US827854A

US827854A - Smokeless furnace.

Info

Publication number: US827854A
Application number: US24156705A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles J Dorrance
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1905-01-18
Filing date: 1905-01-18
Publication date: 1906-08-07
Anticipated expiration: 1923-08-07

Description

PATENTED AUG. 7, 19 06.

G. J. DORRANGB. SMOKELESS FURNAOB.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 18, 1906.

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PATENTED AUG. 7, 1906.

c. J. DORRANGE. SMOKELESS FURNACE.

APPLIOATIOK FILED 15.11.18, 1905. I

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v PATEN'ITD AUG. 7, 1906.

a c. J. DORRANOE.

SMOKELESS FURNACE. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 1a; 1905.

W1 I] E x 'UNTTED STATES PATENT omen.

Specification of Letters "Batent.

Patented Aug. '7, 1906.

Application filed anua y 18*, 19 sets In. anew.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES J. DoRRANoE, a citizen of the United'States, and a resident of the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Smokeless Furnaces; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, andexact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and-to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention is shown as a smokeless boiler-furnace, though adaptable for many other purposes.

Heretofore much difliculty has existed in rendering furnaces in which soft coal and similar fuels are used smokeless. For this purpose large sums of money are annually expended and in most instances without satisfactory results. In some instances j etsof live steam are thrown into the hot gases. This is partly successful in preventingthe delivery of uncombined carbonintotheatmosphere, for inasmuch as the steam is rarely over 300 Fahrenheit, whilethe gases of combustion usually exceed 800 Fahrenheit, the admission of the colder steam results merely in precipitating the carbon in the form of soot within or upon the boiler-flues, impeding radiation and increasing expense, because retarding instead of facilitating the successful operation of the furnace and, furthermore, consuming considerable steam which must be generated through the accumulatingsoot.

The object of this invention is to afford furnace in which the fuel values are all consumed instead of precipitated in part and from which no uncombined carbon can be delivered into the atmosphere as smoke because of the perfect combustion assured, therefore securing the maximum eflicienoyof the fuel, and consequently the maximum heating effect of the furnace and generating power of the boilers.

It is also an object of the invention to afford a smokeless reverberatory furnace peculiarly adapted for use as a boiler-furnace and by the use of which maximumevaporating power of the fuel is secured in theboiler.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter described, and more fully pointedv out and defined in the appended claims.-

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a centrallongitudinal section of a device embodying my invention. Fig. 2 -isa similar view taken at the sideof the boiler. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing a chain grate and a lightly-different boiler. Fig. i is .a view in elevation of .the boiler and Fig. 5 is asectiontaken on line 55. of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 isanenlarge detail of thedeadaplate liner at the front end of the furnace. Fig. 7 is anenla ged ve tical section o an aireinlet ,devieeemb died in my invention. Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the screen shown in the bottom thereof. Fig. 9- is an enlarg d longitudinal section of a pipe pr vided with a screen adapted for air-inlet pu pose As shown in said drawings, the furnace is used in connection with Watertube boilers, thoughobviouslycapable for use, if desired,

with fire-flue boilers or for such other purposes as it may prove adaptable.

Referring first to Fig. 1, it .will be seenthat the front and rear boiler-head a a, respectively, oftheboiler A, known as the Heine boiler, are-supported uponthe front and rear walls I) b of the boiler-setting. The side walls 6 extend upwardly and support the top of the brickwork, which extends over the top of the boiler. Connected in the front end wall I). and inclining, as shown, downwardly and rearwardly to near the rear end I) .of the boiler-setting is. the furnace B, which, asv shown, is constructed of fire-brick or other suitable material, the top or arch of which .is approximately semicircular and is supported upon the parallel side walls I). Sa d arch, as shown, extends over and beyond the front side of a bridge wallC, the top of which inclines rearwardly and downwardly, as shown in Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive,

and at the rear of which, as shown in the drawings, is areverberatory chamber beneath thelrear end of the arch and. behind the bridge wall. On the front side of the bridgewall and supported in the arch at suitable height in anysuitable manneris the furnace grate, which may be of any desired constructlolland which in Figs. 1 and 2 is shown as a shaking-grate D nd in Fig. 3 is shownas a chain-grate D. The inner faces of said arch, which is. usually constructed of fire brick, may, i preferred, be facedwith anymaterial affording a reflecti g sur ace ada ted to refurnace front.

