US802903A - Building-block and wall construction. - Google Patents

Description

BUILDING BLOCK AND WALL CONSTRUCTION.

APPLIUATION FILED 0014,1904.

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No. 802,903. PATENTED OCT. 24, 1905. Z. ANDERSON.

BUILDING BLOCK AND WALL CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED 0014,1904.

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/NVENTOR. dmwo duJ M ZAOHARIAS ANDERSON, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESQTA.

BUILDING-BLOCK AND WALL CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 24, 1905.

Application filed October 4, 1904. Serial No. 227,113.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ZACHARIAS ANDERSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Building-Blocks and Wall Construction; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to building-blocks and wall construction. and has for its object the production of hollow walls of brick or artificial stone or the like in which the air-space in the wall shall be approximately continuous and the opposing faces of the wall non-contacting and in which a minimum of material is required and comparative great strength obtained.

It also consists in the production of build ing-blocks adapted to form a thick wall or a comparatively thin wall without a materiallyweakening increase of the width of the airspalpe between the reinforced portions of the wa I/Vith these and other objects in view it consists of the constructions, combinations, and arrangements of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is .a perspective view of a portion of a wall comprising assembled blocks and embodying my said invention. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of an inside corner-block forming part of said wall and included in my said invention. spective view of an outside corner-block forming part of said wall and included in said invention. Fig. I is a plan view of an inside runner-block forming part of said wall and included in said invention. Fig. 5 is a plan view of an outside runner-block forming part of said wall and included in said invention. Fig. 6 is a plan view of a portion of a modified form of said wall constructed of said blocks. Fig. 7 is a plan view of a modified form of wall constructed of said outside blocks and adapted for use as a veneering for a frame building. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a modified form of said wall constructed of modified forms of said inside and outside blocks. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a modified form of said inside corner-block. Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a modified form of said outside corner-block. Fig. 11 is a plan view of a modified form of said inside runner-block. Fig. 12 is a plan view of a modified form of said Fig. 3 is a peroutside runner-block. Fig. 13 is a modified form of wall constructed with the modified forms of blocks shown in Figs. 9, 10, 11, and 12. Fig. 14 is a perspective view of a bonding-iron for anchoring the inside and outside blocks of side walls together.

In the drawings, 1 is the web of an inside corner-block upon one face of which are formed tenon- shaped ribs 2, 3, 4, and 5, which ribs 2 and 3 are adapted, if desired, to project into corresponding recesses 6 and 7, formed between tenon- shaped ribs 8, 9, and 10, extending from the opposing face of an outside runner-block 11, and which ribs 4: and 5 are adapted, if desired, to extend into corresponding recesses 12 and 13, respectively, formed between tenon- shaped ribs 1a, 15, and 16, extending from the opposing face of an outside corner-block 16. The ribs formed upon said outside blocks will, it is obvious, in such case extend into the recesses formed between the ribs of said inside corner-block. The recesses for receiving said ribs are made considerably wider than said ribs, and in assembling the blocks the inner and outer blocks are not brought into contact with each other. A zigzag' continuous air-space 17 is thus provided inside of the wall throughout the area thereof, as shown in Fig. 1. Said ribs are, as is obvious, adapted to operate as piers to carry the weight of the building. In case of a crack or other aperture in the wall said piers will operate as baffling-plates to interrupt the draft around the building in the walls thereof. While I do not broadly claim to be the first to invent a continuous air-space in the walls of a building, I regard my arrangement and result as being patentabl y novel and useful. In order to more effectually secure said inner and outer walls together, I provide in the upperface of each block a groove 18, extending longitudinally of said blocks, which grooves in transversely opposite blocks are adapted to receive the hook ends of bonding-irons 19, which irons are placed in any suitable and desired points in said walls. Said groove 18 preferably connects at each end of the block with avertical groove 20, which vertical groove registers with a corresponding groove in the longitudinally-adjoining block. Into said vertical groove is tamped cement mortar as each course of the wall is completed, so that the respective stones will when the wall is completed be well keyed together. The longitudinal grooves are also filled with mortar, and mortar is spread over the upper face of each block flush with IIO or above the bonding-irons to cement the stone of the next course. The inside and outside corner-blocks are made in rights and lefts, and to break joints between one course and the next a right-hand corner-block is laid upon a left-hand block, or vice versa.

21 is an inside runner-block, upon one face of which is formed the ribs 22 and 23, between which is the recess 24. The ends of said block extend beyond the ribs and are adapted to cooperate with similar ends on longitudinallyadjoining blocks to form the back walls of recesses similar to said recess 24. In order to break joints between the courses of runnerblocks, the end of one runner-block is laid on the center of the runner-block in the next course below.

If it is desired to make a wide wall, as in case of a basement, the inside blocks and outside blocks are not meshed with each other,

but are positioned so that the ribs of the inside blocks shall oppose but not contact with the ribs of the outside blocks. Thus a wide and strong wall may be formed of blocks similar to those used in narrow walls without the necessity of changing molds, and a continuous air-space is provided to prevent the transmission of frost or damp to the inner portion of the wall. In Figs. 8, 9, 10. 11, 12, and 13 I show modified forms of said wall construction and blocks for constructing the same which differ from the walls and blocks already particularly described principally in the shape of the ribs and recesses of said blocks, while their principle and operation is substantially or approximately the same. A detailed description of said modified forms shown in said figures therefore seems unnecessary, as the drawings speak for themselves.

In Fig. 7 I show a modified form of wall in which only my outside blocks are used to veneer a frame building. In such case either the form of outside blocks shown in Fig. 7 or the form of outside blocks shown in Fig. 13 may be used, but preferably those shown in Fig. 7.

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

1. A wall construction comprising inside and outside blocks having tenon-shaped ribs formed upon their opposing faces, the spaces between the ribs being adapted to receive the corresponding ribs of the opposite blocks without contacting with the sides thereof, the corner-rib of the inside corner-block increasing in width from its base to a line intermediate of its base and its extreme end, and diminishing in width from said line to said end.

2. A wall construction formed of blocks having ribs formed on their opposing faces and spaced transversely apart from each other to form an air-passage extending throughout the whole area of said wall inside of the same, said blocks being provided with grooves or recesses in their upper faces to receive the hooked ends of bonding-irons, bonding-irons for securing said inside and outside blocks together, said blocks having vertical grooves-in their ends to receive mortar, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ZACHARIAS ANDERSON.

Witnesses:

J AMES T. WA'rsoN, WVELLINGTON M. BLEWETT.

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