US595086A

US595086A - weymann

Info

Publication number: US595086A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1897-12-07
Anticipated expiration: 1914-12-07

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. C. M. WEYMANN.

ELECTRIC ELEVATOR CONTROLLER.

No. 595,086. Patented De0.7,1897.

(No Model.) 3 Sheet-sSheet 2.

O. M. WEYMANN. ELECTRIC ELEVATOR CONTROLLER.

No. 595,086. Patented De0.7,1897.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. C. M. WEYMANN. ELECTRIC ELEVATOR CONTROLLER.

No. 595,086. Patented De0.'7,1897.

NE mums Pi'LM an. Pnoroumo" wAsm-NOTON. o. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT Orrrcn.

CHARLES M. WVEYMANN, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE CAI'IILL & I'IALL ELEVATOR COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC ELEVATOR-CONTROLLER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 595,086, dated December 7, 1897.

Application filed January 2'7, 1897. Serial No. 620,880. (No model.)

To LZZ whom, it may concern: ter, forming no part of my invention, is not Be itknown that I, CHARLES M. IVEYMAN N, here shown. a citizen of the United States, residing in the \Vithin the elevator-cage is a switchboard city and county of San Francisco, State of Caliconsisting of a semicircle D, which is con- 5 fornia,have invented an Improvementin Elecneeted with the main-line wire D and smaller tric Elevator-Controllers; and I hereby decontact-seginentsE E andFF. Alever-arm clare the following to be a full, clear, and G is pivoted centrally within these segments exact description of the same. and is movable by a suitable handle, so as to My invention relates to a means for concontact with and make connection between lo trolling the movements of electrically-actuthe various segments of the switchboard, as

ated motors, especially when connected with may be desired. elevators, and which I call an electric ele- At any suitable point with relation to the vator-controller. elevator is situated the mechanism of my con- It consists in certain details of constructrolling apparatus, which may be inclosed in I5 tion which will be more fully explained by a suitable casing 13. The various lines of reference to the accompanying drawings, in wire from the switchboard just previously dewhich scribed may pass through a cable h to a j'unc- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of my aption-box II and from thence to the controlling paratus. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of elemechanism. Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view 2o vator. Fig. 3 is a View of the switchboard. of this apparatus.

Fig. l is a plan view of the controlling mech- Within the casing B are fixed solenoids anism. Fig. 5 is an elevation of the solenoids consisting of two coils J J, each having a core and connections. Fig. 6 is a vertical section K, either of which will be drawn into its through the clutch mechanism and its consolenoid whenever the latter is energized. 2 5 nections. Fig. '7 is a view of the switch-points These cores are connected with short crankand dial-arms. Fig. 8 shows the cut-off mecharms L, which project upon opposite sides of anism for the small motor. Fig. 9 is a section a shaft M, suitably journaled with reference showing one of the yielding contacts. to the solenoids, so that whenever this shaft The object of my invention, as herein deis turned to one side or the other one of the 8o 0 scribed, is to provide a means for perfectly cores K will be moved into its solenoid and controlling the movements of an electric 1110- the other simultaneously withdrawi'i. This tor when subjected to a varying load, as illusmovement takes place when one of the solentrated in the operation of an elevator. oids is energized, and this one establishes the In carrying out my invention I employ a direction the motor and the elevator-cage are 3 5 mechanism by which I first establish the dito be run, as follows: Upon the end of the rection in which the elevator-cage is to move. shaft M is a non-cond ucti n g lever-arm N, car- At the same time I energize a magnetic clutch rying suitable contacts 0 O, which are conand finally start a mechanism which serves nected by flexible wires 0 O with bindingto connect the electrical circuit through the posts 0" 0 so as to allow the lever to move 0 4o fields and armature of the motor and to regufreely. The binding-posts are connected by late the amount of resistance in the circuit to wires P P with the main-motor armature. suit the varying character of the load to be The movement of the lever N throws it into moved. Ihave alsoshown an automatic mechcontact either with the points P and P or anism for cutting the current off from the P and P and thus establishes a circuit 5 5 motor which actuates the magnetic clutch and either through the wire P and return through connected mechanism. P, by which the motor will be driven in one A is the cage of an elevator, adapted to direction, or through the wire P and return travel in the usual guides, having a suspendthrough P, which will serve to drive it in the ing and elevating rope or connection atB and opposite direction. This establishing of the 30 a motor located at C, which aetuates the ropedirection in which the motor is to move is windingmechanism of the elevator. Thelatmade by the movement of the lever G. If

