US784976A - Steam-boiler. - Google Patents

Description

No. 784,976. PATENTED MAR. 14, 1905.

G. H. BLOWERS.'

STEAM BOIL'ER.

APPLICATION FILED 0012.27, 1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

liti! loo PATENTBD MAR. 14, 1905.

G. E. BLOWERS. STEAM BOILER.

APPLIcATIoN FILED oma?. 190s.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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UNITED STATES Patented March 14, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 784,976, dated March 14, 1905.

Application filed October 27, 1903. Serial No. 178.747.

To @ZZ whom, it 71mg/ concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. BLowERs, a citizen of the United States, residing at San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to apparatus for the utilization of the waste gases or products of combustion which are ordinarily discharged into the open air and lost after they have accomplished their work in generatingsteam in a boiler. It is particularly applicable to those steam plants, very numerous in large cities, in which there is always kept on hand an idle boiler for emergency purposes, for my invention can be installed in these plants at very small outlay.

In my device I pass the hot gases after they have completed their usual work under the boiler and through generating steam and are about to be expelled. into the open air into the furnace of the auxiliary boiler in the same manner as they passed through or under the original boiler, where additional heat is extracted by the water in this auxiliary boiler. rIhey then pass into the open air. The hot water in this auxiliary and otherwise idle boiler is then used as feed-water for the original boiler in the mannerhereinafter described.

I have shown my invention as applied to an oil-burning plant and to the ordinary form of return tubular boiler; but it can be applied to any type of steam-generators using' other kinds of fuel.

An embodiment of my invention is shown in the accompanying drawings and is hereinafter described.

Figure l shows a front elevation of the ordinary two-boiler steam plant in which one boiler is ordinarily idle. Fig. 2 shows a side elevation of the same plant.

A A' are two boilers arranged to discharge through one common stack C.

B B' are dampers in the breeching K K' of the boilers, leading' from the boiler-fines to the smoke-stack.

E E' are the steam-drums, and a a' are the pipes constituting the feed-Water system.

b c c' e e' ff' are valves for the directing' of the water-current.

D is avalve or damper revoluble on a center O and placed in the flues, connecting the breeching of each boiler with the furnace of the others.

S S' are the oil-burners for injecting-,oil into the furnace of each boiler when it is used as a steam-generator. while L L' III M' are the usual furnace-doors, into two of which, M M', the iiues X X' are litted.

H is adeflecting-plate, Fig. 2, placed in the furnace of the boiler being used as a waterheater to deflect the hot gases against the boiler.

In the drawings shown the boiler A is being used in the usual mode as a steam-generator with the usual type of oil-burner installed, and the boiler A' is being utilized as a feed-water heater. All the fire in the plant is under boiler A. In the plant shown the damper B is closed, and B' is open to the passage of the hot products of combustion. The damper D closes the flue X' and opens Hue X. The operation of the heating device is then as follows: The oil entering through the burner S is burned under boiler A. The hot gases generated pass, as usual, under the boiler to its rear and then back through its tubes to the breeching K. Here it is intercepted by the damper B and taken down through the fiue X by the force of the draft past damper l), through door M', and into furnace of boiler A', now beingl utilized as a feed-water heater. On passing into this furnace it is deflected toward the boiler by the deiiecting-plate H (see Fig. 2) and passing to the rear returns through the tubes of the boiler to the front of boiler A' to the breeching K', from whence it passes through the damper B', Fig. l, (which is open,) into the smoke-stack and thence into the open air. In its passage through the furnace and tubes of boiler A' a great quantity of heat is absorbed from it by the water in the boiler A'vheat that otherwise would have been lost on leaving` boiler A. The natural draft of the stack is ordinarily suflicient to keep the products of combustion moving sufliciently fast; but in the event that it is necessary to force the draft any other various means, as by fan, jet of steam, or other devices, may be employed. rlhis may become necessary should the waste gases be passed through more than the one water -heating boiler successively. In the water-supply system shown valves e L c are open. Valves 15 t are check-valves, set so that water may pass into the boilers, but not from them. The feed- Water from the force-pump passes into the supply-pipe at '1' and following the direction of the arrow passes e', is intercepted by c', and then passes through the check-valve t into the bottom of the boiler A. As it becomes heated it rises to the top and passes out of the boiler A at and flowing in the direction of the arrow, passing` valve c and checkvalve t, enters boiler A, whence it is converted into steam. rIhe force of the feed-pump keeps the water in circulation. If it is desired to reverse the functions of the two boilers A A, it can be done very rapidly. Shut ofl' the lire, remove the defieeting-plate H, Fig. 2, from the furnace of boiler A and place it similarly in the furnace of boiler A, and blow off suii'icient water from boiler A to give ample steamspace. It will now be found that boiler A will already have from thirty to forty pounds of steam. Close dampers B and close flue X by turning damper D on its axis O, thus opening flue X. Open damper B, close valves e 2) c, and open valves c 7) e. New light the oilburncr S, and the combustion takes place under boiler A, now used as a steam-generator, and the waste gases pass out and under boiler A, now used as a feed-water heater, in the reverse direction from which it ran when the boiler' A was used as the water-heater. Likewise the course of the water will now be iirst to the bottom of boiler A and thence out of the top of boiler A to the bottom of boiler A, whence it becomes steam.

