US806886A

US806886A - Portable drilling-machine.

Info

Publication number: US806886A
Application number: US13857603A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harvey S Glenn; Coulter E Glenn
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1903-01-10
Filing date: 1903-01-10
Publication date: 1905-12-12
Anticipated expiration: 1922-12-12

Description

No. 806,886. PATENTBD DEC. 12, 1905.

H. S. 8: G. B. GLENN. PORTABLE DRILLING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 10. 1903.

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No. 806,886. PATBNTED DEC. 12, 1 905. H. S & C. B. GLENN.

PORTABLE DRILLING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN.10. 1903.

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PATBNTED DEC. 12, 1905. 7

H. SQ & G. B. GLENN. PORTABLE DRILLING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN, 10. 1903.

1 2'7 1 van No. 806,886. I PATENTED DEC. 12, 1905.

H. s. & 0. E. GLENN.

PORTABLE DRILLING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 10. 1903.

7 SHEETS-SEEET 4.

Momma/Ago No. 806,886. PATENTED DEG. 12,1905.

H. S. & G. E. GLENN.

PORTABLE DRILLING MACHINE. APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 0 190a.

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al ke-M421 PATENTED DEC. 12, 1905.

H. S. 6: G. B. GLENN. PORTABLE DRILLING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 10. 1903.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

lmi r vw/amo PATENT'ED DEC. 12, 1905.

H. S. & O. E. GLENN. PORTABLE DRILLING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 10. 1903.

7 SHEETS-SHEBT 7.

PATENT OFFICE.

OAKMONT, PENNSYL- PORTABLE DRILLING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 12, 1905.

Application filed January 10, 1903. Serial No. 138,576.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HARVEY S. GLENN and CoULrER E. GLENN, citizens of the United States, residing at Oakmont, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Portable Drilling-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention pertains to well-drilling machinery, and is shown embodied in a portable drilling apparatus.

Primarily it consists in a novel construction and arrangement of parts whereby the engine-shaft is permitted to run continuously and the other shafts, of which there are several. are adapted to clutch and unclutch or gear and ungear to and from the engine-shaft as occasion requires. Incident to this main feature of construction are various other features, details, and combinations, which will be pointed out in the ensuing description.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of' the improved machine looking at its front or drilling end and lefthand side; Fig. 2, a top plan View of the machine; Fig. 3, a side elevation; Fig. 4, a longitudinal vertical section on the line i 4 of Fig. 2; Fig. 5, a vertical transverse section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 2; Fig. 6, a vertical section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 2; Fig. 7, a perspective view showing the manner of mounting and operating two of the clutch-shifters; Fig. 8, a sectional perspectiveview illustrating the construction of the king-bolt and parts connected therewith; Fig. 9, a detail view of the adjustable bearings for the rear belt-wheel shaft, and Fig. 10 a perspective view of the derrick and front end of the machine.

The purpose of this invention is to produce a portable machine adapted for drilling wells of any depth required, it being now quite common to sink wells to a depth of from one thousand to three thousand feet.

In the drilling of a well various operations have to be performed with considerable frequency. Thus in starting the well and while the tools are above the ground and it is impracticable to suspend them directly from the walking-beam (as is done after the well has been sunk a given distance) spudding is resorted to-that is to say, the tools are raised and dropped by drawing upon the main drillrope passing over the crown-pulley or that pulley which is at the top of the derrick or scaffolding. After the drilling has progressed far enough to permit the drill-rope is bound in a clamp suspended by a temper-screw from the cross-head of the walking-beam, and the drilling is performed by oscillating said walking-beam and alternately raising and dropping the tools into the well, the main drillrope being paid out as the drilling progresses. It is necessary, particularly when drilling in rock, to hoist the drill and the jars from time to time and to lower into the well a sand-pump to take up chipsand cuttings, or sand, if such there be, and clear the way for the further ac tion of the drill. It is also necessary to sharpen the drill somewhat frequently, for which further reason it has to be raised and lowered. A drum is provided for winding the main drillrope and hoisting the tools, and another and independent drum isprovided for raising and lowering the sand-pump. A third drum is furnished to perform the operation of turning the pipe or casing-sectionsin order to screw them together or unscrew them, the sections being of large diameter and requiring the expenditure of great force to effect their connection and disconnection. A rope wound upon the drum and passing several times about the pipe or casing, which is steadied by a suitable support, serves to turn said pipe or casing, the free end of the rope being held by an attendant and paid to the drum as the work progresses. The present invention concerns only this drum so far as pertains to the screwing and unscrewing of the pipe-sections. This mode of handling pipe or casing and the details of apparatus for that purpose areset forth in United States Letters Patent No. 585,668, granted to us July 6, 1897, to, which reference may be made by any one desiring information as to matter outside of the present invention. These different operations and others are performed at irregular intervals and in alternation, though not in necessarily regular order. They are performed sepa rately and one at a time. For this reason it is important that the several shafts be capable of being readily thrown into or out of gear with the engine. It is also desirable that the engine be maintained constantly in action during the operation of the machine in order to avoid waste of time in starting and stopping and, further, to lessen the attention required on the part of the engineer. An engine properly constructed and provided with a suitable governor or regulator will run a Considerable length of time without care or attention; but to stop and start it with frequency of course necessitates the presence and service of an attendant at each such starting and stopping. The importance, therefore, of having the engine-shaft capable of running freely, continuously, and independently of the other shafts will be apparent. With this general explanation we pass to the description of the machine represented in the drawings.

