US802373A - Magneto dynamo-electric machine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 802,373. PATENTED 00T. 24, 1905.

. E. B. CUTTEN.

MAGNET() DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHNE.

APPLIATION PILED MAY 29, 1903.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

PATENTBD CCT. 24, 1905.

E. B. CUTTEN.

MAGNETO DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 29, 1903.

3 SHEETS-SHEBT 2.

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PATENTEI) OCT. 24, 1905.

E. B. CU'I'IEN.

MAGNET() DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

' APPLICATION FILED MAY 29, 1903x 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELISHA B. OUTTEN, OF BUTTE, MONTANA, ASSIGNOR TO ROBERT BOSCH, OF STUTTGART, GERMANY.

IVIAGNETO DYNAMIC-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 8L2,373.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 24, 1905.

To all 'Ln/11mm Yt www concern:

Be it kno wn that I. ELIsHA B. OUTTEN, aciti- Zen of the United States. and a resident of the city of Butte, county of Silverbow, State of Montana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magneto Dynamo-Electric Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The particular object of my invention is to provide a megneto-electric machine capable of yielding powerful jump-sparks especially designed for igniting explosive gaseous mixtures, such as hydrocarbon gas or vapor mixed with air, as used in gas and naphtha engines; but, as will be apparent, the current generated by the machine herein described may be advantageously used for a variety of purposes. The novelty of the apparatus whereby l attain this object resides principally in the use of a double-wound armature, preferably of the type known as the H-arrnature, having a high-resistance secondary coil, in the circuit of which are located the desired discharging devices, such as points between which a spark is to be passed and a primary coil of very low resistance, the circuit of which is adapted to be closed through a circuit-interrupting device which operates-for example, in a bipolar machine having an H-armature-to interrupt the primary circuit twice in each rotation of the armature, the time at which the interruptions take place relative to the position of the armature and the duration of the interruptions being variable according to the current pulsations required to produce the desired length', intensity, and duration of spark. As to the time at which the interruptions take place the desired results can onlybe produced by effecting each break at a point in the rotation of the armature when it has passed its medial position between the poles of the field and has entered well into the pole following the one from which it is receding, the exact point being variable and determined according to the particular spark effect which it is desired to produce. The farther the armature has receded (to a certain extent) from its medial position when the interruption is made the longer the spark that may be produced. As to the duration of each interruption this may Vary in different machines to correspond to the time required for the rotating armature to travel through for about one degree to twenty degrees of its circle of rotation, ac-

cording to the efciency of the circuit-interrupting means employed and nature of the pulsations required to give the desired spark efl'ect. Positive and rapid interruptions andv reclosing of the primary circuit with minimum sparking at the brushes are essential to the highest efficiency of the apparatus, which under the best operative conditions may produce in the secondary circuit a spark the jumping power or voltage of which may exceed twenty times that now attainable in the well-known magneto used for magnetic callbells under equal conditions.

A small machine constructed according to my invention will yield without a condenser a spark of sufficient power for igniting explosive mixtures, for which purpose a strong RuhmkorifI coil with condenser is now commonly used.

My invention also embraces novel features of construction other than those above referred to, all of which will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrating one of the many possible embodiments of the invention.

In said drawings, Figure 1 is aperspective view. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view on lines 2 2 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional View through the magnet. Fig. 4E is a diagrammatic view illustrating the circuit connections of the primary and secondary coils of the magnet. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of the interrupter in the primary circuit. Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view th rough said interrupter, and Fig.7 a diagrammatic view illustrating the relative positions of the armature and interrupting device at the instant a break is about to be made in the primary circuit. Figs. 8 and 9 are detail views.

A is the base upon which the machine is mounted.

B is a brass plate resting on base A.

C is a trough-like metallic frame, preferably of cast-iron, having on its interior the two oppositely-arranged magnetic poles D and E, said poles having concave faces. The extremities of a plurality of inverted horseshoe magnets F, arranged side by side, rest against the bottom plate of frame C between four outwardly-projecting anges c on said frame. Bars c2 c2, secured to iianges c', press against the magnets F at opposite sides of the machine and act to removably hold the TOO same firmly in place. The trough-like'frame is closed at opposite ends by brass plates Gr and H, respectively, which plates carry bearings for the opposite ends of an armatureshaft K. The bearings are provided with oil-cups g and t, respectively. The power for rotating the shaft is communicated thereto through pulley L.

N is an H-armature secured on shaft K between the poles D and E.

a a are two segment-shaped insulating'- blocks, preferably of hard rubber, secured to one end of the armature, and a' a' are similar blocks secured tc the other end of the armature. These blocks are secured in place by rods a3 a3 passing longitudinally through the armature.

