US815886A - Process of affixing plastics. - Google Patents

Description

m 0 9 l. 0.. 2 Rm A M D E T m Sw T C A H P S, A .M L.N SI NX ,IH WF .A J .P E0 xS s .E C* 0 R P y No. 815,886'

APPLICATION yFILED MAY15. 1905.

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f 0 J@ W d WA my UNITED fsTATEs PATENT oEEIoE.

EDWARD JARVIS WINSLOW, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PROCESS oF Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed May l5, 1905. Serial No. 260.460.

AFFIXING. PLASTICS.

Patented March 20, 1906.

.To all. 'whom t may concern,.-k f

l Be it'known that I, EDwARD J ARvIs Wins- Low, a citizen of the United States, reslding in Chicago, in the county of Cook and State 'i of Illinois, havey invented a certain new and useful Process of Aflixing Plastics, of which` cient waterproofing even in cases of a very considerable hydraulic pressure.

Heretofore existing methods of applying im ervious coatings toi wet walls have been of itt-le service When the permanency of such coatings is dependent upon its adhesive qualities, since the thin films of water upon the surface of the wall seriously interfere with the formation of a suiiciently intimate union between the wall and the 'adherent coating applied thereto to result in a strong coalescence. This is especially-true when any substantial quantity of water isoozing through the wall, particularly under the circumstance of an appreciable hydrostatic head. In such instances the flow of the fluid will wash away the contacting granular cementv used before it has had an opportunity to set, and although the lack of proper coherence may not be immediately apparent the gathering of water in the interstices existing because of such imperfect union will in time cause the coating to crack and even flake off,and the latter will be wholly worthless for the purpose originally intended.

My invention has for its object to formulate an applying method that will eliminate all of the above-mentioned objections, and it aims at a construction that will at the same time be inexpensive.

Morespeclically, a furtherl object is to devise a method particularly a plicable to conditions in which thewall to be waterproofed lies underground, wholly or in part, and is made of ordinary materials of construction, such as stone or brick, while the impermeable facing is composed of any preferred setting plastic substance, 'such as Portland cement or other suitable compositions of matter. In someinstances it may be desirable to. apply. tiling exterior to the cement, in which case the latter will also serveas a bond between the wall and the tiling.

As the invention may be better understood by reference to illustrations, drawings are appended as a part of this specification, and

promoting the drainage of the wall.

upon referring to the same by means ofrefi erence-letters other objects and advantages will be emphasized.

In the figures of the drawings like letters of reference denote corresponding parts throughout the views, of which- Figure 1. is a sectional pers ective of a wall, showing the various steps orming parts of my method. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a trough construction such as I employ for connecting one or more of the drainage-holes. Fig. 3 is a .modified form of trough construction.

- The difficulty usually encountered when it l is desired to waterproof walls resides in the fact that one can only have access to the outf side face of such wall, the other being usually backed with earthy matter, from whence the' `water exudes.

Thus in Fig. 1 the wall is represented by A, the earth backing by B, and the waterproofing layer y C.. It is the application of the latter in such a manner that 1t will resist all efforts of the water to seep through it that forms the subjectv of this invention. Water is usually able tol readily oozethrough walls of the common materials of construction-such as concrete, stone, and brick, and especially is vthis true in the case of the'latter, in which the water will usually appear upon the surface in one or more places as l irregular patches, depending upon the source of the fluid. This is shown by D on the drawings. The water may flow quite freely in some places and render necessary special preparation of the wall surface, while in others the brick work may be com aratively dry and suitable for` the direct app ication of the coatin Preliminary to carrying out my method o draining and drying such wall I prefer to first go over the surface of it with a sponge and absorb enough of the water on its surface to form an estimate as to the oints of greatest flow. At such points, w ich I have designated as E,I drill to depthscorrespending to the flow holes for the purpose of It is roe obvious that the water in following the lines p of least resistance will flow out of said holes instead of seeping through the wall substance to the front surface of the same. found in practice that many of such holes will flow more or less freely for awhile a'nd th en will finally' cease to flow to any appreciable interfering extent, the stored water having been released. The surroundingr wall-surface will It will be `now bevfound to be in perfect condition for n Athe application of the coating, which may be done after plugging upfthe holes in any preferred way with a suitable material, so that the stren fth of the wall will be entirely maintained. n other instances, however, it will be found that such holes continue to run, althou h the adjacent wall-surface has become sui'liciently. dry. In such cases it may be deemed ex edient to provide such a drainage means or the holes that it can-be maintained not only while-the coating is being applied to the wall, but until it has" become thorou hly set and permanently adherent to the wa l. This I accomplish bly n'loans. of small pipes fitting within the ho es and protruding some little distance beyond the wallface. Such pipes I have shown by F, and in practice I prefer to use the inexpensive poreeain tubes ordinarily employed as insulators. These tubes may be readily broken off after the coating is roperly set in place and the opening then p uggedv up. I have devised a convenient way of lu ging up the borings in the Wall, and this il ustrate by Fig. 4. A uantity of ravel N is :first introduced into ghe hole, an then a stopper O, of elastic material, such as cork, is rammed home, so as to leave a slight recess for' the cement coating to sink into, so as to be able to adhere to the sides. This construction may be used Where the fiow is too small to warrantthe use of the drama e-tubes above mentioned. Should it be re erred, channeling may be resorted to an the number of protruding tubes reduced. Thus one or more of the freely-running oriices may be connected to a central tubed hole, as shown by G in the drawings, b means of a suitable conductor, such as a sma l glass tube or apiece of rope, which will act capillarily, located in the channel. This form of construction is clearly indicated by the section shown in Fig. 2, in which G is the V-shapod channel usually employed and II is the conductor-tube. Fig. 3 shows a substitute means in which I use a strip S of th in metal, wh ich prevents the plastic coating from entirely stopping up the channel. These forms of construction have the advantage that they do not interfere with the adherent capacities of the water roof composition, since the latter will partia ly iill the groove and adhere to the sides. In order that the coating may be made eflective at the bottom, Where the greatest opportunities for the escape of water occur, I open up the iioor by an excavation adjacent `to the baseof the wall, (shown by K,) and in the latter I provide a trough L to carry away the excess Water to some suitable drain or basin, from which it may be pumped. The wall having been thus prepared and a number of scores M cut into its face to render the adherence of the coating more positive, the latter may now be applied, extending it over the entire face and down to the bottom of the Wall beneath the floor-surface. After a sufficient timehas transpired for the coating to thoroughly set the tubes which protrude to allow of the escape of the exuding water (one of which is shown at F) are broken oil and the exit stopped with a quick -setting cement. Ofcourse some su1table connection will be made at the base of the wall with the floor, that shown by the drawings being a form I have frequently employed in practice. This forms a neat joint free from all unsightly and other'objectionable seams and will be found to be quite eilective for the purpose of waterprooiing. Besides, it blends well with the wall-covering, which is likewise free from any projections.