In order to combine in the highest practicable degree adequate strength and due lightness and compactness, the machine is preferably constructed throughout of steel. Its main frame comprises two longitudinal channel beams or girders A A, connected at suitable intervals by cross-girders B and C, also in the form of channel or I beams, more or fewer cross-beams being employed, according to the size of the machine and the rigidity deemed necessary. Gross beam or girder B is located near the front end of the frame and is placed with its web in a horizontal plane, its flanges being consequently vertically disposed. Said flanges are drilled to receive bolts which pass through the flanges and through angle-irons a, which are in turn bolted to the beams or girders A.

D indicates a short Lbeam or girder, which has its web in vertical plane and its upper flange bolted to the web of the girder or crossbeam B. The girder D is shorter than-the cross-girder B, terminating sufficiently inward from-the side beams or sills A to aflord space for the front carrying-wheels of the frame to pass between its ends and said sills or girders when passing over rough and irregular roads, such as are commonly encountered in the oil regions and other places where machines of this character are employed. Said cross-girder D has bolted to it a hollow casting 6, having a conical seat for the king-bolt or vertical pivot c of a yoke d, in which the front axle 0 is pivotally supported and free to rock in a vertical plane. The king-bolt opermits the front wheels E, carried by the axle c, to swing forward or rearward in turning, while the horizontal pivot-bolt f permits the wheels to rise and fall and the axle e to rock or tip in passing over uneven roads.

At or near the rear end of the machine there is a heavy cross-axle g, which, being secured to the main girders or sills A through brackets or hangers, serves to space and stiffen said girders and also to receive ground-wheels F.

The cross-girder C serves to carry various parts, hereinafter referred to, as well as to brace and stiffen the frame. To further strengthen the frame, particularly against vertical stress or strain, a truss-rod it is applied to each side girder or sill, with a suitable strut i at or about the mid-length between the truss-rod and the sill or girder.

Rising from each side girder A is avertical standard or upright G, each preferably formed of an I-beam and suitably bolted or otherwise made-fast to the side sill. Each upright or standard G carries at its upper end a box or bearing for a short fulcrum shaft or member j, bolted to the under side of a plate girder or beam H, tapering from the fulcrum-point toward each end, the two beams H H being cross-connected and jointly constituting the walking-beam of the machine.

The primary and permanent cross connections of the walking-beam members H H are two cylindrical shafts or ties k and Z, the former toward the front and at the under side of the walking-beam and the latter in rear of the walking-beam fulcrum and at the upper side of the beam. These ties 7c and Z, as seen in Fig. 1, are suitably trussed and their ends are made fast in castings bolted or clamped to the flanges of the walking-beam members. The tie k is furnished with a loose sheave or pulley m at or about its mid-length, and the cross-tie Z isv similarly provided with a loose pulley 72. These pulleys are free to rotate upon the cross-ties, which serve as axles, but are or may. be held against .too great lateral displacement by suitable retaining-collars or in any other usual or convenient way,.though obviously the shafts may be permitted to rotate. These pulleys serve to guide the main drill-rope, which passes from the rope-drum to the rearward and over the top of the pulley at and thence forward beneath and upward around the pulley m, thence to the crownpulley hereinafter referred to,.and down to the tools when spudding.

