US832446A

US832446A - Pencil-sharpener.

Info

Publication number: US832446A
Application number: US30274606A
Authority: US
Inventors: Frederick Edward Vesey Baines
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1906-02-24
Filing date: 1906-02-24
Publication date: 1906-10-02
Anticipated expiration: 1923-10-02

Description

' PATENTED UGT. 2,- 1906.

r. E. *v. BAINBs. PENCIL SHARPBNBR. -f

APPLICATION -ILED TBB. 24. 190B.

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UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE;

PENCIL-SHARPENER.

f Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 2, 1906.

Application filed February 24:, 1906. Serial No. 302,746.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK EDWARD VEsEY BAINEs, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 16 Gloucester Place, Greenwich, in the county of Kent, England, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Pencil-Sharpeners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that type of socalled pocket pencil-Sharpeners which consists of an internally-coned part, hereinafter called the body part, having a cutaway part forming a longitudinal opening therein and of a ixed cutting-blade project-I ing through said opening. This type of'pencil-Sharpener having no moving parts is mexpensive to construct and is convenient and portable in form; but as vat present made it is deiicient in practical utihty, owing to the fact that the cutting edge of the blade operates against the grain of the wood ofthe encil, and consequently does not cut it easily or cleanly, and, further, it is apt to cause a lateral strain u onthe graphite or lead of the pencil, whic tends to break it as soon as the edge of the cutting-blade loses its sharpness. In pencil- Sharpeners of this type the cutting edge of the blade has hitherto been located either parallel with one side of the coned hole in the body part and on one side of the axis thereof or at such an angle therewith that the front en'd of the blade-fi. e., the end nearest to the smaller end of the coned hole-is in advance oi the rear end, with the result that the blade always cuts against the grain of the wood forming the sheath of the lead or graphite oi the pencil.

According to the present invention the blade is so mounted on the body part with respect to the coned hole that its cutting edge lies across the 4longitudinal slot in the said body part, with the result that the point produced on the encil is not a straight-sided cone, but a cone t e sides of which are concave or inwardly curved. A blade to be operative in this position must not have a flat under side, as is common with blades used for these devices, but must be formed with a clearance on its under side immediately behind the cutting edge, which clearance can be produced by backing oli or undercutting either by grinding or shaping.

The number of blades employed in each Sharpener depends upon the shape it is de-l sired to give to the point of the pencil, which may be varied from a single concave-sided cone, which can be produced by a single blade,

to a series oi concave-sided cones either mergr tance apart the blades are fixed, the plane in which they lie with respect to the side of the cone-shaped hole, and the angle their cutting edges make with the axial line ofthe said hole determine the sha e that is given to the point of the pencil. hen a plurality of blades is employed, they may conveniently b e arranged on more than one side of the coned hole.

Although the blades hereinbefore described may be employed for cutting both the wood and the lead or graphite of the pencil, it is preferred to employ them for cutting the wood part only and to provide a separate cutting device for sharpening the lead or graphite. Such a cutter consists of a wholly or partially cone shaped thimble of steel or other suitable metal, the open end of which is'slotted in several places, so as to form V- shaped depressions, the junction of the inner edges of the said depressions with the interior of the thimble producing the cutting edges, When such an auxiliary cutter is employed, it is preferablyarranged axially with the coned hole having the blades for cutting the wood part of the pencil; but this is not obligatory. When so located,l however, in

inverse position, it conveniently forms a stop for the end of the lead of the pencil to bear against when the other part of the Sharpener is being used, and thus prevents the wooden part of the pencil being cut to waste. The

cutter for the lead may be mounted in a coned hole of the same angle as the larger one in inverse position, so that when the shaped part of the wood engages the plain end it operates as a stop by preventing the forward movement of the pencil to prevent 'the lead part being cut away to waste. holes may either or both be provided with cylindrical extensions to Jform guides for the pencil.

in order that this invention may be fully IOO The coned understood, I will more particularly describe l:

the bodypart.

- blades.

I .tingfthezwooden part ofithe pencil.

