US827924A - Electric elevator. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED AUG. 7, 1906.

D. LARSON.

ELECTRIC ELEVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

. certain connected parts and electrical circuits which I employ in carrying out my inven.

1 UNITED STATES PATENT omen.

DAVID LARSON or .YONKERS, NEW YORK.

' ELEGTRIO ELEVATOR.

No. 827,924. e

I will describe my invention in the following specification and pointout the novel fea-' tures thereof in claims. Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 shows diagrammatically an electric elevator with tion. Figs. 2, 3, 1, and 5 illustrate modifications of one part of the Fig. 1. Fig. '6'is a side e evation, partly in section, of an 'electrically-actuated brake. Fig. 7 is a front elevation of a detail of a lockvation the 1 positions.

ing device, and Figs; '8 and 9 show in side ele parts shown in Fig. 7 in different Like characters of reference designate corresponding 'parts in all of the figures.

21 is themotor-shait, and this may be connected to the inding-drum- 22 by suitable gearing within'the casing 23.

. arranged to 01 erate the elevator-car.

- designates an elevator-car, which may be connected to a winding-drum 22 by means of a rope or cable 11. 12 is a counterweight which ma be connected to this same winding-drum y another rope or cable 13. ZO-designates an electric motor, whicIh is t is shown in the rawings as an alternating current motor; but it may be any suitable type of motor. I

- is an electrically-actuated brakep It may be constructed'as shown in Fig. 6, in

which an electromagnet 31 is arranged with a solenoid coil or winding 32, within which is a loose core 33. The frame'of magnet 31 and i I also the. core 33 are preferably laminated to fit closel have a vertical movement within the portion when used with alternating'currents. The

magnet 31 isLsupported by a frame 34. Di-' rectlybelow the'magnet a portion 34 of this f frame is finished to receive a 'wei ht or plunger 35. These parts are preierab yarranged y, but'to allow the plunger'35 to 34. The magnet-core 33' rests upon but is Speeiflcationof Letters Patent. 7 Application filed July 24, 1905 Serial No. 270.956

apparatus shown in pulse-current, w tomatically out down as soon as it has done its work. This, then, is a particularly efficient Patented Au 7, 1906.,

.not attached to the plunger 35." A lever 36 is pivoted at 36 to the frame 34 and is at tached at36 and 36 to the ends of a brakeband 37, which artiall surroundsa brake-r .pulley 24, whic isrigidly attachedto the motor-shaft 21.- The other end {of the lever 36 is extended to a point directly under the plunger 35, and the latter rests upon it; A

sprlng 38 may be placed under thelever 36 and arranged to partially overcome the action of the weight ofithe lunger 35 and the core 33. "Before procee ing with the description of the rest of the apparatus I will describe the operation of this brake. When the magnet 31 is energized by having a current passed through its winding 32,. it will lift its core 33.

A projection 33 may be provided on the upper end of the core33 and a,

corresponding recess 31 provided in the magnetic frame of magnet 31,. if desired, in

order to increase the length of pull of the magnet and to increase its efficiency. As the core is not attached to anything and the magnet has to lift only the weight of this core, the i core itself may be designe to have considerable weight. Moreover, as the core when raised has a tendency to short-circuit some of the magnetic lines in the frame of the magnet 31, and as this has a choking eifect'upon the currentin winding32 the latter may be designed to car a comparatively heavy im- 'ch will immediately'be auarrangement. The spring 38 is made of sufficient strength to lift the plunger 35 and move its connected parts when the core 33 is raised from it. it will then push u the end ofle'ver 36, and thereby loosen t e brakeband '37. When the-current is cut off from the Winding 32 and the magnet thereby becomes-deenergized, it allows the core 33 to drop down onto the plunger 35, and the combined weight ofthe core and the plunger is s'ufiicient to overcome the. action of spring 38 and to apply the brake. The portion 3 1 of frame 34 w ich receives the upper portion "of plunger 35 ma be made a sufficiently close fit to act as a ash-pot andto retard the I movement of plunger 35. -When the core is raised, it is clear of the plunger 35that is, it is arranged to'be raised above the upper limit of the plungers movement-so that no vibration of the core due to alternations of the excitin -current or other causes will be transmitte to the plunger and the brake.