I indicates a steam-engine the valve-chest of which rests under the arrangement herein shown directly upon the flange of the left side beam 'or girder A. Its cylinder. overhangs said beam and is sustained by brackets 0, bolted to said beam or-side girder. The forward cylinder-head has cast with or bolted to it a hollow guide for the cross-head, which guide in turn has a foot extending outwardly over and resting upon the upper flange of the side beam or girder, so that the engine is adequately supported at all points and can be made fast or rigid upon the framework of the machine,

The main engine-shaft is indicated at J. It is carried in boxes or hearings or otherwise made fast upon the upper flanges of the side sills or girders A, carries at one end a-suitable fly-wheel K, and is furnished at the opposite end with a crank-disk L, to the crankpin of which the engine-pitman is connected in the usual way. This shaft is kept constantly rotating while the machine is in operation.

M indicates a belt wheel or pulley which is made ofcomparatively small diameter, usually about twenty-two inches, but with a broad face of about twelve inches ordinarily. These dimensions are simply suggestive and not essential, but are those which'in practice have been found suitable.

At or near the rear end of the main frame are mounted upon the upper flanges of the side beams or girders or uponintermediate supports shaft boxes or bearings to receive the journals of a cross-shaft N, which carries at its ends crank-arms p and at an intermediate point a large band or belt wheel 0. It will be observed that the engine-shaft J is located well toward the front of the machine, while the shaft N is located as far back as is practicable. This enables us to secure a sufficient wrapping of the belt about both pulleys to preclude appreciable or material slipping of the belt. It also enables motion to be transmitted with a relatively slack belt, which is always desirable, because it avoids undue lateral pressure of the shafts in their boxes and obviates the necessity of frequently cutting and shortening the belt.

The rear shaft N is made adjustable toward and from the engine-shaft. In practice we have found five inches of adjustment sufficient for machines of various sizes, practically for any machine of this type, though we do not mean arbitrarily to restrict ourselves to any range of adjustment. With five inches we have found it practicable to run a machine for great periods of time without once cutting the belt, whereas it is customary with all other machines of this general class now in use, so far as our knowledge goes, to cut and shorten the belt very frequentlyin fact, almost every day. The saving in time and labor incident to our construction is therefore manifestly great.

The crank-arms 12, carried by the shaft N,

' are each provided with a series of perforations or bolt-holes to permit varying stroke or throw to be given to the walking-beam, eachmember of which is connected with one of the cranks through a pitman P. It is preferred to make each pitman connection in the form of a yoke or bail passing about the rear end of the walking-beam member with which it connects and having its upper cross-bar made in cylindrical form and carried in a box or bearing. By this construction the downpull on the rear end, which produces the lifting stroke of the walking-beam, holds the box or bearing to the walking-beam, whereas were it on the under side it would tend to strip it therefrom. On the upstroke of the rear end there is no strain upon the box or hearing, as the tools tend to descend of their own weight and the walking-beam is held up in the'yoke or bail.

In advance of engine-shaft J is a shaft Q, upon which are fixed a drum or reel R and gear-wheel S. The purpose of this drum is to wind on the rope or cable used in coupling and uncoupling the casing-sections of the well. This shaft Q is journaled in bearings or boxes conveniently located upon the side pinion T, carried by the engine-shaft J. Said pinion is adapted to slide upon the engineshaft, but is splined or held thereon, so as to preclude its turning independently of said shaft. It is arranged to be moved into alinement and mesh with gear S or to a position in which it just clears said gear with cer tainty, or finally to a position in alinement with a gear U, which with a drumV is carried by a shaft W, carrying also a wheel X, commonly designated the bull-wheel. The gears S and U occupy parallel vertical planes separated a distance slightly greater than the axial measurement of the pinion T, so that when the latter is in its medial position it shall not mesh with either of said gears, but when thrown to one or the other side of such medial position it shall mesh with one or the other, according to the direction in which it is adjusted.

Pinion T is provided with a circumferentially-grooved neck or collar to receive a stud or studs of a shifting yoke or lever Y of usual construction. This shifting-lever Y is fulcrumed upon a metal bar Z, one end of which is formed with a tang or neck in the nature of a bolt-stem and passes through the web of the right-hand beam or girder A, its protruding end being threaded and furnished with a nut, as indicated in Fig. 7. The other end of said bar Z is bent or fashioned into a foot or bracket, which rests upon and is bolted to the top of the cross-girder (J, as shown in the same figure. Bar Z also forms a support for a second shifting yoke or lever, which will be further referred to.