it be thrown over so as to establish communication through the segment E on the switchboard within the cage, a circuit will be established from the main line through wire Q to the solenoid J and by the wire R to main line, which will first energize the so lenoid J, thus attracting its core and drawing it into the solenoid, and through the lever L the shaft M and the lever-arm N will be moved, so as to produce the connections which will establish the circuit through the main motor-armature wires P P, so that the direction of movement of the motor and that of the elevator-cage is established. The current passing through the solenoid also passes through a connecting-wire R to a magnetic clutch S. This clutch is of any usual wellknown construction and is shown in the present case as consisting of two concentric members movable about a common axis with relation to each other. The outer shell S of this clutch is mounted upon a sleeve T, and this sleeve T has fixed upon it a worm-wheel U, which is adapted to be engaged by a worm or screw U, so that when the latter is turned it will rotate the worm-gear U and connected parts. This screw U is actuated by a small motor V, which is energized as hereinafter described. The sleeve T and the parts carried by it turn loosely upon an inner shaft T, suitably journaled, and this shaft carries the other member S of the clutch. The coil by which the clutch is magnetized is contained within the outer casing S of the clutch, and when energized it serves to hold the part S with relation to the part S so that when the worm-wheel U is turned and the part S of the clutch is rotated thereby the part S will be moved with the outer casing of the clutch and will thus turn the interior shaft T. Upon this shaft is fixed a double dial-arm \V \V, which is movable with the shaft, the part XV moving over the independent switch points or plates Y of a segmental arc fixed with relation to this arm, as shown. The part W" of this dial-arm moves over the plates Y of a second segment of smaller diameter, fixed upon the opposite side of the j ournal-shaft of the dial-arm. The plates Y Y are connected with a series of resistanceeoils Z, and the plates Y are correspondingly connected with a series of resistance-coils Z. The upper and lower contact-plates are connected by means of the dial-arm \V \V,as hereinafter described. The resistance-coils Z are in series with the armature of the main motor and the resistance-coils Z with its shuntfield. The operation of this portion will then be as follows:

The normal position of the dial-arm is, as shown in the present case, vertical and lying between the two segments Y and Y before the dial-arm commences to turn by the c011- necting of the motor, and when in this position no electrical current can pass through the main motor. The small motorVis connected (after the direction has been established and the clutch energized, as previously described) by moving the lever G until it contacts with the plate F of the switchboard in the cage. This makes connection between the mainline wire and the wire a,which connects with the small motor V and sets it in motion. The movement of this motor V is always in the same direction, and, as previously described, it acts through the worm U and worm-wheel U to move the clutch S S and the dial-arm \V \V. The first movement of this dial-arm c011- nects up the field-circuit by contact of the lower end XV with the first of the plates Y, and a further movement connects the end \V with the first of the plates Y. After these two contacts are formed the circuit is complete and permits the passage of the current through both field and armature. The current passes first to the junction of the shunt and series field, dividing, one part passing through the shunt-field at C, thence to lower contact Y, thence through the connection 1 from Y to Y. The other part of the current passes through the series field, thence to I O O P, thence through the armature of large motor, thence through I O O 1, thence through P P, thence through resistance-coil Z to upper contact Y, uniting at that point with the shunt-circuit, and as soon as the dial-arm has touched the first contact of Y, when both fields and armature are energized, the circuit then passes through the returnwires of the circuit. The full amount of the resistance is at this time connected with the armature, and, correspondingly, the least resistance in the shunt-field. As the dial-arm lV moves successively over the plates Y Y the resistance in the armature-circuit is decreased and that in the shunt-field circuit is increased until the dial-arm has made very nearly a half-revolution, so that the ends are very nearly reversed and the resist ance in the armature cut out and that in the fields increased to its maximum, thereby giving the maximum speed of the main motor. The shaft T, which carries the dial-arm, extends through the back of the case containing the mechanism and upon the rear carries a crank-arm Z). This crank-arm turns with the movement of the shaft T until it contacts with the forked or Y-shaped arm 0, which is pivoted, as shown at c, at the junction of its arms. The arm Z) striking one of the arms 0 turns it and breaks the circuit to the small clutch-actuating motor V, and this prevents any further movement of the dial-arm in this direction. The shaft T carries on its end the longer arm Z) and the shorter arm I). The longer arm is also preferably set out a little, so as to clear the stop N, which latter is, however, not essentially necessary, as the weight and rope regulate the amount of travel of the shaft T. The arm 0 is also a trifle shorter than the arm 0. In Fig. 8 the arm 0 is shown as just pushed outwardly by the arm Z1, and this separates the arm 0 from the contact a and opens the main circuit. At

