US813133A - Steam-generator. - Google Patents

Description

No. 813,133. PATENTED FEB. 20, 1906.

O. P. ALTMANN.

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 9. 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

W a J M/Mr" PATENTED FEB. 20, 1906.

C. P. ALTMANN. STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 9, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 collar or flangering 6.

close the mouth 7 of the furnace.

CHARLES PHILIPPE ALTMANN, OF LYON, FRANCE.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 20, 1906.

Application filed May 9, 1905. Serial No. 259,589

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES PHILIPPE ALTMANN, a citizen of the Republic of France,

residing at Lyon, France, have invented new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Steam-Generators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a steam-generator with very quick evaporation and superheating of a very simple construction in which all the parts, which are independent of each other as regards expansion, can be easily examined.

AsteaIngenerator according to this invention is illustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section of the steamgenerator. Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross-section on the line 22 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 a detail view.

The furnace 4 is constituted by a truncated cone at the upper narrower portion provided with or terminating in a cylindrical part 5.

To the upper end of the furnace is secured a The conical portion 4 is laterally bent out at the bottom, so as to The upper portion of the cone 4 receives a bundle of curved evaporator-tubes .8, for which purpose it is provided with holes arranged in parallel series or rows, two and two corresponding, so'as to receive the ends'of the said curved tubes. The upper cylindrical portion 5 receives a bundle of superheater-t'ubes 9 and is to that end provided with holes arranged in a similar manner to those made in the conical portion. At the bottom the cone 4'is riveted to an outer casing 10 -and at the top is closed by a cap 1 1, in the center of which is arranged a chimney 12. The outer'casing is constituted by two superposed parts 10 and 13 of the same diameter. The bottom part 10, riveted to the furnace, is not detachable and is provided at the top with a flange, ring, or angle-iron 14. The upper part 13 is provided at the bottom edge with a similar flange or ring 15, which is secured to the flange 14 by means of bolts or screws. casing 13 is riveted a crown 16, constituted by an angle-iron of a special shape in crosssection (see Fig. 3) and turned inside to a diameter slightly larger than that of the ring 6.

thicker and of a smaller diameter.

To the top of the This angle-iron is, moreover, provided with an inner circular recess with which engages the depending flange of a ring 17, thus forming a stuffing-box and insuring a tight joint between the ring 6 and the outer casing. This stuffing-box is tightened down onto the angle-iron 16 by means of bolts or screws.

The steam-evaporator tubes 8 are arranged in concentric series and are bent in the shape of arcs of circles. The number of the tubes is not the same in each concentric series, but increases from the series nearest to the aXis of the generator to that adjoining the periphery, as will be readily understood on examining Fig. 2. Each series is constituted by a number of tubes generally arranged in the vertical plane, so that their ends are on one and the same generatrix of the cone 4. The various successive series are, moreover, arranged alternately, so as to better break up the gaseous sheet passing through them.

The arrangement of the superheater-tube's 9 presents a great analogy with the preceding one; but the curvature of the tubes is greater and the tubes themselves are preferably At the place where the superheater-tubes are arranged the cylindrical part of the furnace is provided with a series of rings 18 of square cross-section acting as partitions between the series of holes, with which engage the ends of the tubes. These rings are securely held in place by a thin ring 19, which forms with them a series of circular partitions communicating with each other through the intermediary of the tubes themselves. The arrows show clearly the path which the steam must follow, owing to the arrangement described.

Communicating with the steam-outlet at 20 is a steam-supply pipe 21, which passes through the ring 6, to which its end is secured.

Round the cone 4 is concentrically arranged a cylindrical diaphragm 22 of thin sheet metal, the object of which is to produce circulation of the water contained between the furnace and the outer casing.

A feed-tank 23 is arranged at the top in the steam -space round the furnace, inclosing the whole or part of its circumference. This tank 23 receives direct feed-water supplied by the feed-pump. This water after having filled the reservoir'falls in a shower all round and outside the diaphragm 22. Holes 24, suitably arranged so that they can be closed by means of covers, enable the tank to be examined without the boiler being taken to pieces.

