US779018A - Heating appliance. - Google Patents

Description

No. 779,018. PATENTED JAN. 3. 1905. J. D. YORK.

HEATING APPLIANCE.

APPLICATION FILED 0OT.10,1902.

2 SHEETSBHEET l.

Wit-M25555 Inventor WM.M John I]. YJFK PATENTED JAN. 3, 1905.

J. D. YORK.

HEATING APPLIANCE.

APPLICATION FILED 0o'1.10,19oz.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J MA Inventor Atfnl ne .lNiTnn STATES Patented January 3, 1905.

JOHN D. YORK, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HEATING APPLIANCE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 779,018, dated January 3, 1905.

Application filed October 10, 1902. Serial No. 126.758.

T0 ctZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN D. YORK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Heating Appliances, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to heating appliances, and more particularly to that class of heating apparatus which may be used for heating liquids, such as water, or for the purpose of generating steam, as in steam-boilers.

More particularly, my invention relates to the application of hydrocarbon fuels as burned in ahydrocarbon or petroleum burner for such heating purposes.

Petroleum-burners have heretofore been applied to steam-boilers; but it has been the practice to apply such burners to boilers which have been designed and constructed for the purpose of burning wood or coal or other solid fuels which are burned upon agrate. When the heat from such fuels has been replaced by the heat from the flame of a hydrocarbonburner, there has been a great waste of heat energy, due to the fact that the flame from a hydrocarbon-burner radiates heat almost equally in every direction, and when such a flame is applied to a boiler designed for burning coal, for instance, much of the heat generated by the burner has been dissipated on account of the comparatively small heatingsurface ofthe boiler-shell which has been exposed to the flame of the burner. In other words, the efliciency of a heating apparatus, such as a steam-boiler, would be very much improved if the useful heating-surface were made to entirely surround the flame. Another serious difliculty which has heretofore been experienced in using a hydrocarbonburner with the ordinary type of boiler or other heater is that the intense heat generated by the combustion of ahydrocarbon has been suflicient to injuriously affect the boiler-plate.

My invention contemplates the provision of a specially-designed heater or heatingtank, such as a water-heater or steam-boiler, so as -to utilize a greatly-increased percentage of the heat energy available and at the same time to provide aheatingapparatus notinjuriously affected by the use of a petroleum-burner.

My invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of a steamboiler embodying my invention, in which the front plate has been removed. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of a steamboiler constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a petroleum-burner adapted for use in connection with my improved boiler.

In all of the said figures like reference characters refer to similar parts.

I have shown aboiler-shell 1 provided with a steam-dome 2 and the customary fire-fines 3 3. These flues are desirably expanded into the boiler-heads in such a way as to leave no sharp outwardly-projecting corners of metal, which would be readily attacked by the heat of the combustion. Through the lower part of the boiler and securely riveted to the boiler-heads 4. and 5 extend one or morecombustion-flues 6, which may desirably be of substantially circular cross-sections in order to better withstand the steam-pressure upon the outside thereof. These tubular combustion-flues may desirably be made slightly conical, converging from the front to the rear of the boiler, as best illustrated in Fig. 2. The boiler-shell is desirably supported in a boilersetting 7, having a rear fire-wall 8, against which the hot gases issuing from the tube 6 may strike. Thus between the boiler-head 5 .and the fire-wall8 and partly inclosed by the boiler-setting 7 there is formed what I shall call a combustion chamber, whose sole purpose is to conduct the hot gases of combustion issuing from the end of the tube 6 to the flues 3 3. r

In front of the boiler-shell proper is desirably located the front plate 9, having a transverse wall 10, separating the chamber 11, into which the fire-Hues open from the chamber 12, in which the petroleum-burners aredesirably located. A flue 13 leads to a chimney. The

petroleum-burners, one or more for each comthe twyer.