the same time it brings the arm 0 into the path of travel of the arm I), so that on its return the armb will strike the arm 0, thereby closing the circuit again. The arm 1), being shorter, will clear the arms a and 0, but will strike the stop b on the forward movement, the arm 0 having been pushed out of the way of arm I), but arm 0 stands in its line of travel, so that arm I) will pass arm 0' and will strike arm 0. Connection is made as follows: A positive current through the wire D passes through G on the cage, thence through F, thence through the wire a, thence through the axis of arm 0, thence to contact-point with arm I), thence through the small motor which operates the dial, and thence out. Vhen the dial turns around, it cuts the circuit out.

If no change in the speed of the main motor is desired, the dial-arm XV WV may remain in the position last described, where the speed of the main motor will be the greatest; but if it is desired to reduce the speed of the cage it is done by deenergizing the clutch S S by the movement of the cage-lever G. As soon as the clutch is deenergized the dial-arm W W is returned to its normal position or to any point between the extremes by the action of a weight cl, attached to a cord 6, which passes around a pulley f, fixed upon the shaft T in such a manner that the weight acts in opposition to the clutch, and this weight is sufficient when the clutch is deenergized to rotate the shaft T in the opposite direction to which it is moved by the clutch, thus returning the dial-arm to its normal position, as previously described. By reenergizing the clutch at any time it will stop and hold the dial-arm N W" at any intermediate point desired.

In order to abruptly break the connection between the dial-arm and its contacts as it returns, 1 have shown the arm as forming a hinged or pivoted extension g, so attached that when the dial-arm is moving forward over the contacts by reason of the action of the clutch this extension, resting against a stop g, remains rigidly in line with the remainder of the arm, and the yielding contactpoint h is forced back to allow the arm g to pass it. This contact-point 7L passes through the back and is connected by a flexible wire with the first contact-plate of the series of resistance-coils. hen the dial-arm returns, and just before it reaches its normal position, the extension 9 contacts with the point it. The extension g, which is normally kept in line with the remainder of the dial-arm VJ by a light spring, will yield when it contacts with the projection h, and this will allow the extension to turn about its joint, maintaining the contact between the end of the extension and the point It, through which the circuit is completed, until the dial-arm \V has moved to a point which will cause the extension g to pass the point or stop /L, which has hitherto formed contact with it, and the extension is then suddenly released and by the action of its spring is disengaged from the contactpoint and returned into line with the dial-arm \V. This breaks the circuit abruptly and prevents damage to the parts by being burned by the current at the instant of breaking the circuit.

If the cage is at the top and has to come down, the leverG in the cage will be moved to contact with the point E, and this connects, through the wire P, and returns through P, with the solenoid J, which is thus energized, so as to draw its core K into it, and, acting, as previously described, upon the shaft M and lever N, will throw the latter over, so as to engage the contacts P and P thus giving a direction to the main motor which will allow the cage to descend. The clutch S S is also energized at the same time through the connectin g-wire R, as before described, and a further movement of the cage-lever G forms contact with the plate F, and through the circuit of the wire a the small motorV is set in motion and the dial-arm W V is moved over the contacts Y Y, through which the resistance-coils are controlled, and the operation will be the same as previously described.