.fand 116 are .views =in elevation, lpartly in sec- ".tionfand lplan,;1'espectively, .of the cutter for A:cutting the lead or ygraphite -of 'the pencil;v

it, making yreference .to kthe accompanying drawings, :in which-` Figure l is a view in front elevation-ola Sharpener Aconstructed according to this in-l vention having one cutting-blade. Fig. 2 is a Aview in transverse section thereof on line a; x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view in side elevation of Fig. 4 is a view in front elevation of the cutter for cutting the wooden part of the pencil. Figs. 5 and 6 are views in elevation, partly in section and plan, respectively,A of 'thecutter for cutting the lead or graphiteof the pencil; and Fig. 7 is a view .showing theshapeofthe point of a pencil cut :withfthls-sharpener. lFig. Sis a view in front lelevationfofa -sliarpener 'having two cuttinglFigs. 9 and l0 are views in trans- -versesection-fonlines remand y y,'respectively, :of vFig.f8. Figs. v111, l2, and 13 are -views in 'Ifrontelevatiom side elevation, and plan, respectively, `of lthe body part. Fig. 14 is a `view'iin front elevationof the cutter for cut- Figs. 15

and Fig. 17vis-aviewshowing the shape of the `:point .of the pencil cut 'by this sharpener.` Figs 18-and y1 gare-views in frontA and side elevation, respectively, .of asharpener having a gplura'lity Vof blades. `Figs. 20 fand '21 are .similar views in 'longitudinal section thereof;

.'and .Figs. `22 and`23 are views -in-elevation :and iplan, showing the shape of the point Aof Kthe -pencil cut with this Sharpener.

'Throughout the views similar parts :are

' :marked 'with flike :letters of reference.

` `tapered holefa-z'.-e.,`to the average angleof itheiconcavessidedicone itis-'intended to shape -the :p oint of the pencil :to-so as to l expose `,the .eonedlholeiaintheshape of a longitudinal slot 4.or @pening 4t2. @n the face Aa. of vthe cut- :away parto'fthe lbody A lis amounted the cutiing-bladeB in such a positionthatitscutting .edge b iliesracross .theaxial lineiofthe coned hole, fand .thereforeof ithe longitudinal slot or opening faz lin :the ibody part. To give the 4cutting .edge fb of ithe blade the :necessary fclearanceon :the underside `to-enable lit to -be- :come operative, iit is .shaped or i'ormed with .-an :undercut fb', -as shown. The `knife ymay :bexi-Xedfto the bodyspartinany suitablemanf'ner, aconvenientonebeingitot it vagainst-.a projection, such .as aon :the `face a, :and :to t odk it jin :position :bya single` screwC, lthread- `edii'ntotthe face-a and engagingiby'itsheada .corner "b2, yformed :in the bladezby cutting or shaping, :as shown. 'The fpositionof 'the lcutting-blade may be so arranged as to cut away bot-ht'he 'wood..and lthe leadofathe pencil; but lit is ,preferable :to 4femploy a separate cutterfor the lead part. Such acutter may consist of a steel bush D, having a series of radially-arranged V-shaped slots d, cut or rformedinone end, as shownin Figs. 5 and 6. This cutter may belocated in any convenient .part of thebodypart A, but preferably axially with respect to the coned hole a, in which case the base of the cutter can conveniently yform a stop for the lead of the pencil to abut against, and soprevent the wood of the pencil being cut to waste. This type of sharpener having one blade is only adapted to sharpen pencils of a small diameter.

Referring to Figs.'8,'9, 10, 11, l2, .13, 14, 15, and 16, which illustrate a sharpenerjfor use with pencils of lthe usual size, two cutting-blades B areemployed, and'they are so arranged -withrespect to one another that the point of the pencilisiformed, asshownin Fig. 17,*of two concave-sided conedlparts o v and 'two -straight or parallel parts w and w', thus making the point `a llong one. The desired length of point canbe obtained-either bylincreasing the lengths ofthe straightoriparallel parts orby increasing thenumber of both the concave-sided coned yparts'and-the straight or lparallel-parts bythe employment ofmorecutvting-blades.