. it t -rotate-in t 'I will now describe a novel arrangement for Referring again to Fig. 1, 40 designates a suitable source of electrical supply. here shown as a source of alternating-current -supply connected to the rimary of a transformer 41. through a main switch 42 by means of the mains 43, 44, and 45 to various arts of the apparatus. designates a ase, upon which is mounted an electrically-actuated reversing or starting switch for the motor 20. Thisswitch comprises two electromagnets 51 and 52 and certain contacts and other parts, which I will now describe. 51 and 51 are stationary contacts situated near magnet 51. 51 and 51 are movable contacts arranged to be closed against the "stationary contacts by means of a spring 51 whenever magnet 51 is energized and lifts its core 51*, but to be pushed down and away from the stationary contacts by the weight of core 51 when the magnet is not energized. The main 43 is connectedto stationary contact 51", and the main 45 is connectedto stationary contact 51. One of the motor-terminals 26 is connected to movable contact 51 by conductors ZG -and 26 and anotherof the motor-terminals 28 is connected to the other movable contact 51 by conductors 28 -and 28. The main '44 is connected to the central motorterminals 27. -It is evident, then, that when magnet 51 is energized and allows the contacts which it controls to be closed the motor will receive current from the line and will rotate'in one direction. Similarly'when magnet 52 is energized and lifts its core 52" a spring 52 will close other contacts, which will cause the mains 43, 44, and 45 tobe connected to' the motor- terminals 28, 27, and 26,

respectively, and will furnish current to the motorin the opposite direction and will cause e otherdirection;

locking and interlocking the movable contacts of the reversing .switch. A threearmed lever 58 is pivoted at 53. One of its arms 53 extends to a point beneath magnet 51. Another oi its arms 53 extendsto a point beneath magnet 52, and its third M11153 extends to the lock 54. Extending below the springs 51 -and 52 and connected to the parts which carry the movable contacts are projections 51 and 52 which are adapted to engage with the arms 53 and 53, respectively. When spring 51 pushes movable contacts 51 -and51 up, the projectio'n-51' first-strikes against the arm 53 and prevents the contacts from reaching the stationarycontacts above them unless the lock 54is open and'allows the arm53 to move with the movable contacts. If the lock 54 is open and allows such movement, it may be seen-that the roj ection 51 will hold the arm '53 -in-a raised lowered position, which will cause the proj ection 52 to prevent the closing of the con- It is The secon ary is connected position and the arm 53 in-a tacts below magnet 52 as long as the con tacts below magnet 51 remain closed. The lock itself com rises 'asliding bar 54, which is ,rirovided wit tro the agency of a speed-governor 55. This governor may be connected to the motor by means of a belt 55, Which'runs over a pulley 25 on the motor-shaft 21. A projection/53 on theend' of arm 53 is arranged to pass through the slot 54 when the motor is at rest and the parts are in the positions shown a slot 54 and which is con led by the movement of motor 20 through in Figs. 7 and 8, but to abut against and be locked by sliding bar 54 when the motor is running and the latter is raised by the action of the governor 55 into the sition shown in Fig. 9. The result of this coking arrangement is that it makes it impossible for one to reverse the current to the motor before the latter has been brought to rest.

I will now show how 'the reversing-switch may be 0 erated electrically from a distance.

A manna ly-operated circuit-closer 60 may be provided at a convenient place-do! e1;- ample, on the elevator-car 10 ,as shown. This circuit-closer or switch 60 comprises a pivoted switch-arm 61 and three stationary con tact- segments 62, 63, and 64. The segment fi'2is connected to main 44 by a conductor 44. The segment 63 is connected to one end'ot the Winding of magnet 51 by a conductor 63 and the segment 64 is connected to one end of the winding of magnet 52 by a con ductor 64. The other ends of these magnets are connected to'the main 45 by a'conductor 45. Now when the switch-arm is moved to the left a circuit is completed from main 44 through conductor 44', segment 62, switcharm 61, segment 63, conductor 63, winding of magnet 51, andto the main 45 by conductor '45. This will cause magnet 51 to be energized and to lift its core 51, and thus to control the operations before pointed out.

