US822299A - Process of hardening copper. - Google Patents

Description

Uu TED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CARRIE RENSTROM PLUMER, SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, ASSIGNOR TO RENSTROM TEMPERED COPPER COMPANY, OF SEATTLE; WASHING- '1 ON, A CORPORATION.

PROCESS OF HARDENING COPPER- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 5, 1906.

Applicatio'nfiled August 8, 1904. Serialllo. 219,945.

and useful Improvements Processes of Hardening Copper; and I do hereby declare the followmgto be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. a

' This invention relates to aprocess for hard-'' ening' copper and the alloys of coppeiyand comprises subjecting the same to heat of a high degree'that is sufli'cient to thoroughly melt the mass and While in a heated condition subjecting the same tothe action of sulfate of copper (blue vitriol) for hardening the same and also to theaction of a chilling ingredient.

The-process also comp-"flees sirbjectin copper or the alloys of copper to heat of a e ee' sufficiently high to me t the sanie and -W -1e in a heated condition subjecting the same'to the action of sulfate of co per (blue vitriol) for hardening thesame, an also to the action of bichromate of potash for chillingor freezing the metal.

The process further comprises subjecting copper or the alloys of copper to heat of a sufficieritly high de ree m1 melt the same and while in this con ition subjecting the same to the action of sulfate of copper (blue vitriol) condition.

for hardening the same and also to the action of bichromate of potash for chilling 'orfr eezing the metal, then reheating the metal and allowing it to cool; In carrying out, myprocess copper or an alloy of copper is heated to a molten condition in a crucible, and while in this condition the same is subjected to the action of sulfate of copper (blue vitriol) in from,.say, one to twenty ounces of sulfate 'ofcopper to one hundred pounds of copper or alloyof copper. The sulfate of cop er 1s preferabl *in a pulverized When sulfate of copper alone is used, the mass will be ready to pour into molds shortly after the addition of the said sulfate, as the sulfate is at once taken up b the mass. The sulfate of copper hasthe ef fect of hardening or toughening the copper or alloy of copper. To further harden or toughen the metal, I treat the same, While in a molten condition, with a chilling agent or;

ingredient, such as bichromate of potash. This has the effect of freezing or chilling the copper. or alloy of copper. The bichromate of potash is used in about the proportion of one to ten ounces to one hundred pounds of metal and is introduced into the molten mass referably by placing it in a paper sack and ropping it into the said mass. The copper or the alloy of copper treatedwiththe su fate of copper andthe bichromate of potash is thoroughly stirred until it becomes too stiff to permit of stirring, the introduction of the bichromate of. potashhaving the effect.

of stiffening the mass. After the mass has become thoroughly chilled it is again reheated and then pouredofi into molds. The degree of heat employed is that which is sufficient to reduce the metal or metals to a molten mass,

so that they will pour or run freely. When the mass has become liquefied, the chemicals are preferably placed in a a er sack in a pulverizeddry condition an ropped into the molten mass. The mass is freely stirred be fore and after the addition of the chemicals. When the bichromateof otash is added, it 1s dropped in with the sul ate, and as it has'a chilllng effect upon the molten mass it willchill and freeze the metal and form it into a solid mass, unless a sufficient degree of heat is a plied for a sufficient length of time to again reduce the mass to a frely-running liquid. The reheatin is done to make the mass thin enough to ow freely and form a solid castin free from holes and havin a smooth finis When it is not desired to immediately use the com osition in forming castings, the same woud be ermitted to form into-1a -solid hard mass an would then have to be reheated and reduced to a molten condition when itwas desired to form cast 'ings.

-The ing to m process will be found to be tough and har' and serve as a most excellent antiposed of copper, tin, and black antimony ives most excellent results when the mass metal produced when treated accordrod ing or freezing the same.

jecting the same to the action of sulfate of copper for hardening the same, and also to the action of a chilling in edient.

2. The herein-describe process of hardening co per, or the alloys of copper, comprising s'u ecting the same to heat of a sufficiently high degree to melt the same, and hile in a'heated condition subjecting. the same to the action of sulfate of copper for hardening the same, also to the action of hi- 'chromate of potash for chilling or freezing the ing copper or the alloys of copper, comprise a metal.

3. The. herein-described process of hardening subjecting the same' to heat of a sulficiently high degree to melt-the same, and while in aheated conditionsubjecting the mass to' the action of sulfate of copper for hardening the same andto the action of bichromate of potash for chilling, or freezing the mass, and then reheating the mass and allowing it to cool.

4. The process of hardening copper, com' prising the heating of copper until it is reduced to a molten condition and then introduclng hardening ingredients and permitting them to chill the molten copper until it is too st1fi to be stirred',- the materials being stirred until such condition is'reached. 1

In testimony whereof-I affix my signature I in presence of two Witnesses.

' CARRIE RENsTROM PLUMER.

Witnesses:

G. WARD KEMP, L. C. MASSIE.