US832983A

US832983A - Electrode for use in the manufacture of bleaching liquor.

Info

Publication number: US832983A
Application number: US28567005A
Authority: US
Inventors: Richard Kother
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1905-11-03
Filing date: 1905-11-03
Publication date: 1906-10-09
Anticipated expiration: 1923-10-09

Description

PATBNTED OCT. 9, 190e.

y No. 832,983.

R. KOTHBR. ELBGTRODE POR USE IN THE MANUPAGTURE 0F BLEAGHING LIQUOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 3, 1905.

Ivy/JN @y kmk .. electrolytic .apparatusto the bottom elec- UNITED STATES PATENT oEEroE.

RICHARD Koruna, or CUNEWALDE, GERMANY, AssIGNoR or oNEHALF ro CHARLES EDWARD WAITHMAN GA DDUM, or MoNTEoRD, cnEsH- nur, ENGLAND. 1 o

ELECTRODE FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BLEACHING LIQUOR.

'Specification of Letters Patent.l

Patented oet. e, 190e.

Application tiled NovemberA 3, 1905. Serial No. 285,670.

T0 all whom it may concern: I

. Be it known that I, RICHARD Ko'rHER, a subj ect of the King of Saxony, and a resident of Cunewalde, No. 178, Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Electrodes for Use in the Manufacture of Bleaching Liquor, of-

through which bipolar e ectrodes pass hori-r zontally.

The present invention provides a very efficient and simple construction and arrangement oi' such apparatus, one electrode only being arranged in each/non-conducting partition in such manner that each two .adjoining electrodes are arranged in step-like formation and project on either side from the nonconducting partitions,the electrodos in the electrolytic apparatus thus forming a series of steps. Current is supplied on one side ofthe trode in such manner that an electrode acting as an anode is always situated under one 'projecting portion oi the next electrode yacting as a cathode.

The electrolyte is supplied in such manner that the level of the liquid is only slightly above the upper electrode acting as the cathode, for the purpose of enabling the hydrogen generated to escape easily and oi minimizing its reducing action. The electrodes can be made of any desired material-for instance, of platinum, carbon, or the like-in the Jform of plates, bars, nets, Wires, or strips, the chief point being that the electrodes should bearranged above each otherin step-like formae 'tion and that the bottom electrode in each step-like section should act as an anode, and the electrode above it as a cathode.

Several constructions of the apparatus according to this invention are illustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying drawings, in whichy Y Figure l shows an electrolytic apparatus in vertical longitudinal section. Fig. '2 is a vertical cross-section thereof. Fig. 3 is a par# tial vertical longitudinal section of a'modified form. Fig. 4 is a similar view. of another modified form, and Fig. 5 is a transverse section of lthe same.

As will be seenin Fig. l, the electrolytic apparatus a is divided` b a number of nonconducting'partitions b b2 b3 b4, &c into separate compartments c c c2 c3 c, &c. and the-electrodes d are mounted. in a Watertight manner crosswise oi' the non-conducting partitions b. One electrodeis arran ed in each non-conductin partition, the e ectrode in the partition being at a slightlyhigher level than the electrode in the partition b, and so onso that the electrodes appear. in the form. oi steps. The current is supplied to the lowest left-hand electrode d acting as an anode, so that the half of the next electrode projecting from the partition b and situated over the said lowest electrode acts as a cathode. The current goes from the left-hand half of this electrode to the right-hand half,which acts as an anode, while the port-ion of the neX't electrode above it acts as cathode. Electrolyte is supplied to each separate compartment through holes e, Fig. 2, in one wally and is discharged at the other side throu h holes f in the other Wall g', so that the evel of the liquid is only slightlylabove the electrode acting as cathode In this way the advantage is obtained that the escape oi hydrogen is facilitated and its reducing action minimized as inuch as possible.

ln the constructions shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the electrodes are made lof thin sheets of platinum, the halves acting as cathode being provided with holes'h for the purpose of facilitating the escape of the hydrogen generated, while the halves acting as anodes are nected with the carbon.

IOO

In the construction shown in Figs. 4 and 5 electrode-bars k, of any desired materialfor instance, of carbon-arc arranged step- Wise, the material lacting as anode--for instance, platinum-if desired, with the insertion of an insulating protective layer, being secured to one-half of each electrode.` The supply of electro] te to each separate compartment takes p ace through a hole Z, the discharge takinplace through a hole m in the opposite wail.

In Workin the constructions shown in Figs. 3, 4, an 5 operate in the same manner as the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 Havin now particularly described and ascertainef the nature of my said invention, I declare that what I claim isy v1. Electrolytic apparatus for the inanufacture of bleaching liquor comprising co1npartments separated by non-conducting partitions, a single electrode arranged horizontally'in each non-conducting partition and projecting on either side thereof in such manner that eachtwo adjoining half-electrode lie horizontally one above the other-forming a step-like arrangement ofthe electrodes, the lower electrode portionl in each compartment acting as an anode and the projecting half of the next electrode situated above it acting as a cathode.

2. Electrolytic apparatus for the manufacture of bleaching liquor comprising a plurality of compartments at different heights and separated by non-conducting partitions, an electrodel in one compartment, an electrode in an adjacent compartment projecting into the :first-named compartment above the electrode therein, `the part of the electrode so projecting being perforate and means for passing an electrolyte through each compartment.

3. Electrolytic apparatus for the manufacture of bleaching liquor comprising compartments separated by non-conducting partitions, a .single electrode arranged horizontally in each non-conducting partition and projecting. on either side thereof insuch inanner that each two adjoining half-electrode lie horizontally one above the other forming a step-like arrangement of the electrodes, the upper proj ecting half of an electrode in each compartment being perforated, the lower electrode portion in each compartment acting as an anode and the projecting halfof the next electrode situated above it acting as a y cathode.

In witness whereof I have hereuntoy set my