Similarly when the switch-arm is moved to the left a circuit will be completed from main 44, conductor 44, segment-62, switch-arm 61, segment 64, conductor 64, winding of magnet 52, and conductor 45 to main 45. This will cause magnet 52 to be energized and to erform its functions.-

I wil now describe my novel arrangement for automatically controlling the acceleration of the motor 20. An opposition element 70 I cluded in the rotor-circuit, and the motor willthen rotate slowly. i 80, ,81, and 82 designate a series of electro- It is here I magnets similar in construction to ber of ways-as, for example, by making the ores of' different "weights or of different engths or, as shown, by making their coils or windings of different number'o'f turns.

- The winding of magnet 82 has the greatest number of turns.

Consequently it will act first.

manner similar to that already described are arranged to short-circuit a portion of the resistance 70. The winding of magnet 81 has the next largest number of turns, and as the current in the coils increases it will act next. The contacts which it controls are arranged to short-circuit another portion of resistance 70. In a similar mannermagnet 80, the coil of which has the least number of turns, will act last, and the contacts which it controls will short-circuit the remainder of resistance 70. In this way the resistance will be cut out from the motor-circuit in a number of steps and will allow the motor to take more current from the line and to speed up.

The above operation should be gradualand r0 ortionaltothe speed of the motor, whic 0 course will vary with difierent load conditions. This may be accomplished in a number of ways. I have shown several of these ways to illustrate this part of my invention. I

In Fig. l the lower ends of the windings of magnets 80, 81 and 82 are connected to the main 44 by a conductor 44 h Their upper ends are connected by a conductor 44 to one end of a variable resistance 90. This re sistance is' connected to a series of stationary contacts 91, over which contact-arm 92 is arran ed to be moved. This arm 92 is connected y a conductor 44 to the conductor which runs between contacts 52 and 51, so that when magnet 52 is energized and allows the contacts which it up er ends of the controls to be closed the windin s 80, 81, and 82 wil be connected throug resistance 90 and the conductors just pointed outandcontacts 52 and 53 to main. 43, and when magnet 51 is energized they will be similarlyconnected throu h magnets 51 and'51 to main 45. Thus the magnets will receive from the mains through resistance 90. The pivoted contact-arm 92 may be mechanically connectedto the slid- 111g rod 54 by means of a link 93. This sliding rod is connected, as has been shown, to the overnor 55, which is belted to the motor-s aft and is arranged to be lifted an amount proportional to the s eed of the motor. This in turn will cause t e pivoted contact-arm 92 to be moved over the stationary magnets. 51 and 52, before described. In this case,

The contacts which it controls in a more or less of it in circuit with the supply,

connected to the plunger 10 a pivoted arm 92 passes over the contacts it closes circuits to the magnets one by one. The rest of the operation is similar to that already described. i

. In the modification shown in Fig. 3 the pivoted contact-arm 92 isfmoved over stationary contacts 91', as before but these con tacts are connected to various points in the primary of a transformer 100, so as to include and the windings of magnets 80, 81, an 82 are connected across the secondary of transformer 100, which of course induces an increasing voltage as more of its primary is ener ized, and thus furnishes the desired variabd e current to the magnets. 1 In .ig. 4 a pivoted arm 92 is mechanically.

of .a chokingcoil 101, which performs the function of resistance 90 in the arrangement shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 illustrates another form of inductive device or transformer, in which amovable core 102 is-moved by pivoted arm 92 within primary and secondary coils 103 and 104 by altering the magnetic lines within said device, and thereby causes the induced voltage tobe varied in the desired manner.