If the weight of the cage is so great as to overcome the power of the motor when the dial-arm XV has moved so far as to cut out a great portion of the resistance, the clutch is demagnetized and the dial-arm returned by the weight d to its normal position, thus increasing the resistance of armature and decreasing the resistance of shunt-field, causing a strong field which will decrease the speed of the main motor. hen the dial-arm is in its normal position, the lower end V will rest against a pin it, which is connected by a wire 76 with some plate Y of the shunt series, (preferably with the second.) By means of this connection the external circuit is cut out and a reconnection is made with the shuntcircuit. The current passes through the fieldmagnet to lower contact Y, thence through K to K, thence to XV, to upper contact Y, to P, to P 0, O and P, through the motor O, thence through P to O to 0 P and back to the field-magnet, thus completing the inside circuit. This takes place when the pointer shown in Fig. '7 has moved into the Vertical position, where it makes contact at the point K. This prevents injurious discharges of the field-circuit and permits the motor to be in stantly turned into a generator without detrimental results. lVhen the motor is thus changed to a generator, it acts to control the movement of the cage by its resistance, and more especially when the cage is descending with a heavy load.

By this device I provide a perfect controlling mechanism for all the movements of the motor and the elevator which it controls.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination with an electric motor and an elevator mechanism moved thereby,

of a mechanism comprising solenoids having movable cores and mechanism actuated by the cores whereby contacts are produced and the direction of the motor first established, a controlling device whereby both armature and field resistance are varied proportionately to the desired motor-speed, and an automatically-operating device comprising an electric clutch within the circuit which is established through the solenoids and intermediate mechanism whereby the controller is disengaged and returned to its normal position.

2. The combination with an electric motor, resistance-coils having one end connected with the armature and the other end to the field of the motor,a dial-arm forming a switchcontact movable over the contact-points which are connected with the resistance so that the resistances in the field and armature circuits are varied inversely, and an automaticallyoperating mechanism comprising an electric clutch and intermediate mechanism connecting the clutch with the dial-arm whereby the dial-arm is moved.

3. The combination with an electric motor and an elevator-cage driven thereby, of a mechanism whereby contacts are produced and the direction of motion of the motor is first established, comprising solenoids having movable cores, and mechanism connected therewith and actuated by one or the other of the cores in opposite directions whereby the contacts are formed to establish the direction of the motor, an electric clutch within the circuit which is established through the solenoids which is energized at the same time the direction of rotation of the motor is established, and connections between the solenoids and the cage whereby either of them is energized.

at. The combination with an electric motor and mechanism driven thereby, of resistancecoils connecting respectively with the armature, and the fields of the motor whereby the resistance of the electric current through the motor is varied, a dial-arm movable over and forming contact successively with switchpoints whereby the resistance-coils are thrown into or out of the circuit and an electric clutch and intermediate mechanism whereby the clutch engages and moves the dial-arm or is disengaged therefrom to allow the dial-arm to return to its normal position.

5. The combination with an electric motor and mechanism driven thereby, of resistancecoils, a mechanism whereby said coils are thrown into or out of the circuit, consisting of switch points or segments connecting respectively with the armature and field resistance-coils, a dial-arm pivoted so as to move over the segments and successively throw in or cut out the resistance-coils, an electric clutch connecting with the shaft by which the dial is turned, means for energizing and denergizing the clutch, a mechanism by which the clutch is rotated when energized and the dial-arm carried thereby, and means for returning the dial-arm to its normal position when the clutch is deenergized.

6. The combination with an electric motor and mechanism driven thereby, of resistancecoils connecting respectively with the armature and fields of the motor, switclrpoints arranged in segments, one series being connected with the armature and the other with the field-circuit, a dial-arm pivoted centrally with relation to the segments and movable over them so that one end passes over the armature resistance switch points, and the other over the field-resistance switch-points, a shaft upon which the dial-arm is mounted and with which it is turnable, a pulley fixed upon the shaft with a weight whereby the dial-arm is held or returned to its normal position, an electric clutch, one member of which is fixed to the dialshaft and the other member to a sleeve turnable loosely upon said shaft, a mechanism whereby the clutch when energized is turned so as to rotate the dialshaft, and means for deenergizing the clutch so that the dial-shaft is released and the opposing weight acts to return the dial-arm to its normal position.