1 is a low-resistance primary coil wound on armature N, connected at one end 2 to the metal of the armature from whence the circuit is completed through the shaft K, plate Gr, frame C, binding post 3, conductor 4 to one terminal 5 of the circuit-closing device 6. From the other terminal 7 ofthe circuit-closing device the circuit continues through conductor8 to binding-post 9, which is mounted on but insulated from the frame C, through conductor 29 to the outermost brush of the circuit -interrupting device, which will be more fully explained hereinafter. The other end 3 of the primary coil Vis connected to the innermost conductor-ring ofI the circuitinterrupter. rlhe primary winding on the armature is covered by insulation 0, Fig. 3. A secondary coil 10, wound on the armature over this insulation, is connected at its end 11 to the metallic disk 12 (through parts hereinafter mentioned) and at its other end 13 to l the metallic disk 14, (through parts hereinafter mentioned.) The secondary circuit is continued from disk 12 through a brush 15 and conductor 16 to one of the sparking-points 17 and from the other disk 14 through a brush 18 and conductor 19 to the other sparking-point 20. Metallic disks 12 and 14 are mounted on shaft K, so as to rotate in unison therewith, but are insulated therefrom. These disks are insulated from each other and from the armature and other parts of the machine by hard-rubber plates 2l, 22, and 23.

P P are insulating-blocks secured, respectively, to opposite side of the frame C, as clearly shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 9. A hollow insulating-plug p projects through each block and through an insulating-sleeve c", `fitting in an opening in frame C, as clearly shown in Fig. 9. A conductor-rod fr is adjustably held in an opening through plug p by a set-screw r2. The rods fm' carry at their inner ends the brushes 15 and 18, respectively, heretofore referred to. A flat spring s, pressing outwardly against the head of set-screw r2, is held in place by binding-posts z5 t on the blocks P P, respectively. It will thus be seen that the circuit from the brush 15 to conductor 16 passes through rod 7, set-screw frz, spring s, and binding-post t on one block P and that the circuit from brush 18 to conductor 19 passes through rod fr, set-screw fr, spring s, and binding-post z5' on the other block, although these minor parts are not shown in Fig. 4, which shows the conductors 16 and 19 as connected directly with the brushes.

Returning now to the description of theinterrupter in the primary circuit, V is a cylinder, of insulating material, mounted on one end of the shaft K between the armature and plate G. On this cylinder are mounted three metallic conductor-rings o fu e, each having' two lateral recesses at equidistant points on its circumference for receiving insulatingplates a, as clearly shown in Figs. and 6.

Y is a lever having a ring y", Fig. 8, at its inner end engaging about and adapted to turn on a bushing y" on the inner side of plate Gr. Abutments y y limit the movement, and setscrews 1/7, passing through ring 1/i and bearingl against bushing 1/5, serve to iix thel position of the lever. A bracket 1/2, of insulating material, is secured to lever Y, so as to overhang the conductor-rings fr; e' of.

.a e .e2 are metallic arms secured at one end to the under side of bracket 51/2 by screws 1/3. Arm e2 has therethrough a rectangular opening in which the similarly-shaped stem u of a contact-shoe a is adapted to slide when it is desired to adjust the position of said shoe by turning screw u2. Arms and e each carry two contact-shoes with adjusting mechanism such as just described. As already explained, conductor 29 is connected with the outermost shoe fad. This connection is made through metallic arm e2, (see Fig. 5,) on which the parts for supporting and adjusting the shoe are mounted, and, as already explained, the end 3 of the primary coil is connected to the conductor-ring. (See Fig. 4.)

By simultaneously breaking the primary circuit at a plurality of points, as at the three shoes u', the desired interruption is effected with minimum arc formation and sparking at the interrupter. This is of the greatestv importance for the reason that the arc formed at the interrupter detracts just so much from the strength and efficiency of this discharge through the secondary circuit.

The following is given as an example of the relative lengths and carrying capacity of the primary and secondary coils: primary coil, from ten to thirty feet of No. 14 to No. 20 Brown & Sharpe gage-wire; secondary coil, from two thousand to three thousand feet of No. 34 to No. 36 or finer Brown & Sharpe gage-wire. Great care should be taken to thoroughly insulate the coils from each other.

As illustrated, for example, in Fig. 7, the

interrupter should be so adjusted as to effect each interruption in the primary circuit at a time when the armature has passed its medial position between the poles and has entered IOO Well into the pole succeeding that from which it is receding. In my apparatus the eifect of the primary circuit is to retard the mag'netic effect of the field on the armature, so as to allow an. almost instantaneous change of polarity in the armature. The exact point at which this primary circuit is opened after the armature is well into the opposing polepieces is regulated by loosening the set-screws yl and moving lever Y) according to the low resistance and large carrying capacity of the primary circuit, duration of each interruption of the circuit, and speed at which armature is driven.

I claim as my inventionj l. In a magneto or dynamo electric machine,an armature having a primary and a secondary coil wound thereon, a sparking' device in the circuit of the secondary coil, and a circuit-interrupting device in the circuit of the primary coil.

2. In a magneto or dynamo electric machine, an armature having' a primary and a secondary coil wound thereon, a sparking device in the circuit of the secondary coil, and a circuit-interrupting device in the circuit or' the primary coil and adapted to be operated automatically to break the primary circuit at predetermined intervals.