The current to the electrically-actuated ereby vary the current be supplied by connecting the leads 32 may an 32 from its winding 32 to the terminals 26 and 27, as shown in Fig. 1, in which case the winding 32 will 'beconnected across two of the mains whenever the circuit is closed to the motor.

The special and described tionfor patent, Serial No. 265,883, filed June 19, 1905. The present application shows manynovel features of motor-control syse tern. I have illustrated the invention by showing it applied .to an but it is evident that it is applicable to many analogous usesin 'fact,. to any system wherein it is desired to control the movements of an electric motor from a distancetgrpe of magnets herein shown 1 claimed 1n another applicaelectric ,elevator for example, the motor or motors on an. elec .tric railway car or train or those used for operating mi l=-tables. The motor-accelerating device may lee-used in conjunction with many forms of motor-controlling devices, such as regulating-transformers and various types of switches, whereby many types of.

motors may be controlled. As the operation of this arrangement depends upon the speed of the motor ltself, it; is evident that accelcrating devices will be actiiated proportion to the acceleration of the motor itself, which of course wiilbe proportioned to the speed of the motor.

What I claim-is 1. In combination with a motor, a reversing-switch therefor, electromagnets having cores free from said reversing-switch-but arranged to control the same, and independent means for actuating the reversing switch when one of the magnets is energized.

2. In combination with a motor, a revers mg-switch therefor, a pair of magnets having 1 cores free from said circuit-closer but arcorrespon g one Of'Sflid magnets is-energized. I

44' In combination-with a motor, a reversing-switch therefor comprisingtwo sets of contacts, a pair of electromagnets, cores therefor tree from said reversing-switch but arranged to control thesame, independent means for actuating said reversing-snitch and closin either set of its contacts when the corresp ing one of said magnetsis onengized, and means for preventing the closing of either set of said contacts when the other set of contacts is closed. i

5. in combination with a motor, a reversing-switch therefor comprising two sets of contacts, a air of electromagnets, cores therefor free om saidreversing-swi-tch but arranged to' control thesame, independent means for actuating the reversing-switch and 4 closing either set of its contacts when the corresponding one of said magnets is energized, an means for preventing the closing of one set ofcontacts While the motor is running.

6. In combination with a motor, a revers ing swi-tch therefor comprising two sets of contacts, a pair of electromagnets, cores therefor free from said reversing-switch but arranged to control the same, independent means for actuating said reversing-switch andclosin either setof its contacts when the correspon ing-one of'said magnets isenen gized, means for preventing the closing of either set of said contacts when the other set of contacts is closed, and means'ior prevent ing the'closing of one set of contacts while the motor is running. E

7 111 combination with a motor, a reversing-switch therefor comprising two sets of contacts, a pair of electromagnets, cores therefor free from said reversing-switch but arranged to control the same, independent means for actuating the reversing-switch and closing either set of its contacts when the corresponding one of said magnets is GHBI".

gized, and a locking device for said reversingswltch actuated bythe movement of the mo; tor. i 8. In'combination with a motor, a reversrag-switch therefor comprising two sets of contacts, a pair of electromagnets, cores, therefor free from said reversing-switch but arranged to control the same, independent means for actuating the reversing-switch and closing either set of its contacts whenthc cor responding one of said magnets is energized, and a locking device for said reversing-switch actuated by the movement of the motor, arranged to reventthe closing of' one set of contacts af ter the other set of contacts has been closed unless the motor is at rest.

9. In combination with a motor, a reversing-switch therefor comprising two sets of contacts and apair of alternating-current magnets, cores for said magnets free from said reversingeswitch, one of said cores arranged to control one set of contacts and the other arranged to control the other set of contacts, and independent means for actuating the reversing-switch and closing one set of contacts when one magnet is energized, and other means for ctuating the reversingswitch and closing the other set of contacts when the other magnet is energized.

1D. In combination with a motor, a reversing-switch therefor, electromagnets having cores free from said reversing-switch but arranged to control the same, independent 1 means for actuating the revcrsingswitch when one of the magnets is energized, circuits for said magnets, and a manually-operated switch in said circuits.