Shaft J in addition to the fly-wheel K and pinion T carriesa wheel A, havingaV-shaped periphery designed to fit, frictionally engage with, and drive a correspondingly -grooved wheel B, carried by ashaft 0, upon which is mounted a drum D, designed to wind on or ofi the sand-pump rope or cable. One end of the shaft 0' is carried in a box or bearing E, pivotally supported in brackets q, bolted or otherwise made fast to one of the main side beams or girders Athe left-hand beam under the construction here illustrated. The opposite end of said shaft C is carried in a box or bearing 9", bolted or otherwise, secured upon a beam or lever F. (Shown in top plan view in Fig.2, in side elevation in Fig. 4:, and in.

cross-section in Fig. 5. It is also seen in the perspective view 1.) This beam is pivotally supported at its rear end in brackets or hangers bolted to the cross beam or girder C and is connected at its forward end by a link 3 to a radial arm t, projecting rear wardly from a rock-shaft G, journaled in the side beams or girders A or in boxes carried thereby.

From the rock-shaft G an operating lever or handle H extends forward to or beyond the front of the machine. By means of this lever H the beam F may be raised so as to IIO press the periphery of grooved wheel B into firm contact with the frictional driving-wheel A, so that motion will be imparted from shaft J through said wheels to the shaft 0. carrying the drum D. In this way the drum may be rotated in the proper direction to wind on the rope or cable carrying the sand-pump and to lift the same, said rope passing upwardly over a pulley on the upper part of the derrick, but below the crown-wheel which carries the tool rope or cable.

Beneath the periphery of grooved wheel B is a brake strap or band m, curved to conform to the periphery of said wheel, but set sufficiently low to permit the wheel B to pass entirely out of contact with wheel A before coming into actual contact with the brake strap or band, which latter is permanently secured to the framing of the machine and has no movement. The space between the band and the wheel is, however, slight, so that immediately after passing out of contact with wheel A the broad face or periphery of wheel B on opposite sides of its groove shall come into contact with the inner face of the brake-band and offer friction suflicient to retard or, if pressure be applied to force the wheel into the band then completely to prevent, rotation of said wheel, and consequently of its shaft and drum. Thisdownward pressure is produced or effected by lifting the lever or handle H, and thus pressing downward the beam F through the medium of link 8 and arm 6. The degree of friction can thus be determined and regulated with nicety. This affords a very convenient way of controlling the descent of the sand-pump, which takes place by reason of the weight of said pump. It is therefore unnecessary to reverse the engine in order to cause the ascent and descent of the pump alternately. In other words, the engine operates to lift the pump, and the pump descends by gravity, but under the control of the brake device just described, thus preventing a too sudden descent and consequent injury to the pump or its line or rope.

We have above described the manner of rotating the shaft W with its drum V and bullwheel X, the shaft Q with its drum R, and the shaft C with its drum D and have also explained the manner of controlling the descent of the sand-pump. The drum V is operated in the same manner as drum Dthat is to say, it is positively rotated in a direction to wind on the drill rope or cable; but the latter is allowed to pay out or wind off through the weight of the tools and cable acting to rotate the drum Vin a direction opposite to that in which it is turned by the engine, the drum being at such time disconnected from the engine through the shifting of pinion T out of mesh with pinion U.

To govern and control the descent of the tools, (which are very heavy, and therefore require the application of considerable force for the purpose,) we provide a brake to act upon the bull-wheel X. This brake comprises a flexible band 1, preferably of metal, with or without a facing of leather or other suitable material, one end of which is made fast to the cross beam or girder O, as shown in Fig. 3, and the other end of which is attached, as best illustrated in Fig. 5, to a bent or cranked portion of a rock-shaft J. From the rock-shaft J a lever K extends forward to or beyond the front end of the machine in close proximity to the lever H and to another lever L, fulcrumed in a fork or post u and connected at its rear end by a rod or link 0) to the lower end of shifting lever or yoke Y, by which, as above explained, the pinion T is shifted from one to another of its several positions. Lever L moves laterally or in a substantially horizontal plane and is made sufliciently elastic to permit it to be sprung upward to release it from engagement with a notched or toothed rack M on the front crossgirder B preparatory to its being shifted, after which it is allowed to drop or spring into the appropriate notch to hold the parts in the desired adjustment.

