US81021A - Henry skidmore - Google Patents

Description

BENE T SKlDMORE, OF MOUNT VERNON, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 81,021, dated August 11, 1363.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR GUTTNG FAPER.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

' Beit known that I, HENRY Snrniuonn, of Mount Vernon, in the county of Westchester, and State of New York, have invented anew and useful improvement on Machines for Cutting Paper, Gloth,4Foil, and other like; or suitable material, in sheets or strips, of which the following is a full,`clear, and iexact description, reference being had to theA accompanying drawing, .forming part of this specification, and ih which- Figure 1 represents a front view of a machine constructed according to my invention, and '.Figure 2 a central verticalsection of the sanne. o A

Figui-cl3 is atransverse section through aportion of the cutting-device, showing ,the application of a drag thereto. Similar letters of'referencc indicate corresponding parts., My invention relates to a machine or combination of mechanism for cutting papexg'cloth, foil, or other like materiel, into sheets of a given length and shape, in rapid succession, from a' strip of such material fed in a continuous manner,- and subjected to the action of a constantly-rcvolvingV cutter acting in concert with a stationary one; and my invention includes a variable relative velocity of the fecdand cutter to change the length of sheet cu-t, without of necessity altering the character or shape of the cut, and comprises a combination of an obl-ique or helically-shaped revolving cutter with a stationary knife, both carried by a swinging or otherwise equivalently-hung frame, adjustable in an angular direction across the material being fed; likewise includes a combination of a constant feed to the strip ras established by drawing-rollers and continuouslyrevolving cutter acting in concert with a stationary knife; also, a peculiarly-bevelled knife, relatively to the feed, and for action in connection with a revolving cutter, to secure a free run to the material fed over it Iand in such connection, a peculiar bevel to the rotary cutter, and. yielding action to a stationary knife; likewise, in combination with cutters arranged intermediate o f them, drawing-rollers to the material to effect its hold andfced, and the one of which is made to travel faster than the other, to secure delivery of a cut-sheet before again seizing thc strip. v

Referring to the accompanying drawing, A represents a roll or drum, on which the paper, cloth, foil, or other material, shown in red lines, is wound, said roll working in suitable bearings iu the side frames B of the machine. From this roll the outer end portion of the material, as it is unreeled, is passed over a drawingroller, C, and between it and4 pressure-rollers'l), the latter having, say, a free or independent motion, underv the control, as regards their pressing-force, of springs and screws, or otherwise, while the drawing-roller C has a. positive motion communicated lto vit by any suitable gearing, as, for instance, through a pulley, c, driven byV a. band, Zz, from a nulley, a, on a main or driving-shaft, E, Y

The material, after thus being entered or passed, on the rotation of the shaft E, through between the drawing-roller C and pressure-'rollers D, is passed to or through the cutting-apparatus, and fromthencc to a lower roller, F,.by which it is seized between it and pressure-rollers Gr', said lower roller F being operated by pulleys d e', and bund e, or other vsuitable gear.

'lbe length of the sheet to bc cut is determined by the velocityor travel given to the drawing-rollers, or upper one, C, thereof, relatively to the speed of the main drivingshaft E, from which the Vcutter is driven, as f hereinafter described, so that by altering the relative diameters of the pulleys a and c, the size or length of the eut sheet may be varied as required.

The cutting-apparatus is here represented as embracing a cross-frame, G, hung loosely 'or freely, at one end, on a way-shaft, H, as a centre of motion, and adjustable up or down at itsopposite end, where, when the cutters which it serves to carry, are set to the required angle across the pather course of the material between the drawing-rollers, it may be secured by a screw,f, or otherwise.

The way-shaft H may be driven from the main shaftE by or through mitre-wheels q h, and 'communicate motion to thc revolving cutter I by or through mitre-wheels While both cutters are carriedby tho adjustableiframe G, the one, J, of them may bc denominated stationary. This knife orcuttcr is'so fitted to the frame G, in rear of the descending material to be out, as that it is capable of being adjusted fromdbehind, at or near bevelled from its top downwardly in a forward direction,

its two ends, forwards or backwards, relatively to the revolving cutter I. Such adjustment may be e`ected by screws 7:, screwing, say, into the rear of the knife, and working through free holesy in the rear portion of the swinging frame G, and batting or resting by collars against the back of the same, so that such adjustingscrews will also act as guides in a freeback lmovement of said knife, with which it is advisable to provide it, or action in a reverse direction to that of a spring, K, which serves to keep the knife J pressed forward, and to return it to its forward position after it has been slightly moved back, by the action on or against it by therevolving knife I, and by which means thecutting-edges of the two knives are always kept in proper working relationship to each other, and a soft or easy cut is given to the material. The'front edge of the knife J is so as to oder little or no resistance to the material in its descent over or past it.

Carried also by the adjustable frame G, on the 'opposite side orface of the descending material, is the revolving cutterl, secured to shaft,*l, on which the mitre-wheel z' is hung. The centre lino of this shaft, Z, is parallel with the edgeotthc stationary knife J, but the cutter I, carried by and revolving in concert with said shaft, is set obliquely thereto, and arranged in a helical line around the same within a circle, the circumference of which is somewhat greater than the largest sheet to' be cut, so that it may travel faster than the material to be cut, and the frontor cutting-edge of which revolving cutter, the direction in travel of which is indicated by the arrow x, is tapered or bevelled inwardly from rear to front, that this' forms a favorable cutting and clearing contact with the stationary knife and material passing in between them also forms a self-sharpening action, and a more gradual or easy blo'w or striking-action of the revolving cutter on the stationary knife, as the' former, each revolution, passes the latter, the more advanced end or portion of the helicallyarranged revolving' cutter first striking or.touching on'passing the stationary knife at the end corresponding to or opposite such portion, and afterwards the remainder of the revolving knife, gradually or successively, and similarly throughout its length, touching and passing the remaining portion of the stationary knife throughout its length towards its end nearest the mitre-wheelszandj; a proper adjustment of the stationary knife on the frame Gbeing rst made, to insure such contact with the revolving cutter through its length.