11. A motor, a reversing-switch therefor, electromagnets having cores free from said reversing-switch but arranged to control the same, independent means for actuating the reversing-switch when one ofthe magnets is energized, combined with a brake, an electromagnet, and a free core therefor arranged to control said brake.

12. A motor, a reversing-switch therefor, electromagnets having cores free from said reversingeswitch but arranged to control the same, independent means "for actuating the reversing-switch when one of the magnets is energized, combined with a brake, an electromagnet, a free core therefor arranged to control said brake, circuits for the reversingswitch magnets, a manually-operated switch in said circuits, and means for supplying current to the brake when the motor-circuit is closed.

13. In combination with a motor, an optoo position element in circuit therewith, an electroresponsive device for removing said oppos sition element from the motor-circuit and mechanical means comprising a centrifugal 's eed-governor dependent uponthe speed of t e motor for varymg'the current in sald electroresponsive device.

14. In combination with a motor, an op position element in circuit therewith, a plurality of electromagnets arranged to control the opposition element, and mechanical means comprising a centrifugal speed-governor denendent u on the speed of the motor a controlled by the magnets will be actuated position element in circuit therewith, a pluso that they short-circuit the opposition element step by step 16. In combination with a motor, an oprality of electromagnets, contacts contr led by said magnets connected to and arranged to short-circuit said opposition element, a-

speed-governor mechamcall connected to t e motor, circuits for sai magnets, and means actuated by said governor and in said circuits, for varying the current in said magnets.

17. in combination with a motor, an opposition element in circuit therewith, a plurality of electroma nets comprising free cores, contacts controlled by said cores connected to and arranged to short-circuit said opposition element, a speed-goyernor mechanically connected to the motor, circuits for said magnets, and means actuated by said governor and in said circuits, for varying the current in said magnets in proportion to the speed of the motor.

18. In an elevator, a hoisting mechanism, a motor, a brake, an electromagnet havin a free core, said core arranged tocontrol t e brake, an opposition element inthe motor circuit, an electroresponsive device for removingsaid opposition element from the motorcircuit, and mechanical means dependent upon the speed of the motor for varying the current in said electroresponsive device.

19. In an elevator, a hoisting mechanism, a motor, a brake, an electromagnet havin a free core, said core arranged to control t e brake, an 0 position element inv the motorcircuit, a p urality of electroma ets comprising free cores, contacts contro ed by said cores connected to and arranged to shortcircuit said opposition element, a s eed-govr ernor mechanically connected to t e motor,

. circuits for said magnets, and means actuated by said governor and in said circuits, for varying the current in saidv magnets in proportion to the speed of the motor.

20. In an elevator, a car, a hoisting mechanism, a motor, a brake, an electromagnet having a free core, said core arranged to control the brake, an opposition elementin the motor-circuit, a plurality of elect'romagnets comprising free cores, contacts controlled by said cores connected to and arranged to shortcircuit said opposition element, a s eed-governor mechanically connected to t e motor, circuits for said magnets, means actuated by said governor and in said circuits, for varying the current in said magnets in proportion to the speed of the motor, and a manually-operated switch in the car. p

21.. In combination with a motor, a revers hag-switch therefor, electromagnets having cores free from said reversing-switch but arranged to control the reversing-switch, independent means for actuating the reversing-- switch when one oi the magnets is energized, an opposition element in circuit with the motor, an electroresponsive device for re-. moving said .opposition element from the motor-circuit, and mechanical means dependent upon the speed of the motor for varying the current in said electroresponsive device.

22. In combinationwith a motor, a reversing-switcli therefor comprising two sets of contacts, a therefor free rom said reversing-switch but arranged to control the same; ,inde endent means ior'actuati'ng the reversing-switch and closing either set of its contacts when the corresponding one of said magnets is energized, an opposition element in circuit with the motor, a plurality of electromagne'ts comprising free cores, contacts controlled by said cores connected to and arranged to shortcircuit said opposition element, a s eed-governor mechanically connected to t e motor, circuits for'said magnets, and means actuated by said governor and in said circuits, for varying the current in said magnets in proportion to the speed of the motor.