Reference has been made above to the beltpulley M, carried by the.shaft J, and from which motion is transmitted by a belt to the wheel 0 on shaft N. If pulley M were permanently secured to or made fast upon shaft J, obviously shaft N would be continuously driven during the operation of the engine, or else some means would need to be provided for shifting the belt or slackening the same to free the shaft N. To enable said shaft to be thrown out of action at any time without stopping the engine, we employ a clutch device M for locking pulley M to shaft J or releasing it therefrom. The construction of the clutch is not involved in the present application and, in fact, is not important, since any well-known type of clutch capable of use in this connection may be employed. A convenient type is that in which friction-shoes are forced outward and pressed and held in contact with the interior face of the wheelrim by toggle-levers or equivalent means.

Such a clutch M is indicated in Fig. 5; but

as the construction is not specifically claimed in the present application detail description is deemed unnecessary.

To actuate and control the clutch, there is provided a collar w, which is splined or otherwise secured to and slid-able upon shaft J and which through suitable connections actuates the clutch by which wheel M is made fast to or is released from the shaft. The collar to is moved by a yoke or shifting-lever N, Fig. 7, fulcrumed on the supporting-bar Z and moved in one or the other direction as required by means of a rock-shaft 0, Figs. 2, 5, and 7 carried in suitable boxes or bearings on the side beams or girders A of the machine-frame and provided at its forward IOC IlC

LIE

IZC

end with an upright hand-lever P and at its rear end with a radial arm 00, which latter is connected by a link y with the lower end'of the shifting-lever or yoke N, these parts be ing clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 7.

The hand-lever P is in close proximity to the other hand-levers H, K, and L at the front of the machine. This arrangement is very desirable for the reason that it enables the attendant of the machine, standing at its front and close to the point of drilling, to control all the movements of the mechanism the walking-beam, the drill-rope drum, the sand pump drum, and the casingrotating drum, as well as the brakes controlling the drums for the drill-rope and sand-pump rope. In order to place the control of the engine its stopping, starting, and rate of action also conveniently in the hands of the same operator or attendant, the steam-supply pipe Q has its throttle-valve R provided with a.

the walking-beam and made adjustable from a position in which the temper-screw, ropeclamp, &c., are directly over the drilling-point to a position out of vertical alinement therewith, so that the machine may be readily adjusted for spudding or for drilling in the usual way through the operation of the walkingbeam. Such cross-beam or temper-screw support is shown in Figs. 1 and 3 and designated by the letter T. It is pivotally attached at one end to one .of the members H of the walking-beam and is connected at the opposite end by a link 6 to the upper end of a handlever U, fulcrumed on one of the beams or side bars of the walking-beam, the lower end of said lever extending down to a point within convenient reach of the attendant at the front of the machine. In this way a single attendant is enabled not only to watch the tools or the drill-rope entering the well to discover what is going on at that point, but from the same position to control each and every part of the mechanism, which is an exceedingly important feature of our improved construction. It enables one attendant to handle the machine with ease and certainty and greatly lessens the expense of operation.

A derrick is employed, as above indicated, to carry the crown-pulley A over which the drill-rope passes, and also a pulley B for the support and guidance of the sand-pump line or rope. The lower end of this derrick is shown in Figs. 1,2, 3, and 4:. It is preferably constructed of I-beams of suitable proportions spread apart somewhat at their lower ends and approaching one an other quite closely at their upper ends, with suitable struts and braces, and, if necessary, provided also with trusses in planes perpendicular to those of said struts and braces. The general construction is shown in Fig. 10.

When the apparatus is set up for use, the side beams of the derrick are bolted to the side sills or girders of the machine-frame, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 7, the lower ends thereof resting upon the platform which is commonly employed at the point of drilling and which is indicated in Fig. 1. The front wheels of the machine are also brought over said platform, but the bearing or support is taken from said wheels, preferably by jackscrews V, in order to prevent vibration or movement of the machine. The feet of the derrick may, if desired, be bolted or otherwise made fast to the platform, and of course any suitable braces may be employed to give stability to the derrick in its elevated position. We have found it convenient to employ heavy wires or light wire ropes for this purpose, carrying them outward to suitable'distances to give the requisite bracing eifect. By thus bolting the derrick to the main frame and resting its feet upon the platform the weight of said derrick is brought directly upon the machine the instant the latter for any reason tends to lift the front wheels from the ground or the platform on which they rest. As the drill-rope passes over the crown-pulley carried by the derrick, it is obvious that no amount of power applied to said rope can lift the machine from its supports, since precisely that same force is applied through the derrick to hold down the machine. In this way we overcome a difficulty which has been experienced where the derrick is independent of the machine and the latter depends solely upon its own weight to withstand a lifting tendency.

