US826362A - Governing continuous-current motors. - Google Patents

Description

' PATENTED JULY 17, 1906.

G. SAUTTER. GOVERNING CONTINUOUS CURRENT MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED H0111, 1902.

Mai;

GASTON SAUTTER, OF PARIS, FRANCE. GOVERNING CONTINUGUS CURRENT WEQTRS= Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 1'7, 1906.

Application filed November 11', 19l)2. Serial 130.833.

multi )le magnetic relay-switches the motor.

may e governed or controlled.

The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, illustrating in diagram the means for controlling the motor, said means embodying main features of my invention; I

In said drawing is shown an arrangement for the employment of multiple relays for v electrically governing a motor in which the starting and braking is automatic and in which sudden starting is avoided by special connections when the motor is put into mo- 7 tion after an incomplete stoppage. The motor is electricallygoverned by the aid of two keys, one for movement to the right, the other for movement to the left, the scheme also providing safety-bolts for preventing the simultaneous functioning of the right and left apparatus in the event of false working caused y governing-keys.

In the drawing, a is the generator; 1, its positive pole; 2, its negative ole. I

b is the electric motor, and wound field for the motor b.

Each of the poles of the generatdnis (011 nected to two main conductors, to which the various apparatus are connected.

cis the rey which governs the movement of the motor to the right. I

d is-the key which governs the movement of the motor to the left. i

e is the electromagnet which governs the switch for movement to the right.

f is the electromagnet which governs the switch for movement to the left.

Suppose the circuit be'closed through the key 0. Current from the positive pole of the generator traverses through a derived circuit the key 0 and arrives at the safety-bolt g, which is placed upon the lever of the electromagnet f. In the position shown in the figure the electric safetyebolt g is home and the contacts the's hunth and 'i are broken, while the contacts and to are closed. The current which traverses the safety-bolt 9 passes, as shown in the figure, to the electromagnet e of the switch'for movement to the right. The electromagnet c being excited attracts its armature. The con:

\ tacts-Z, m, and care closed, and the current derived from the positive pole of the genera tor then passes through the contact Z and traverses the sections of the starting-rheostat, (shown at o 0 0.) On passing out of the rheostat it passes through the wire' 3 to the electric motor, passes out at 4, then traverses the contact m, and returns to the negative pole of the source of electricity. The electric motor is thus put into motion, the whole of the starting-rheostat being in the circuit. As shown in the drawing, the magnets p, 1, and t are connected in shunt to each other and in shunt to the armature of the motor, and therefore depend upon the councoming the force ofthe spring opposed to it.

This movement closes the contact q and short circuits the first sections of therheostat 0, which can no longer influence the motor. When the counter electromotive force inthe motor, has again increased, it is the turn of:

the electromagnet 1' to attract its armature.

The winding of the said electromagnet and the regulationof the counter-spring are carried out in such a manner that it can act only after the electromagnet p. I So soon as the electromagnet 7? ,has attracted its armature the contact 8 is in its turn closed and short- 'circuits the secondsection of the rheostat. Lastly, when the speed of the'fmotor has again increased. as well as the counter electromotive force, the electromagnet t closesthe contact a and shunts the last section of the rheostat. The electric motor is then at full speed, the whole rheostat beingplaced out of circuit,'and consequentlyexercising no further action. This arrangement prevents. therefore, any sudden starting of the motor, because it can only start with the entire rheostat in circuit, the rheostat being gradually and automatically withdrawn from the circuit as the speed increases.

When it is required to stop the motor and the key 0 is raised, the circuit of the electromagnet e for movement to the right being broken, the. counter-spring on the lever of the too IIO

on the'switch-levers and e. bolts have for their 0 said electroma net draws it rearward, breaking contact at :m, and n,- but by this movenient the contact w is established, thus completing the circuit through the electromagnet v. The electric motor, which is at this moment at full speed, is then short-circuited through the terminal 4, the electromagnet v, and the contact w, in connection with the contact j, which continues closed, because the electromagnet f is not excited. The current which traverses the electromagnet v and which i returns through j and k to the terminal 3 of the motor is therefore equal tothe short-circuit current, exercises a strong braking power on the motor, and rapidly reduces its speed. The current serves, moreover, to maintain by means of the electromagnets 'v and 7c the armature of the two switches e and f in their proper fposition, since the backward move ment 0 the contact-supporting lever, which establishes the circuit through said magnets, can only take place when the electromagnets e and f have become neutral, their circuit being broken at the operating-key c or d. The elect] )magnets 12 and k serve, therefore,'to maintain the short circuit so long as the motor is running. My arrangement permits,

therefore, the motor to be powerfully braked and prevents the brakin action ,being arrest ed by fluctuations of t e current. At the starting period the magnets t, r, and p are energized and gain in strength, so that they actuate their armatures successively. During the period of slowing downthe electromagnets t, r, and p are simultaneously deenergized and their armatures are immediately drawn rearward as soon as the contact 0 or d is broken. The contacts at and 2 insure the simultaneous denergization" of the magnets t, r, and 1). .When once the motor is at rest, all the parts are in the same order as at the start, the rheostat is again in circuit, and the motor is ready'to start in one direction or the othgr, according to which key 0 or cl is actuate There remains now to indicate the action of the two electric safety-bolts g and y, placed These safetyject to prevent any accident in the case in which the two keys governing c and d are simultaneously closed. Let it be supposed that the two keys 0 and d are simultaneously closed. However one may set to work, one of the keys must make contact before the other. Suppose it be the key (1. Under these conditions the derived current traversing the safety bolt y will excite the electromagnet f and cause it to attract its armature, and consequently to close the contacts h, '21, and 2, which causes movement to the left. The motor will therefore move to the left. At the same time the tilting movement of the arm ature of the magnet flifts the safety-bolt g away from its contact pieces. Thus the key 0, making contact immediately after the key at, can no longer close the circuit through the electromagnet e, be-

cause the safety-bolt g will not be in contact position. As has just been explained, it will be seen that the safety-bolts g and g prevent the possibility, by the simultaneous closing of two governing-keys, of actuating the motor both for moving to the left and to the right, which would short-circuit the generator itself and cause damage.

The field b from the motor I) is wound in shunt, and the field-current is never reversed.

.When the current through the armature is reversed, the direction of rotation of the motor'is reversed. The contact-bars g, s, u, h, *L, l, m, w, j, n, and z are insulated from their carriers, as indicated at x in the drawing.

Having thus described the nature and object of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

In an apparatus for controlling continuouscurrent motors, a motor, a main circuit,

wherein the motor is included and means for reversing the direction of the current through the motor, in combination with contacts, each normally held under spring tension, the magnets of the contacts arranged respectively so as to be excited by the current gen erated in the armature of the motor during braking of said motor, whereby when the motor is brought to rest,said contacts are maintained by the current from the armature under the influence of their sprin s until complete stopping of the motor resu fts.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscr bing witnesses.

GASTON SAUTTER. Witnesses:

C. DE MEsTRAL, AUGUSTUS E. INGRAM.

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