23. In an elevator, a car, a motor, a reversing-switch therefor comprising two sets of contacts, a air of electromagnets, cores therefor free om said reversing-switch but arranged to control the same, independent means for actuating the reversing-switch and closing either set of its contacts when the corair of electromagnets, cores' responding one of said magnets is energized,

an opposition element in circuit with'the mot0r,-a plurality of electromagnets compris ing free cores, contacts controlled by said cores connected to and arranged to shortcircuit sai opposition element, a s eed governdr mechanically connected .to t e motor means actuated by said governor and in said circuits, for varying the current in said magnets in proportion to the speed of the motor,

and a switch in the car arranged to control having a free corearranged to be lifted when the movement of the motor.

24. In combination with a motor, a brake, an electromagnet havin a free core, said core arranged to control sai brake, a reversingswitch, electromagnets having cores free from said reversing-switch but arranged to control the reversing-switch and independent means for actuating the reversing-switch when one of the latter magnets is energized, an oppositlon element in circuit with the motor, an

'electroresponsive device arranged to remove said opposition element from the motor-circuit, and mechanical means dependent upon the speed of the motorfor varying the current in said electroresponsive device.

25. In combination with a motor, a brake, anelectromagnet having a free core arranged to be lifted when the magnet is energized, means for releasing the brake when the core is lifted, means de endent'u on the weight of the core for app ying the rake, a revers ing-switch comprising two sets of contacts, a plan. of electromagnets, cores therefor free om said reversing-switch but ar'ran ed to control the same, independent means or. ac

tuating the reversingswitch and closing either set of itscontacts when-the correspending one of said magnets is energized, an oppos tion'element 1n circuit with the motor,

s a plurality of electromagnets comprising free cores, contacts controlled by said cores connectedto and arranged to short-circuit said opposition element, .a speed-governor meo anically connected to the motor, circuits for said magnets, and .means actuated by said governor and in said circuits for varying the current in said magnets in proportion to the speed of the motor. 1

26,- In combination with a motor, a brake, an electromagnet having a free core arranged to beliftedwhen the magnet is energized, means for releasing the brake when the core islifited, means dependent u on the weight oftli'e core for applying the rake, a roversing-switch comprising two sets of contacts, a

air of electromagnets cores therefor free om said TBVGISiIIg-ESWItCh but arranged to control'thesame, independent means'for ac- 5o tuatingthe reversingswiteh and closing either sjet of its contacts when the corresponding one of saidmagnets is energized, an

. opposition element in circuit withf'the motor,

' a plura'htyof electromagnets' com rising free cores, contacts controlled'bysai cores connected-t'o and arranged to short-circuit-said opposition element, a speed-governor. n e5 anrcally connectd to the motor, circuits for said ma et's, means, actuated by said overner an said: circuits for varying the ent in said magnets proportion to the Spedof' the motor, and a manually-operated circuit slam; @274 an elevator, a car, a' hoist1n'g' mesh;

a motor, a brake, an electromagnet' the ma et is energized, means for releasing the bra e when the core is lifted, means dependent upon the weight of the core for applying the brake, a reversing-switch comprising two sets of contacts, a pair of electromagnets, cores therefor free from said reversingswitch but arranged to control the same, 111

ependent means for actuating the revers- .ment, a speed-governor mechanically connected to the motor, circuits for said mag.- nets, means actuated by said governor and in said circuits for varying the current in said magnets, in proportion to the speed of the motor, and a manually operated circuitcloser in the car whereby the movements of the motor and the car may be controlled.

28. A motor, a governor connected to run withthe motor, reversing means thereof and means controlled by the governor for ,pre-

venting the reversing of the motor before the motor has come to rest.

I 29. A motor, a reversing-switchcomprise ing two parts, and a governor'connected torun with the motor and arranged to permit but one of the two arts of the reversingswitch to be actuate at once.