Reference has been made above to spudding -that is, raising and lowering the tools by the drill-rope at such time carried over the crown-pulley of the derrick. To effect this raising and lowering of the rope 'Which is during such operation carried about pulleys m and n, as shown in Fig. 3, it is only necessary to oscillate the walking-beam H and to pay out from time to time the amount of rope necessary to provide for the gradual descent of the tools. It will be observed that the pulley m is on one side and pullyn on the other side of the fulcrum-axis of the walkingbeam and that as a consequence the rocking or oscillation of the walking-beam simultane ously carries one pulley up and the other down and reverses their motions. The amount of movement thus given to the tools will be dependent upon the distances from the fulcrum to the respective pulleys m and n, and by adjusting said pulleys the play may be varied as desired within somewhat wide limits and Without the necessity of varying the throw of the walking-beam as a whole. It is therefore found advantageous to make the boxes or bearings for the shafts 7c and Z ad- .justable upon the walking-beam, which may be effected in any suitable way, as by providing a series of bolt-holes and removable fastening-bolts for the boxes or bearings by arranging them to slide upon the flanges of the walking-beam members and be held or clamped in any suitable way or the like. The series of bolt-holes is indicated-in Fig. 3,as also a slotted web and clamping-bolts. In addition to this mode of varying the stroke is that of altering the effective throw of the cranks '7) of shaft N by setting their crank-pins nearer to or farther from the axis of said shaft.

The construction of the drum V is illustrated in Fig. 6 and is a matter of some practical importance. As there shown, shaft WV has a middle portion of larger diameter than its end portions, the latter being of two slightly-different diameters. The outer extremities constitute the journals of the shaft, and the portions lying between the journals and the middle section of the shaft are screw-threaded to receive the correspondingly-threaded hubs of gear-wheel U and bull-wheel X, respectively. These wheels are screwed upon shaft W until their hubs abut against the shoulders formed by the junction of the threaded portions and the larger middle portion of the shaft. To

7 prevent the wheels from becoming loose or unscrewed, key-seats are cut in the shaft and wheel-hubs, respectively, and keys 0 are driven in to hold the parts firmly against relative movement. The inner ends of the wheel-hubs are turned to true cylindrical form and are of a diameter to fit accurately within a hollow cylinder which constitutes the body of the drum V. This cylinder may be made of iron pipe cut to the precise length necessary toreach from the spokes of one wheel to those of the other, as shown in Fig. 6,, and is made fast to the hubs in any convenient way to guard effectually against slipping thereon. This may be done by means of bolts or rivets or by means of alternate projections and recesses in the ends of the cylinder or drum and the wheel-hubs. The construction is simple and strong and withal very eflicient.

It has been explained that the rear shaft N is carried in bearings adjustable toward and from those of the main engine-shaft J for the purpose of taking up slack or stretch of the driving-belt W, which connects belt-pulley M and belt-wheel O. The construction and. arrangement of these hearings is illustrated in Fig. 9, which shows one of the duplicate bearings in which shaft N is carried. X indicates a block or casting firmly bolted to the flanges of the side sill A and which is pro,- vided with a lug or'upright projection CZ", tapped to receive an adjusting screw or bolt 6', which in turn bears against the end of an adjustable pillow-block Y, in which is carried one of the journals of shaft N. The pillowblockY is formed with horizontal extensions f, which are longitudinally slotted to permit the passage through them of bolts 6, which serve at once to guide the block in its move ments and when the ,bolts or their nuts are screwed down upon the extensions f to tighten and hold the pillow-block in its desired adjustment. The screws 0 afford the necessary pressure to move the blocks Y and apply the requisite tension to the belt, which tension is necessarily considerable.

The main drill-rope Z is after the tools have passed below the surface, or nearly so, clamped in a divided rope-clamp it, carried by the temper-screw d, which passes through a. separable two-part nut j, carried by the usuaf reins is, hung in or from the cross-head or beam T. This mechanism is not new and constitutes no part of the present invention, but is referred to for clearness of understanding.