To first set or establish thc cut at the proper place in the strip, the mitre-wheel j maybe disconnected, in any suitable way, from driving-gear, with its shaft,'and the revolving cutter turned by hand to the proper position for starting the crut, after which the connection of the mitre-wheel j with the way-shaft H may be re-established to secure a continuity of like cuts in succession. y

From this description it will be apparent that a regular` succession or series of cuts is or may be made of the strip or material, into sheets of equal length, while running, the length being varied at pleasure by altering the speed of the drawing-roller C, relatively to the driving-shaft E, from which the revolving cutter derives its motion.

' In'asmuch, however, as the revolving knife commences to cut at one side or edge of the-strip ormaterial as the latter is in constant motion, and only gradually cuts across the sheet, it will be necessary to adjust the Obliquity of the cutters, or frame G which carries` them,to the velocity of the material or length fed during, the passage of the moving cutter past the stationary one, in order that a straight or any particular ahgle of eut across the material may be madc,.for, as the helical revolving cutter, according to its pitch, will occupy a given time before it finally passes the 'stationary cutter throughout its length, commencing at one end of it and nishing at the other, then, if the speed or amount of material 4being fed or passed, be increased, it will be obvious that to secure a straight cut across the'strip, that is, one 'at right angles toits edges, a greater Obliquity in an upward direction of the frame Gr, or increased elevation of itsadjustable end, will be required than where a slower speed is given to the material, or lessamount of it, for cutting shorter sheets, is fed in a given time.

This will be apparent when it is considered that the stripor material is in constant motion, and of course occupies a varied length of time to pass the cutters, according to its velocity of travel, while the revolving cutter, by its sweep or pitch, bears a xed relationship to the stationary cutter.

Thus, by simply altering or adjusting the Obliquity of the cutters or frame Gr, up or down, at its loose end, either a straight or any desired angle of cut may be established across the materials for varied speeds of it, or different lengths of sheets required to be cut. Nor is the material, by such a combination and angular adjustment of the cutters, at all impeded in its progress. Furthermore, while the cutting-edge ofthe stationary knife J is or should be straight, or nearly so, to give a straight-edged catto the material, the Obliquity or helical run of the revolving cutter may be varied, so as to take any amount of time inside of a'whole revolution before passing the stationary cutter throughout its entire length, whereby an easyand shear-cut may be establishedb A universal joint, or any other suitable motion; may be substituted for that shown for operating the revolving cutter, and providing for it and the stationary cutters angular adjustment or that ofthe frame G, as described. Also the revolving cutter may Ihave a variable speed given it if required- I To secure a clean or steady and regular cut, the shaft Z, of the revolving cutter "I, carries an elastic clamping or other pressure-friction` block or drag, M, that has a tendency to rotate with the shaft, andl is only restrained from doing so by striking or resting against the frame, or other suitable stop, and that, byits friction on the shaft, serves to hold the revolving knife constantly back, as it were, thereby preventing backlash or play, which gives ajumping or irregular actionto the, cutter.

Furthermore, to prevent dulling, and give a free slip to the cutters, the one over and against the other, and to facilitate the cut, I cause the revolvng'knife or cutter, at its cutting-edge, in the course of its rotation, to come in contact with, so as to rotate and preferably lift or raise`it, a lubricating-roller, N, hung free orloose in bearings r, that in the present instance should be connected with the adjustable frame G, that carries the cutters, so as to occupy a fixed relationship to the revolving one, whatever its adjustment. This lubricating-roller may be formedof or covered with any suitable soft and absorbent material, that will serve to hold oil rubbed on or over it, and that will exude or give out the lsame to slightly lubricate the revolving knife on its cutting-edge as it strikes it. Being free, or loose. and revolving,`said lubricating-device offers no perceptible impediment to the free rotation of the cutter.

What is here claimed, and desired to be securedA by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of an oblique or helically-shaped revolving cutter with a stationary knife, when both are so suspendeder carried in an adjustable frame as that their angular position, relatively to the path travelled by thematerial between them, may be variedfsubstantialfly as and for the purpose or ypurposes specified.

2. The combination, with a constant or continuous feed to the strip or material in sheet form to be cut, as established 'by drawing-rollers, or their equivalents, of a continuously-revolving cutter, acting in concert with a stationary knife, essentially as herein set forth..

A3. The knife J, bevelled, as shown and described, on its' cutting-odge, relatively to the passage of the material over or against it, for operation, in combination with a travelling or rotary cutter, substantially as specified. t v

4. The knives or cutters I and J, when bevclled on their cutting-edges relatively to each other, and to the travel or passage ofthe material to be out, essentially as lshown and described.

5. In combination with a rotary cutter, a stationary knife or cutter, adjustable towards or from it, and pressed forwards by a spring, or its equivalent,'so-as to slightly project into the path travelled by the advanced edge of the rotary cutter, and so that said stationary cutter'is pressed or u'rged'backwards by the rotary one in passing it, as specified. l

6. The arrangement of the cutters I J, 'intcrmodiately between the drawing-rollers C and the deliveringrollers F, for operation, substantially as specified.

7. The combination of the feed-rollers C D, delivery-rollers F G, and cutters I J, whereby paper, cloth, foil, or other like material may be fed in a continuous manner, and eutnp into sheets at right or other required angles, to or across Vthe feed or edges of the strip, all being arranged and operating essentially as specified.

H. SKIDMORE. Witnesses:

J. W. CooMBs, A. Ln CLERC.

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