Having thus described my invention, so that the same may be understood and put into practice by all those skilled in the art to which it appertains, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The method of aiiixing plastic compositions to wet Walls, comprising as successive steps, the tapping of the Wall within su ersaturated areas so as to drain same, and w en sufiiciently dry, the afiixing of the composition.

2. The method of aiiixing plastic impervious coatings to the inner face of subterranean oozing walils, comprising the boring of holes in appropriate ositions in a wall whereby it will be rapidly rained, the inserting of drainpipes in certain of such borings, the appl ing of the coating to the drained Wall aroundy the protruding drain-pipes, and the removal of the latter and the closure of theoriices by a completion ofthe plastering.-

3. In a method of securely atiixing a setting .water roof composition to Water-soaked walls, the rying of a wall to the requisite degree by making a plurality of holes or channels in a art or parts of' said wall, connecting thereto rainage-tubes, then a plying the adherent composition to such ried wall and maintaining the drainage during the setting of said composition.

4. A method of waterproofing ermeable walls comprising a ta ping of sudii walls at the points of greatest ow, allowing the accumulated water to escape through such tappings, providing carry-away pipes for such tappings as continue to run, connecting ot er tappings thereto by means of countersunk conductin passages, plastering over the prepared wa l-surface, removing the protruding drainage-pipes and plastering over the mouths ofthe tappings` 5. The method of afiixing impervious plastic compositions to the inner faces of Wet walls, comprising as successive steps the tapping of the Wall Within the wetted zones so as to drain the same and, when suiliciently dry, the aiiixing ofthe impervious compositlon.

6. The method of aiixing plastic, impervious compositions to the inner face of oozing subterranean Walls, comprising as successive IOC steps, the tapping of the Walls Within sugesaturated areas so as to drain same, the a whereby it will be rapid y drained, the insert-v ing of rain-pipes in certain of such borings',v

the applying of the coating to the drained wall around the protrudin drain-pipes, the removal of the latter after t e permanent setting of the coating,` and the closure of the holes by a com letlon of the Plastering.

8. In a met od of securely affixing a setting Waterproof compositionto the inner face of Water-soaked subterranean walls, the d ing of a wall to the requisitedegree by ma ing a plurality of holes or channels ina part or parts of said p Wall, connecting thereto 'drainage-tubes, then apglyin the adherentA Y composition to such drie 111g the drainage during the setting of said composition.

Wal and maintainv9. A method of Waterprooing the inner face of permeable subterranean Walls comprising a tap ing of such Walls at the points of greatest 0W, allowing the accumulated Water to escape through such tappings providing carry-away pipesfor such tapplngs as continue to run, connecting other tappings thereto by means of countersunk conductingpassages, plastering over the prepared Wal surface, removing the protru ing drainagepipes and plastering over the mouths of the tappings.

n testimony whereof I aliX my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

' EDWARD JARVIS WINSLOW.

Witnesses: ALBERT F. NATHAN, EDITH O. SABLES.

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