the osition seen in Fig. 4 to the position seen in `ig. 1 live air is acting on sai( piston through the port 20, and a portion of said live air Hows through the 'p ipe 21 into the chamber 22 ,a art of said live a1r passing through the chec -valve 23into,

on the rod 25. The port 26 admits air to revent a vacuum beneaththe piston 24. he cvlinder 1 may or may not be integral with the hook'27, whose lower portion carries the lower -die 28, the upper die 29 being connected t`o the ram 19.

In Figs. 5 and 6 I have shown a construction of punch or riveter wherein the broad principle embodied in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, is employed, the only structuraldifferences being that the main cylinder standsin an Vupright instead of a horizontal osition, as seen in Fig. 1, andl have also emp oyed a slightlydifferent form of slide-valve and its adjuncts from that seen in Figs. 1, 3, and 4. In Fi s. 5 and 6, 30 designates the hook, having t e riveting-ram 31 mounted therein, which carries the .upper die 32, the lower die 33 being carried on the lower portion of said hook. The riveting-ram 31 is actuated by a to gle mechanism consisting of a link 34, which is pivotally attached at 35 to the elbow-lever 36, consisting of the

membersy

37 and 38. The member 38 is pivotally attached at 39 to the link 40, which is pivotally connected to the piston 41 in the main cylinder 42, which from cham-- ber 22 by the friction of the stufling-box 26"..

corresponds to the main'cylinder hereinbeton being adapted to press` against the oilabutmentcontained in the chamber 44, the latter communicating with the reservoir 45 by means of'the` passage 46, which is controlled by the check-valve 47, said checkvalve seating upwardly and bein held against its seat by a suitable spring an( beingy a apted to b'e depressed or unseated by means of the rod 48, which is movable in the reservoir 45,-the upper fend of said rod being pivotally attached to the operatin r-lever 49, which has at onel end a member aving an elongated slot 50, in which is received a pin 51, attached to the valve-rod 52, whereby the slidey or other valve 53 is operated. Live air is led into the valve-chest 54 through the inle't 55, it being seen that a communication is had between said valve-chest and the reservoir 45 by means of thc connection 56. When the partsare in the position seen in Fig. 5, it will be apparent that live air is entering the passa re 57 and passing through the port 58 into t e chamber 59 beneath the piston 41,v

whereby the latter is about to be raised from the position seen in full lines in Fig. 5 to the position seen in dotted lines therein, ythe ex- ,iaust taking place through the passage 60 and main exhaust-port 61 to the atmosphere. When the piston 41 is in the position seen in dotted lines in Fig. 5, it will be apparent that to move the same to the position seen in full lines in said figure the valve 53 must be moved to the position seen in Fig. 6, whereby live air passing through the'passage 60 acts on the piston 41, which moves downwardly to the position seen in full lines in Fig. 5, the exhaust tak-ing place through port 58, passage 57, and main exhaust-port 61 to the atmosphere when the valve 53 is in the position seen in Fig. 6.

It will be apparent from the fore oing that when the toggle mechanism and t e pistons are in the position seen-dotted in Fig. 1 and the valve 4 -is in the position shown in Fig. 4 the dies are open and ready to force the die 29 and ram 19 down on the rivet to be headed. Air having been exhausted from the toggle-chamber and relieving the left-hand si e ofthe piston 5 from pressure, the air in direct contact with the oil in the chamber 9 forces the oil in said chamber throughthe passage 10 and upon'the top of the ram 12, causing said ram to move downwardly, pushing the toggle mechanism and ram 19, with its die 29, until said die comes in contact with the rivet to be headed. During this movement the toggle remains in a bent position, as shown by dotted vlines in Fig. 1, and swings from the pin 62 as'a pivot. The length of the rivet'to be headed may-be long or short as compared with the llast one headed, and vyet the die will come uponit without materially changing the position ofthe toggle. It l is also to .be notedthat this movement is obtained with a comparatively small expenditure of air' or motive fluid and that. this movement is non-effective in making the rivet'- head. The lar e expenditure of motive iiuid is reserved in this and all other of m pending applications until the die -is on t e rivet to'be headed, and in this case I further save air by applying the toggle mechanism at the last movement, which is when air enters the passay e 20, Fig. 4, and forces the piston 5 to the le t, causing the toggle to straighten out and `giveva constantly-increasing pressure on the rivet-head until it is a maximum, when the toggles are shown in full vlines and straightened out, as in Fig. 1. It is further to be noted that in all toggle mechanisms this maximum pressure theoretically becomes infinite, and where adjustin -screws are used to take up the variation o grip of the dies 28 and 29-it is possible to break the hooks. To prevent -this objection to togglemachines, I place a small intensifyin device, which acts as a relief-valve to the oil 1n chamber 11. This intensifying device consists of and the pressure in the chamber 11 is due to the ratio of areas in the rod 25 and piston 24 when the rod 25 is forced into the passage 10 by the air on the piston 24, which air acts simultaneously on said

pistons

24 and 5. To open the dies it is only necessary to put the valve 4 into the position shown in Fig. 3. Air then enters the passage 6, as. above explained, and forces the piston 5 back to the right to the position in Fig. 4, breaking the toggle-lock and simultaneously forcing the pul -back piston 13 upwardly, overcoming the pressure on the oil and intensifying-rod, and the oil flows back into the chamber 9. While air is entering the assage 6 the air which was in the chamber ack of the piston 5 and above the piston 24 is simultaneously exhausted through the passages 20 and 7 to' the atmosphere, the parts belng then in the positions shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. In Fig. 5 the operations are the same except that instead of an automatic relief I have applied the above-described manual positive means for opening the check-valve 47I to control the fluid in the chamber 44, and instead of a pull-back piston,as 13 in Fig.v 1, thearran ement and alinement of the main iston pul s the whole mechanism, piston inc uded, upwardly and parallel with said main piston after the check-valve 47 releases the oil in the chamber 44.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that this riveter is built for very hard usage and there is very little liability of breakage. The packings are 'easy of examination, and the construction of the machine secures the maximum pressure on a rivet, with as littleweight in the machine as is possible. It works rapidly Without shock or jar, is easy to handle, and gives a uniform pressure on every rivet.

o blow is given when using this machine,

the piston 24 and rod 25, above referred to,

ICO

and therefore no crystallization takes place upon the rivet when being driven.