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5 in the gases of combustion.

above the bridge-wall to afford means for consuming any free carbonaceous material as it passes through the reverberatory cham-' For this 5 purpose, as shown in Fig. 4, apertures are ber at the rear of the bridge-wall.

rovided in the boiler-front E just above and aterally of the fire-doors e and which are controlled, as shown, by draft-regulators el.

Said apertures open inwardly into a passage 1 o afforded between the side setting-walls b and the Walls of the arch or furnace or between adjacent furnaces when more than one are used in one setting and beneath a floor of firebrick b or other suitable material, which eX- tends from near the top of the arch laterally to the setting walls. Said passages are closed at the rear of the bridge-wall. The air flowing through said passages is brought to a high temperature by the radiated heat fro the furnace and said floor 6 Apertures are provided through the arch above the bridge-wall, as shown in Fig. 5, and in each of which is seated a flanged casing 1), of iron, fire-brick, or other suitable, material, as shown in Fig. 7.

In the bottom of said casing is provided a fine screen 6 which divides the inflowing current of hot pure air from said passage into fine jets or sprays, which are thus distributed above the 0 bridge-wall in sufiicient quantity and at a temperature to support combustion most efficiently. As shown also, pipes 6 the front ends of which communicate with apertures e opening through the fire-front, extend 5 rearwardly along the top of the arch and open downwardly through the arch on each side the center thereof and above the bridge wall. As shown, a fine wire-gauze b is rovided in the downwardly-directed end 9 of said pipe, which breaks up the flow of air from said pipe into s rays. As shown, plates e are pivoted on t e front E, adapted to restrict or close said a ertures 6 if desired.

The operation is as ollows: By the con- 5 struction described it will be seen that means are provided for admitting to the furnace above the bridge-Wall, and, if preferred, slightly at the rear front face thereof, a regu- 'lable quantity of outsideair, which, heated 5c in its passage to the point of delivery into the an inclined position, as is usual, the watertubes at their lower ends, owing to the tendency of hot water to rise in the circulation, should be subjected to the great heat, and this arrangement is secured with the Heine boiler installation, (shown in Fig. 1,) in which sazsa direct and fiercest heat from the arch and the draft of the furnace forwardly between the flues and beneath the deflector b then rearwardly along the boiler to the stack B at the rear end of the boiler.

In the construction illustrated in Fig. 3, in which a boiler of the Babcock and VVilcoX type is shown, the direct heat from the fur nace is delivered between the lower ends of the tubes a upwardly to the drum a and is drawn downwardly between the tubes in advance of the baffle or division wall M, of tile or other suitable material, and beneath a corresponding division wall a and upwardly between the tubes (1 near the front end of the boiler to the stack B which in this construction is located at the front end of the boiler, thus affording a longer travel for the hot gases of combustion than has heretofore been usual.

The semicircular top of the arch aided by its downward and rearward inclination becomes intensely heated, and the fire-brick comprising the same not only reflect the heat centrally upon the fire, but also afford an area of exceedingly-high temperature, through which above the bridge-wall or at any desired points in the length of the arch fresh air, also at a high temperature and in regulable quantities, is sprayed into the furnace to meet and mingle with the upwardly and rearwardly flowin gases and more volatile carbonaceous pro ucts' and uncombined carbons, which may be said to be practically in a nascent state, and in the fierce combustion which ensues in the chamber at the rear of the brid e-wall the fuel values are all consumed, an the oxidizing gases at a temperature much higher than can otherwise be attained are projected against the boiler-surfaces, which are thus kept free from any obstructing coating.

As shown, the dead plate E is provided with an inclined facin of fire-clay e which is supported on an inc ined bench e resting on the dead plate. Said bench and facing are held in place by an upturned lip e at theinner side the dead plate and against which the bench and the lining bear.