30. An alternating-current motor, an opposition element in circuit therewith, an electroresponsive device for controlling said roo .f

opposition element, circuits for the electrores onsive device, and inductive means in sai circuits controlled by the speed of the motor and arranged to vary the current in the electrorespons'ive device.

31. An alternating-current motor, an opposition element in circuit therewith; an

electrorespons'ive device for controlling said '0' position element, a s eed-governor' meciianically connected to t e motor, a circuit for the electrores onsive device, and inductive means in sai circuit controlled by said governor and arranged to vary the current 1n said circuit. v 32. In combination'with a motor, a source m ets' having cores disconnectedi'rom sa j reversing-switch but arranged to conactuating the reversing-switch when one of themagnets is energi'zed; 1 V

33. A source of alternating-current supply,

"a motor, a reversing-switch therefor, electroalternatin mine s supply, a reversingswitch for t e motor, alternatin ur-rent 'trolthe same, andinde'pendent mean's'for" magnets is energized, combined with a bra e, an alternating-current magnet, and-a free core therefor arranged to control said brake. i

34. In combination with an alternatingcurrent motor, an opposition element in cirphase circuits for said magnets, and Imeans actuated by said governor and in' said circuits, for varying the current in said magnets. r

35. In an elevator, a car, a hoisting mechanism, an alternating current motor, a brake, an alternating-current magnet having a free core, said core arranged to control the brake, an opposition element in the motor-circuit, a plurality of electromagnets comprising free cores, contacts controlled by said cores connected toand arranged to short-circuit said opposition element, a speed-governor mechanicall connected to the .motor, singlephase circuits for said ma nets, means actuated by said governor an in said circuits, for varying the current .in said magnets in proportion to the speed of the motor, and a manually operated switch in the car.

36. In an elevator, at source of alternatingcurrent supply, a car, an alternating-current motor, a reversing-switch therefor comprising two sets of contacts, a pair of alternatingcurrent magnets, cores therefor disconnected from said reversing-switch but arranged to control the same, independent means for actuating the reversing-switch and closing either set of its contacts when the correspondin one of said magnets is energized, an oppositlon element in circuit with the motor, a plurality of electroma nets comprising free cores, contacts control ed by said cores connected to and arranged to short circuit said opposition element, alternating current-circults for saidmagnets, a speed-governor mechanically connected to the motor, means actuated by said governor and in said circuits,

for varying the current in said magnets in proportion to the speed of the motor, and a switch in the car arranged to control the movement of the motor.

37; In an elevator, a source of alternatingcurrent supply, a hoisting mechanism, an alternating-current motor, a brake an alternating-current magnet having a tree core arranged to be lifted when the ma et is energized, means for releasing the bra e when the core is lifted, means dependent u on the weight of the core for applying the bra e, a reversing-switch comprising two sets of contacts, pair of alternating-current magnets, cores therefor free from said reversing-switch but arranged to control the same, independent means for actuating the reversing sw itch and closing either set of its contacts when the corresponding one of said magnets is energized, an oppositlon element in circuit with the motor, a plurality of. electromagnets com rising free cores, contacts controlled b sai cores connected to and arranged to s ortcircuit said opposition element, a speed-governor mechanically connected to the motor, alternating-current circuits for said magnets, means actuated by said governor and in said circuits for varyingthe current in said magnets inproportion to the speed of the motor, and a manually-operated circuit-closer in the car whereby the movements of the motor and the car may be controlled.

38. In combination with a motor, an opposition element in circuit therewith, an electroresponsive device for removing said opposition element from the motor-circuit, and a centrifugal speed-governor connected to the motor and arranged to control the current in said electroresponsive device.

39. In combination with a motor, an op osition element in circuit therewith, a plura ity of electromagnets arranged to ontrol the opposition element, and a centri ugal governor connected to the, motor arid arranged to con trol the operation of said magnets.