'7. The combination with an electric motor and a mechanism moved thereby, of resistance-coils connecting respectively with the armature and fields of the motor, switch-points arranged in circular segments and eonnectin with the resistancecoils, a dial-arm mounted upon a shaft centrally journaled between the switch-points, whereby the dial-arm is movable over said points to increase or decrease the resistance in the motor-circuit, an electromagnetic clutch, one member of which is fixed to the shaft of the dial-arm, and the other member to a sleeve which is loosely revoluble upon said shaft whereby the two are united to move in unison when the clutch is energized, and allowed to move independently when it is deenergized, a weight acting to return the dial-arm to its normal position when the clutch is decnergized, a worm-gear c011- necting with the sleeve and the outer member of the clutch, and a motor whereby the gear is driven -so as to rotate the clutch and the dial-arm.

8. The combination with an electric motor and a mechanism driven thereby, of resistance-coils connecting respectively with the armature and fields of the magnet, segmentally-disposed switch-points upon opposite sides of a circle connecting respectively with the resistance of the armature, and that of the fields, a dial-arm mounted upon the ccntra-l journal-shaft and turnable so as to suecessively connect or cut out the resistancecoils, a weight by which the dial-arm is normally retained out of contact, a magnetic clutch one member of which is fixed to the dial-shaft and the other to a sleeve loosely revoluble thereon, said sleeve being connected through the magnetic clutch when the latter is energized, so as to cause the dial-shaft to retate with it, and disconnected therefrom when the clutch is deenergized to allow the weight to return the dial arm to its normal position.

9. The supplemental motor with wires connecting it with the switchboard of the elevator-cage whereby the motor may be thrown into or out of the circuit, and a worm-gear driven by said motor and connecting with the magnetic clutch so as to rotate the latter and the dial-arm while the motor is energized.

10. The combination with an electric motor and mechanism driven-thereby, switchpoints arranged in segments upon opposite sides of a circle and connecting with the resistance-coils respectively of the armature and fields, a dial-arm fixed upon a shaft which is journaled centrally between the segmental switch-points, whereby the opposite ends of the dial-arm are movable over the respective switch-points of the armature and field circuits to throw them out of and into the circuit, a magnetic clutch connecting with the shaft of the dial-arm to move the dial-arm in one direction over the switch-points when the clutch is energized, and a weight by which the dial-arm is returned to its normal position when the clutch is deenergized, a supplemental motor and intermediate mechanism whereby the clutch and dial-arm are turned so that the latter moves over the resistance switch-points to reduce the resistance in the pivoted and movable over the switch-points,an electromagnetic clutch mechanism by which the dial-arm is advanced over the switchpoints when the clutch is energized, and means by which the dial-arm is returned to its normal position, when released, and a spring-actuated tip pivoted to the end of the dial-arm to maintain full contact with the conductor until the end of the dial-arm has passed, the spring acting to suddenly break the circuit and restore the tip to its normal position relative to the arm.

12. The dial-arm movable over the contactplates of the armature and field circuits, a yielding extension of the dial-arm, and a stop by which it is maintained rigid with the arm when advancing, a contact-point connecting with the first contact-plate of the series of resistance-coils, and yielding to allow the extension of the dial-arm to pass when advancing, said extension itself yielding when it contacts with the point on its return, and maintaining a circuit through the point until it is broken suddenly by the action of its spring.

13. The dial-arm with its opposite ends movable over the contact-plates of the armature and shunt circuits respectively, a pin or stop connected with a plate of the shunt-circuit, against which that end of the dial-arm rests when it is in its normal position, whereby the field-circuit is first cut out when the arm returns to its position and a reconnection is instantly made with the field-circuit.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

CHARLES M. WVEYMANN. lVitnesses:

S. H. NOURSE, JEssIE O. BRODIE.