Obviously the arch may extendhorizontally beneath the boiler or may be partly in front of the boiler, and any suitable grates may be used, and I do not purpose limiting this application for patent otherwise than necessitated by the prior art, as obviously many details of construction and operation may be varied without departing from the principles of my invention.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination with a furnace having vertical side walls and a semicircular top, provided with apertures therethrough of a transverse brid e-wall near the middle of the furnace and inc ining downwardly on its rear time in side, a furnace-grate on the front side of the bridge-wall, pipes extending from the front of said furnace and opening through part of said apertures in the top above the bridgewall and draft-regulators in the front wall adapted to deliver air to the remaining apertures in said top.

2. The combination with a furnace having parallel vertical side walls and a semicircular arched top, of a bridge-wall intermediate the ends of the furnace, grates extending from the front wall of the furnace to the bridgewall, air-passages opening through the arch above the bridge-wall, screens in part of said passages and screened pipes extending from part of said passages through the front of the furnace.

3. In a boiler-furnace the combination with the boiler and the setting-walls therefor, of a furnace extending beneath the boiler and comprising independent parallel side Walls and a semicircular downwardly and rearwardly inclined arch or top of fire-brick, a transverse bridge -wall intermediate the ends of the furnace and having a greater inclination on its rear side than the top or arch, air-inlet passages opening through the firefront and extending longitudinally of the furnace above the arch and opening through apertures in the arch above the bridge-wall, removable casings in part of said apertures, screens therein and pipes provided with screens in their inner ends and leading inwardly through the fire-front and extending downwardly through part of said apertures.

4. The combination with a boiler and its setting-walls of a rearwardly and downwardly inclined furnace below the boiler having a semicircular top, a transverse bridge-wall intermediate the ends of the furnace, a grate before the bridge-wall, passages opening into the top of the furnace and extending between the seating-walls and furnace-walls,

regulable air-inlets therefor, a screen in each of said openings remote from the -inner face of the furnace-top and acting to spray the air as it is admitted, and means removably engaged in the top of the furnace acting to support said screens in place.

5. The combination with a boiler and its setting-walls and fire-front, of a furnace extending beneath the boiler and comprising vertical independent side walls affording a passage closed at its inner end between the same and the setting-walls, an. arched top thereon approximately semicircular and inclining rearwardly, a floor connecting the arch near its top with the setting-walls and afiording a closed passage on each side the furnace, a centrally-disposed bridge-wall in the furnace, regulable air-inlets opening into the passages from the front, a plurality of casings inserted in and opening through the top or furnace above the bridge-wall and a screen in each casing adapted to spray the air heated in said passages into the furnace.

6. In a structure of the class described the combination with a boiler and its settingwalls, of a furnace extending beneath the boiler and comprising independent side vertical walls, a downwardly and rearwardly inclined arched top thereon extendin beyond the middle of the boiler, a bridge-wa 1 having its top inclined more than said arch, a grate in advance of the brid 'e-wall, a floor and an inner end wall connecting the arch from near its top with the setting and aifordim a highly-heated passage on each side of the furnace closed at the inner end and communicating with openings in the fire-front, draftregulators secured on the fire-front and controlling said openings, screened apertures opening from each passage through the arch above the bridge-wall, pipes extending above and along the top of the arch and opening throu h the fire-front and also through the top 0 the arch and screens secured in said pipes.

7. The combination with a boiler and its setting-walls and fire-front of a furnace-arch arranged therein independently of the settin -walls and affording a closed passage on eac side the same, regulable inlets for said passages in the fire-front, a plurality of apertures through the furnace-arch near the middle of the same, a centrally-disposed bridgewall below said apertures affording a front firing-chamber and a rear reverberatory chamber wherein the more volatile constitu ents of the fuel are consumed by the hot air admitted through said arch, pipes opening from the fire-front and connected in part of said apertures, a casing en aged in each of the remaining apertures and a screen in each pipe and casing.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

OHARLES J. DORRANCE. Witnesses:

C. W. HILLS, W. W. WITHENBURY.