The weight of the temper-screw and ropeclamp is counterbalanced by a weight Z, carried bya rope passing about suitable guidepulleys and attached at one end to a swivel on the upper end of the temper-screw. This enables the operator to raise or lowerqthetemper-screw within wide limits without thedelay of turning it in the supporting-nut The derrick is detached. from the machinefor transportation, though it may be carried upon the frame thereof. The apparatus may be made capable of self-propulsion, as has heretofore been done in structures of this class. vIn setting up the machinefo-r use it is brought to a position wherethe cross head or beam T" stands directly over the intended point of drilling and is there anchored or made fast in any convenient or practicable way. Depressions are then made at the points. where the 5 feet of the derrick are to rest. A pulleyblock is made fast to the derrick at a point. about a quarter or a third of the way from itsupper end, and the drill-rope is carried from the drill-rope drum upward over the rear pulley n, outwardaround the sheave or pulley A, secured to the derrick, and thence back overthe cross shafts or ties I and i to the rear portion of the machine, where it ismade fast. The engine is then set to work, and winding the drill-rope. about the drum V gradually draws the derrick to. an upright, osition, the feet of the derrick resting in the epressions made forthat purpose and being; thu p te f om slipping backward. G y ropes. or wires. are of course, made use of to) steady the derrick in its upward movement. and to secure the same when in its desired posi ti0,n. This, we find in every way preferable to attempting to pivotally support the derrick on the machine. and swing it upon said pivots from its. approximately horizontal to. its ver tical or substantially vertical position.

Various modifications in the details and ar rangeme'nts of parts may be made without departing at allfrom the spirit or scope of our invention, though we have shown and described that embodiment of the same which we deem best and which practical use has demonstrated to be admirably suited to the work for which the machines are intended.

Shaft W is carried in suitable boxes or bearings, one of which is bolted to and supported upon a side beam or girder A, While the other is carried upon a bracket bolted to the opposite side beam or girder and projecting inward therefrom, as shown in Fig. 6.

The derrick after being brought to its upright position is raised until its feet rest upon the platform or support on which the forward wheels of the machine bear previous to the application of the jacks, and the holes drilled through the derrick-beams being brought into alinement with corresponding holes in the side beams or girders of the main frame of the machine bolts are passed through to tie the parts together, as before explained.

The brake bands or straps are, as indicated,

each provided with a threaded end piece in the form of a bolt, which, passing through a suit able bracket or through the beam (land being provided with nuts on opposite sides thereof, affords means for shortening or tightening the band or adjusting the same to its wheel. The location of pulleys m and n, respectively, in advance and in rear of the fulcrum of the walking-beam is a feature of peculiar importance, and this whether they or either of them be adjustable or fixed relatively to said fulcrum. The special advantage gained is the relatively quick and long movement given the tools in spudding without requiring a correspondingly quick or long throw to the walking-beam. This effect is dueto the fact that as pulley n descends it approaches the drill-rope drum, thus shortening the distance between the pulley and drum and delivering to and around pulley m a length of rope equal to that difference in distance, while the rise of pulley m not only lets the rope as a whole rise, but by coming more nearly into line with the crown-pulley and pulley n it further shortens ,the distance between said crown-pulley and pulley '22 and gives greater length of rope to the tools, letting them fall with a clean sharp blow. Conversely, the ascent is quick and extended by reason of a reverse action. We mean to claim this feature broadly.

It is of course to be understood that instead of pulleys m and 27, any other suitable ropeguides may be employed, the pulleys being provided simply to reduce the frictional wear and give easier action. The claims are to be with an engine, andits shaft J; shaft W provided with gear Uand drum V; shaft Q provided with drum R and gear S; shaft N provided with belt-wheel O; belt-pulley M loosely mounted upon shaft J; belt W" connecting belt-pulley M with belt-pulley O; pinion T slidable on but splined to shaft J and adapted to be thrown into mesh with either gear at will or out of mesh with both; and a clutch carried by shaft J and serving to lock the belt-pulley M to or release it from the shaftJ at will.

2. In a drilling-machine, in combination with an engine, and its shaft J; shaft W pro vided with pinion U and drum V; shaft N provided with belt-wheel O; belt-pulley M loosely mounted upon shaft J; belt VV' connecting belt-pulley M with belt-wheel 0; pinion T slidable on but splined to shaft J and adapted to be thrown into and out of mesh with pinion U; and a clutch M carried by shaft J, serving to lock the belt-pulley M to or release it from the shaft J at will.