A fire-grate 25 is arranged in the usual manner in the bottom portion of the furnace, and the whole of the boiler rests on a metal support 26, forming the ash-pit.

Combustion-gases rise in the furnace 4 and pass between the evaporator-tubes 8 and the superheater-tubes 9 before escaping through the chimney 12. On examining the direction of the arrows in Fig. 1 it will be seen that the gases in order to pass between the evaporator-tubes are obliged to turn twice, once when passing from the furnace to its periphery and again when passing from the periphery to the space between the two sets of tubes 8 and 9. Thence in order to reach the chim ney the gases must still pass the superheating set in the same manner as just stated. In that way the gases reach the chimney only after having given off nearly all the heat they contained.

Water is contained between the furnace 4 and the outer casings 10 and 13. It is kept practically level with the top of the evaporating set 8 and fills the tubes of that set, and it will be seen that under the influence of the heat from the furnace an active circulation will take place in these tubes. Their great curvature and the conical shape of the furnace are very favorable to the circulation of the water and to the disengagement of steambubbles, which on escaping enter a large receiving-space without the bubbles esca ing from the upper rows or series being liab e to form a screen and to interfere with the passage of bubbles from the other rows or series. The diaphragm 22 also plays an important part in the circulation by separating the com paratively cold water falling in a shower from the feed tank 23 from the hot water discharged from the tubes or having undergone the action of the furnace. The more or less moist steam generated on the surface of the water will rise to the upper portion of the generator and pass in the form of a thin sheet between the upper edge of the wall 19 and the wall of the cylindrical part 5. It is thence obliged to pass, as already stated, through the different rows of tubes one after another in order to finally enter the steamipe 21.

This superheater of extreme simp icity is very eflicient, and the position which it occupies above the evaporating set which absorbs the greatest portion of the heat supplied by the furnace protects it against injurious influence of direct fire. The examination of the sets of tubes and their cleaning as will be understood, it can be thus easily drawn out and replaced. The arrangement of the feed-tank 23 in the steam-space offers the advantage of a partial deposlt of sediment in an easily-accessible spot without it being necessary to empty the generator. Moreover, the fall of water in the shape of a shower and around the whole circumference has the advantage of preventing localization of deposits, which thus fall to the bottom and are evenly distributed. The deposit can be easily removed either in the feed-tank or at the bottom of the generator through closable openings and suitably arranged for the purpose. Moreover, in order to examine the generator it is quite easy to release the upper casing 13, secured by bolts to the flange 14. It is sufficient for the purpose to unscrew the bolts connecting the flanges 14 and 15 and also those of the ring 17, whereupon the outer casing 13 can be removed. When fitting u or erecting the generator, the joint 15 14 wiil be made first without it being necessary to pay any attention to the joint between the rings 6 and 16, which joint is made last and allows the furnace 4 5 to expand freely. It may be finally observed that the various joints are scarcely exposed at all to steampressure, which in this kind of generator can be very high without causing any drawbacks.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. A steam generator and superheater comprising a cylindro-conical furnace provided with a set of steam-superheater tubes and a set of water-evaporator tubes, all bent in curves, the steam-superheater tubes being combined with partitions so as to cause the steam to pass successively through all the rows of tubes before escaping, a feed-tank being preferably arranged in the interior of the steam-space and discharging water outside a water-circulator diaphragm arranged between the furnace-wall and the outer casing substantially as described.

2. A steam-generator comprising a vertical outer casing and inner furnace-casing, sets of curved water circulating and evaporator tubes arranged within the furnace-casing and having their ends communicating In testimony whereof I have affixed my with the space between the said outer and signature in presence of two subscribing wit- :0 inner casingsl, sets of I(lzurved superhefaternesses. Y

tubes sirni ar set in t e u er art 0 the interior of th e furnace cssiing partitions CHARLES PHILIPPE ALTMANN' such as 18, 19 around the tube ends, and a Witnesses:

feed-water tank adjacent to the superheater ED. LAMY,

steam-tubes, substantially as described. THOS. N. BROWNE.

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