T he advantages of this construction are manifold. The feed-water is supplied to the boiler at a temperature far above what it would otherwise be---usually far above the boilingpoint. This bears far-reaching results-fviz., a great economy in fuel, greatly-increased efficiency of the boiler and less necessity of forcing it, a decreased repair bill, and in case of'breakdown of the boiler there is not only hot water in the auxiliary boiler, but always from thirty to [ifty pounds of steam on blowing ofi enough water to make steam-space, and other advantages suggested by the necessities of the individual plantuand this construction is often possible at a small expense and without the necessity of the installation of expensive economizers that cost as much as thc boilers themselves, and it does not in any way impair the efficiency of the boilers or their use as the usual steam-generators.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-l- 1. The combination of two or more boilers, a passage from each boiler to the smoke-stack, a passage connecting the two boilers forcenveying products of combustion from one to the other, a system of water-pipes having valves for controlling the flow of water and directing it into the water-heating boiler and for taking hot water from said boiler to the steam-generating boiler, and means for opening and closing all of said passages, whereby products of combustion from one boiler can be cut olf from the stack and be compelled to pass to the other boiler before reaching said stack.

2. In a steam-generating plant, two boilers either of which is adapted to be used as a steamgenerator and the other as a waterheater, a system of water-pipes having valves for controlling' the How of Water and directing it into the water-heating boiler and for taking hot water from the said boiler to the steamgenerating boiler, and means for preventing the normal dischargeI of the products of combustion from the steam-generating boiler and compelling them to pass to the water-heating boiler before being discharged.

3. In a steam-generating plant, two or more boilers any of which may be used as steamgel'ierators and others as feed-water heaters, a system of water-supply pipes having' valves for directing the flow of water into the feedwater-heating boilers and for taking hot water from the feed-water-heating boilers tothe steam-generating boilers, and dampers for cutting off the products of combustion in the steam generating boilers from the smokestack and compelling them to pass to the heating-surfacesI of the feed-water-heating boilers before iinal discharge into the open air.

LL. In a steam plant, a plurality of boilers, a hollow breeching having smoke iiues or passages communicating with a stack, a damper in each of such iues or passages, such breeching having' also intersecting passages communicating with the smoke-tubes of and with the heating-space beneath the respective boilers, and a damper at the intersection, cooperating with the dampers in the smoke-fl ues, for causing the products of combustion from one boiler to enter the said heating-space of the other and vice versa.

5. The combination with two boilers having heating-space beneath them, of a removable defiecting-plate adapted to be set in either heating-space, and means for causing the products of combustion from one boiler to enter the heating-space of the other above said defleeting-plate.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 13th day of October, 1903.

GEORGE H. BLOVERS.

Vitnesses:

ALBERT C. AIKEN, L. WV. SEELY.

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