3. In a magneto or dynamo electric machine, an armature having a primary and a secondary coil wound thereon, a sparking device in the circuit of the secondary coil, an automaticallyoperated circuit-interrupting device in the circuit of the primary coil adapted to interrupt the primary circuit at predetermined intervals and means for adjusting the circuitinterrupting device to vary the time of interru ption according to the position of the armat'ure in the field.

4. In a mag'neto or dynamo electric machine, an armature having a primary and a secondary coil wound thereon, a sparking device in the circuit of the secondary coil, and an automatically-operating circuit-interrupting' device in the circuit ofthe primary coil adapted to simultaneously interrupt the primary circuit at a plurality of points at predetermined intervals.

5. In a magneto or dynamo electric machine, an armature having' a primary and a secondary coil Wound thereon, a sparking device in the circuit o't' the secondary coil, an automaticallyoperating `circuit-interrupting device in the circuit of the primary coiladapted to simultaneously interrupt the primary circuit at a plurality of points at predetermined intervals, and means for adjusting the circuitinterrupter to vary the time of interrupting the primary circuit according to the position of the armature in the field.

6. In a magneto or dynamo electric machine, an armature a primary coil wound thereon, a secondary coil Wound on the armature over the primary coil, a sparking device in the circuit of the secondary coil, and an automatically-operating' circuit-interrupting' device inthe circuit olil the primary coil adapted to interrupt said circuit at predetermined intervals.

7. In a magneto or dynamo electric machine, an armature a primary coil wound thereon, a secondary coil wound on the armature over the primary coil, a sparking' device in the circuit of the secondary coil, and an automatically-operating circuit-interrupting dcvice in the circuit ot' the primary coil adapted to interrupt said circuit at predetermined intervals, said device having a plurality of brushes in series in the circuit, and means for separately adjusting' the brushes relative to each other.

8. In a magneto or dynamo electric machine, an armature, a primary coil wound thereon, a secondary coil Wound on the armature over the primary coil, a sparking device in the circuit oi: the secondary coil` and an automatically-operating' circuit-interrupting device in the circuit of the primary coil adapted to interrupt said circuit at predetermined intervals, said device having a plurality of brushes in series in the circuit; means for separately adjusting' the brushes relative to each other` and means 'for simultaneously adjusting' the position ot' all ot' the brushes to vary the time ot' interrupting' the primarycircuit according to the position of the armature in the iield.

9. In a magneto or dynamo electric machine, an armature, a primary coil wound thereon, a secondary coil wound on the armature over the primary coil, a sparking' device in the circuit of the secondary coil, and an automaticallyoperating circuit-interrupting device in the circuit ot' the primary coil adapted to interrupt said circuit at predetermined intervals and comprising' a part rotatable with the armature and having' one or more insulating-sections in its surface and a contact device bearing against said part.

l0. In a magneto or dynamo electric machine, an armature,a primary coilwo und thereon, a secondary coil Wound on the armature over the primary coil, a sparking' device in the circuit of the secondary coil, and an automatically-operating circuit-interrupting device in the circuit of the primary coil adapted to simultaneously interrupt said circuit at a plurality of points at predetermined intervals, said interrupting device comprising a plurality of conductive surfaces rotatable With the armature and each having one or more insulating-sections inserted therein,and a plurality of stationary brushes bearing' against said conductive surfaces.

1I. In a magneto or dynamo electric machine,an armature,a primary coil Wound thereon, a secondary coil Wound on the armature over the primary coil, a sparking' device in the circuit of the secondary coil, and an automatically-operating ciremt-interrupting de- IOO vice in the circuit of the primary coil adapted to simultaneously interrupt said circuit at a plurality of points at predetermined intervals, said interrupting device comprising a` plurality of conductive surfaces rotatable with the armature and each having one or'more insulating-sections inserted therein, a plurality of stationary brushes bearing against said conductive surface, means for separately adjusting each brush, and independent means for collectively adjusting all of the brushes.

l2. In an ignition device for explosion-engines, the combination, with a generator having an armature-winding, a second Winding in inductive relation thereto, a pair of sparkelectrodes, and a circuit in which said electrodes and the second Winding are included, of a short circuit in which the armature-Windings are included, and means for opening and closing said short circuit.

13. In an ignition device for explosion-engines, the combination, with a generator having a revoluble armature provided with two windings in inductive relation to each other,

of a pair ol' spark-electrodes, acircuit in which said electrodes and one of the armature-windings are included, ashort circuit in which the other armature-Winding is included,and m 'ams operating synchronously With the revoluble armature of the generator and serving to open and close the short circuit.

14. In an ignition device 'for cxliilosion-engines, the combination with a generator having an armature-Windiug, a secondary winding in inductive relation thereto, a pair ol spark-electrodes, and a circuit in which said spark-electrodes and the secondary winding are included, and a circuit-interrupting device in the circuit of the primary coil and adapted to be operated automatically to break the primary circuit at predetermined intervals.

In testimony whereof l have hereunto subscribed my name.

ELIS HA B. UUTTEN.

Witnesses:

A. O. WINcHusTuR, JOHN H. NEIUDS.

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