40. In combination with a motor, an opposition element in circuit therewith, an electroresponsive device arranged to short-circuit sai opposition element, a centrifugal speedgovernor mechanically connected to the motor, circuits for the electroresponsive device, and means actuated y said governor and in said circuits, for con rolling the current in said electroresponsive device in proportion to the speed of the motor.

41. In combination with a motor, an oppo: sit-ion element in circuit therewith, a plurality of electromagnets comprising free cores, contacts controlled by said cores connected to and arranged to short-circuit said opposition element, a speed-governor mechanically connected to the motor, circuits for said magnets, means actuate by said governor and in said circuits,.for antrollmg the current in said magnets proportion to the 45. In an alternating-current controller, the combination of a pluralityof magnets having free cores singlehase circuits for the magnets, an inductive evice in said circuits and a speed-governor arranged to control said inductive device.

' proportion to the speed of the motor.

47. An alternating-current motor, a cir cuit therefor, an opposition element in the motor-circuit, an electroresponsive device arranged to control said opposition element, circuits for the electroresponsive device and inductive means in said circuits arrangedto control the current in the electroresponsive device in proportion to the speed of the m o-. tor. v

48. An alternating-current motor, a circuit therefor, an opposition element in the motor-circuit, an electroresponsive device arranged to control said opposition element, circuits for the electroresponsive device and inductive'means in said circuits arranged to vary the current in the electroresponsive device in proportion to the speed of the motor.

' 49. "An alternating-current motor, a circuit therefor, an opposition element in the motor-circuit, an electroresponsive device arranged to control said opposition element, a

winding for the electroresponsive device and inductive means arranged to control the current in the electrores onslve device in pro-" portion to the speed 0 the motor.

50. Inan elevator, a hoisting mechanism, a motor, a brake, an electromagnetic actuator for controlling the brake, intermediate mechanism between the brake and the actua. tor, said actuator comprising a iield'of laminated magnetic material, a winding and an armature of laminated magnetic material disconnected from the brake mechanism,

circuits forthe brake-Winding, a source of singlefihase ,purrent-supply and means for" contro ing the current insaid circuit. ,51. In anelevator, a hoisting mechanism,

-a motor, a'brake, an electromagnetic actuator for controlling the brake, said actuator having a field and an armature :of laminated magnetic material and a winding, a weight.

connected to said armature, a cylinder about i said weight, said cylinder and weight '-formmotor-circuit, an elec 52. In an elevator, a hoisting mechanism, 1

' a motor, a brake, an electromagnet and a disconnected core therefor arranged to control the brake. K

53. In an elevator, a hoisting mechanism, a motor, a brake, an electromagnet having a disconnected corearranged to be lifted when the ma et is energized and means for releasing the rake when the core is lifted.

54. In an elevator, a hoisting mechanism, a motor, a brake, an electromagnet having a disconnected core arranged to be lifted when the magnet is energized, a spring for releasing the brake when the core is lifted and means dependent upon the weight of the core for applying the brake.

55. In an elevator, a hoisting mechanism, a motor, a brake, a magnet, a singlebase circuit for said magnet, a disconnecte core in said magnet arranged to be lifted when the magnet is energized and means for releasing the brake when the core is lifted I 56. An alternating current-motor, a C11- cuit therefor, an opposition element in the motor-circuit, an electroresponsive device arranged to control said opposition element, and inductive means arranged to control the electroresponsive device in proportion to the speed of the motor. r

57. An alternating-current motor, a oncuit. therefor, anoppositionselement in the motor-circuit, an electroresponsive devicearranged to control said opposition element, inductive means arranged to control the electroresponsive device in proportion to the speed of the motor and awinding for the inuctivemeans. v 1

58. An alternating-current motor, acircuit therefor, an oppgasition elementin the roresponsive device arranged to control said opposition element, inductive means arranged tocontrol the electroresponsive, device in pro ortion to the speed of the motor, a circuit or said inductive means and a source of current-supply for the circuit of the inductive means.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification 1n the presence of two subscribing witnesses. I

, DAVID LARSON.

- Witnesses:' 1 1 H. GARRIsoN, 1 ALFRED G. BEcHEr.

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