Referring-to Figs. 118, 19, 20, and 21, when Yitis desired to form thepoint of the pencilof a 'seriesof `concave-sided `cones merging .fintoa one another, as shown=in Fig. 22, itrisfnecessary to employ a larger -numberof cuttingblades, =in which case the blades are ,prefer- :ably-arranged in two groups,one onfeac'h side of the body part, as shown, thearrangement f being-such that `the bladesof onegroup itake up Ythe cut fromthe blades of the other-group, and so between them produce a continuous fout, as ydiagrammatically shown 2in Figs. 22 .and'23.

:I lwish :it to be understood that 'this :invention is applicable notonly to sharpeners in which the necessary rotary .action :is produced lby the Vtwo 'hands'of the operator, ibut it is also `applicable fto those :instruments @in whic'hrthe rotary motioniis'obtained mechanically.

What I Aclaimas lmy-vinvention, and desire vto secure by Letters Patent, isl l. The fcombination in a Kpencil-sha11 ener,

`of a body parthaving a coned :hole .t erein and a cut-away .part forming a longitudinal .slotor opening-.into-saidconed hole, :androfka :cutting-blade fbacked off for :undercut on :its under -side immediately'b e'hind the' cutting edge, the said blade =being mounted onfsaid cut-away part Aofthe body part so 'that =its cutting `edge 5lies across `the said longitudinal slot oropening in said :body part, assetforth.

2. The combination fin a pencil-Sharpener of :a vbody part having a coned lhole .therein and stepped cut-away parts formingfa .longiitudinal .slot or opening `into vsaid -rconed hole backed off cutting- IOO IIO

blades so mounted on the stepped portions of the cut-away part of the body part that their cutting edges lie parallel With each other across the longitudinal slot or opening inthe body part, as set forth.

3. The combination in a pencil-Sharpener, of a body part having a coned hole therein and oppositely arranged cut -aWay parts forming longitudinal slots or openingsinto said coned hole, and of tWo cutting-blades each having a plurality of cutting edges mounted on said cut-away parts of the body part so that said cutting edge lies across the axis of thepconed hole, the inclination of the said cutting edges being such that the ends of said edges nearest to the larger end of the coned hole are in advance of the other ends of said cutting edges in relation to the direction in which the pencil is rotated to be sharpened, as set forth.

4. The combination in a pencil-sharpener, of a body part having a coned hole therein and a cut-away part forming a longitudinal slot or o ening into said coned hole, and of a cuttinglad backed off or undercut on its under side immediately behind the cuttiny edge the said blade bein mounted on sai cut-away part of the bo y part so that its cutting 'edge lies across the said longitudinal slot or opening in said body oart, the inclination of .the cutting edge of the said blade being such that the end of said edge nearest to the larger end 4of the coned hole 1s in advance of the other end of said cutting edge in relation to the direction in which the pencil is rotated to be sharpened, as set forth.

5. The combination in a pencil-Sharpener, of a body part having a coned hole therein and a cut-away part forming a longitudinal slot or opening into said coned hole, and of a plurality of cutting-blades backed off or undercut on their under sides immediately behind their cutting edges the said blades being mounted on said cut-away part of the body part in echelon, each with its cutting edge at an angle With and intersecting the said longitudinal slot or opening in said body part, the inclination of the cutting edges being such that the ends of said edges nearest to the larger end of the coned hole are in advance of the other ends of said cutting edges in relation to the direction in which the pencil is rotated to be sharpened, as set forth.

6. The combination in a pencil-Sharpener, of a body part having a coned hole therein and a plurality of cut-away parts forming longitudinal slots or openings into said coned hole, and of a plurality of cutting-blades backed off or undercut on their under sides immediately behind their cutting edges, the said blades being arranged in groups on said cut-away parts of the body part the blades of each group having their cutting edges at an angle With and intersecting one of the longitudinal slots or openings in said body part, the inclination of the cutting edges being such that the ends of said edges nearest to the larger end ofthe coned hole are in advance of the other ends of said cutting edges in relation to the direction in Which the pencil is rotated to be sharpened7 as set forth.

FREDERICK EDWARD VESEY BAINES.

Witnesses:

G. V. SYMEs, H. D. JAMESON.