The riveter is suspended by a bail., (not shown,) which allows it to be moved and operated in either a vertical or horizontal posi- `oil chambers and cylinders the operation of the machine in very cold Weather and in other places is permitted with no danger of freezing, which is not the case in riveters of hydraulic. pressure alone.

It will be evident that various changes may be 'made by those skilled in the art which may come within the scope of my 1nvention, and I do not, therefore, desire to be limited in every instance to the exact construction herein shown and described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Let- `l. A punch or riveter comprising a ram, a

f movable abutment held from retraction by a substantially incompressible liquid for advancing said ram during a portion of its stroke, coacting pneumatic means opera'- tively connected with Said abutment and ram for completing the stroke, an intensifying device, and means permitting compressed air to act upon said liquid, said means and 1n.- tensifying device arrangedy to act in unison.

2. A punch or riveter comprising a ram, .a movable abutment separated from the ram and held from retraction by a substantially incompressible liquid for advancing said ram during a portion of its stroke, eoacting neumatic means operatively connected wit said abutment and ram for completing the stroke and adapted to constantly increase the force exerted upon said ram during its stroke, an intensifyingl device, and means l permitting compressed air to act upon said iquid,said meansand intensifying device arranged to act in unison. l

3. In a punch or riveter, a ram, almovable abutment substantially in line with and separated from said ram, an oil-chamber behind said abutment,',means Jor the-admission of oil to said oil-chamber, means for permitting compressed air to act upon said oil for advancing the ram through the iirst part of its stroke, anintensifying device having a portion movable through the oil, a main piston,l a togglejoint connecting said ram and said abutment and operatively' connected with said piston.

4. In a punch lor riveter, a ram, a movable abutment substantially in line with and connected to said ram, an oil-,chamber behind said abutment, means operative throughthe oil in said` chamber forl advancing said ram through the first part of its stroke and an actuating-piston operative through a togglejoint connecting said ram and said abutment by means of which the effective force of said ram is increased through the latter part of its stroke. v

5. In a punch or riveter, a ram, a movable abutment substantially in line with andconnected to said ram, an oil-chamber behind said abutment, means operative through the oil in said chamber for advancing said ram through the first part of its stroke, and an ac- Y tuating-piston operative through a togglejoint connecting said ram` and said abutment by means of Which the' effective force of said ram is increased through the latter part of its stroke, and relievable means for reventing the outiiow of. oil from said a utment-chamber during the advancement of said ram.

6. 'In a punch or riveter, a ram, a movable abutment substantially in line with and connected to said ram, an oil-chamber behind said abutment, means operative through the oil in said chamber'for advancing said ram through the first part of its stroke and an actuating-piston( operative through a togglejoint connecting said ram and sald abutment by means of which the effective force of said ram is increased through the latter part'of its stroke, and automatically relievable means for preventing the outfiow of oil from said abutment-chamber during the` advancement of said ram.

7. In a punch or riveter, a ram, a movable abutment substantially in line -With said ram, an oil-chamber behind said abutment, a main cylinder, an actuating-piston in said cylinder, a toggle-joint connecting said ram roo and said abutment and operatively conand said abutment and unitary means for I controlling all said passages. 8. A punch or riveter comprising a hook, a ram, a movable abutment substantially in line with said ram, an oil-chamber behind saidabutment, an oil-reservoir, a passage between said reservoir and said chamber, an air-chamber, a piston movable in saidair-k chamber its rod passing into said yreservoir and adapted to enter said passage, a main cylinder, an actuatingiston in said cylinder and means for the simu taneous admission of air to said main cylinder, said reservoir and said air-chamber.

9. A punch or riveter, comprising a hook, a ram, a movable abutment substantially in line With said ram, an oil-chamber behind said abutment, an oil-reservoir, a passage between said reservoir and said chamber, an air-chamber, .a piston movable in said airchamberits rod passing into said/ reservoir and adapted to entersaid passage, a main IIC IIS

cylinder, an actuating-piston in said cylinder, means for the simultaneous admission of air to said main cylinder, said reservoir and said chamber, and an exhaust from said air-chamber beneath its piston.

10. 1n a punch or riveter, a ram, a movable abutment connected With said ram, an oil-chamber behind said abutment, an actuating-piston also connected with said ram, an air-chamber, an oil-reservoir, a valvecontrolled connection with an air-supply for said reservoir and air-chamber, a piston in said air-chamber and an intensifier carried by said piston and movable ythrough said reservoir adapted by its retraction under excessive pressure to permit the retraction of said abutment 1i. In a unch or riveter, a maineylinder, a piston t erein, a lriveting-ram, a piston above said ram, an oil-abutment for said piston, toggle mechanism intermeniate the piston, said riveting-ram and the piston coacting with said oil-abutment, means for admitting air-pressure upon said oil-abutment, and a valve mechanism for controlling the movement of the piston in said main cylinder.

SAMUEL S. CASKEY. Witnesses:

JoHN A. WIEDERSHEIM, E. HAYWARD FAIRBANKS.