3. In combination with a drilling-machine, comprising a main frame, an engine, a walk ing-beam, a drill-rope drum; a sand-pumprope drum, a casingrotating drum, and

brakes for the drill-rope and sand-pump-rope drums; levers H, K, L and P, serving to control the movements of the walking-beam, drill-rope drum, sand-pump-rope drum, and casing-rotating drum, all brought into close proximity at the forward end of the machine, whereby the driller without leaving his drilling position is enabled to manipulate said levers and control the several mechanisms, as set forth.

4. In a drilling-machine, the combination of a main "frame; a walking-beam or oscillating frame fulcrumed thereon; means for oscillating said beam; two pulleys carried by said beam, one in advance and the other in rear of its fulcrum; and a drill-rope passing over the rear pulley and under the forward pulley; whereby the rope is adapted to be drawn down and again allowed to ascend in advance of the walking-beam fulcrum, and to be paid out or reeled in as required by the descent of the drill or in elevating the same and withdrawing it from the well. A

5. In a drilling-machine, the combination of a suitable frame; a walking-beam fulcrumed thereon; and two sheaves or pulleys located one in advance and the other in rear of the fulcrum and adjustable relatively thereto; whereby the movements of the rope and tools may be varied at will.

6. In a drilling-machine, a walking-beam comprising two pivoted beams H, H, connected and spaced by cross-ties Zc, Z, provided with sheaves or pulleys m, n.

7. In a drilling-machine, the combination of a suitable frame, a mast or derrick provided with an elevated sheave; a walkingbeam or oscillating member fulcrumed in the frame; two rope-guides carried by said walking-beam or oscillating member, and located one in advance and the other in rear of its fulcrum; and a rope or cable passing over the rear rope-guide, beneath the forward ropeguide, over the elevated sheave, and thence downward to receive the drilling-tools.

8. In a drilling-machine, the combination of a suitable frame; a walking-beam or oscillating member fulcrumed thereon; two ropeguides carried by said walking-beam or oscillating member, and located one in advance and the other in rear of its fulcrum; and means, substantially as described, for varying the relative distances of said ropeguides from the fulcrum of the walking-beam.

'9. In a drilling-machine, the combination of an engine, and an engine-shaftadapted to be continuously driven thereby; a pulley loosely mounted upon said shaft; a clutch for locking said pulley to its shaft; a walking-beam; a second shaft parallel with the engine-shaft and provided with a band-wheel; a belt passing about said band-wheel and about the pulley on the engine shaft; two independent drums mounted in the frame of the machine and each provided wit-h a gear-wheel; and a pinion carried by the engine-shaft and adapted to be moved at will to a position where it shall mesh with one or the other of said gearwheels or to a position where it shall cease to mesh with either gear-wheel, substantially as set forth.

10. In a drilling-machine, the combination with a suitable frame and derrick provided with a crown-sheave, of a walkingbeam,

sheaves secured to the walking-beam on either side of the fulcrum and moving with the walking-beam, and a flexible connection passing over the crown-sheave, thence beneath one sheave on the walking beam and over the other sheave on the walking-beam, a windingdrum to which the flexible connection extends directly from the walking-beam, and means for oscillating the walking-beam.

11. In a drilling-machine, the combination of a suitable frame and derrick provided with a crown-wheel; a walking-beam; sheaves carried by the walking-beam on opposite sides of its fulcrum and movable with the walkingbeam; and a flexible cable passing over the crown-wheel, and under one and over the other of the sheaves on the walking-beam; a winding-drum to which the cable extends from the walking-beam; and means for oscillating the walking-beam.

12. In a drilling-machine, the combination of a suitable frame, and a derrick provided with a crown-wheel; a walking-beam; sheaves on opposite sides of its fulcrum and movable with the walking-beam; and a flexible cable passing directly from the drilling-tools to and over the crown-wheel, and thence under one and over the other of the sheaves of the walking-beam.

13. In a drilling-machine, the combination of a suitable frame, and a derrick provided with a crown-wheel; a walking-beam; a fulcrum for said walking-beam, supported at both sides of said beam; two sheaves carried by and movable with said beam, one in advance and the other in the rear of its fulcrum, and both between the end supports or journals of the beam-fulcrum; and a flexible cable passing from the tools directly to and over the crown-wheel, under one sheave of the walking-beam and over the other sheave thereof.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HARVEY S. GLENN. (JOULTER E. GLENN. Witnesses:

O. W. SMITH, F. L. ENGLISH.