bustion-flue, are desirably located in the lower chamber 12. These petroleum-burners may desirably be centrally located with respect to the end of their associated tubes. The burners employed are especially adapted to throw a long narrow flame in contrast to those burners from which a flame of a practically spherical shape is thrown. In accordance with my invention I construct these burners with an outer twyer 14:, which is provided upon its interior surface with inwardly-projecting spiral bars 15 15. I provide piping 16, through which to carry to the twyer either steam or hot or cold compressed air or other fluid adapted to support combustion. The hydrocarbon to be burned, which may be either in a gaseous or liquid state, is desirably supplied through the piping 17 to the needle-valve chamber 18, from which leads the fuel-nozzle 19, to which the supply of fuel is regulated I by the needlevalve 20. The steam in passing through the twyer from the piping 16 to the orifice 21 thereof receives a rapid whirling motion'due to the rifling of The petroleum or other liquid fuel which may be supplied through the fuelnozzle 19 is drawn out and thoroughly intermixed with the steam which. may be passing through the twyer. Thus the steam, intermixed with fuel, issues from the orifice of the twyer with a rapid rotary or whirling motion, which is particularly well adapted to hold together the flame caused by the combustion of the hydrocarbon fuel in a combustion-supporting gas. Thus one of my improved burners when located, as shown, at the center of the front end of one of the tubes 6 throws a long slender flame in through the tube 6, from which the heat generated may readily radiate in every direction, and thereby be absorbed by the water-backed walls of the combustion-flue.

A continued combustion of the gas adapted to produce aflame extending throughout a greater part of the length of the combustionflue is promoted by the provision of means adapted to supply additional combustion-supporting gas at intervals throughout the length of the flue. In the drawings 1 have illustrated one embodiment of devices adapted to supply additional combustion-supporting gas to the combustion-flue. Ihave shown piping 22 connected with the steam-supply pipe 16 and running through openings 23 in the boiler-shell. Around each combustion-flue I find it desirable to spirally wind a pipe 24:, from which openings or nozzles 25 lead to the interior of the combustion-flue 6. The steam-pressure in this spirally-wound pipe may be regulated by the valve 26, whereby the pressure in the pipe 24 may be regulated, so as to spurt in through each of the openings 25 a suitable stream of steam. While I have shown a spirally-disposed line of openings or nozzles 25, the disposition of these nozzles is not material, it

being merely necessary that means be provided by which to supply additional steam to the interior of the tube 6. It is, however, desirable that these auxiliary streams of steam be sprayed in toward the center of the tube, and therefore the arrangement shown is desirable. Furthermore, if the piping conveying this steam was led in through the interior of the tube it would be destroyed by the intense heat generated therein. As shown, the water surrounding the piping 24 is sufficient protection against the heat. I find that the introduction of steam or a similar gas into the interior of the tube continues the combustion of the gas introduced through the burners throughout the entire length of the tubes. The gas as sprayed in through the burner-twyer seems to be most effective when the proportion of steam or combustion-supporting gas is not quite sufiicient to cause the perfect combustion of the fuel. Therefore the introduction of additional combustionsupporting gas through the nozzles 25 supplies to the flame the additional steam necessary for the perfect combustion thereof, and the introduction of this additional steam in the manner which I have described entirely prevents the disagree able puffing of the flame.

The gases of. combustion issuing from the rear end of the flue 6 cause an intense heating of any surface upon which they impinge. Thus I have found it impracticable to direct the flame from such a burner against a steel or metal surface even when backed up by circulating water, as might be readily arranged in a boiler. The-highly-heated surface of the rear wall 8 in turn radiates to the rear boilerhead a large portion of the heat imparted thereto, whereby but a small proportion of heat energy is lost.

A boiler constructed in accordance with my invention is a distinct improvement over those boilers, such as a marine type of boiler, in which the coal-burning grates are placed within a fire-flue located within the outer boiler-shell, and which fire-flue leads toa combustion-chamber in the rear part of the boiler, which combustion-chamber extends upwardly and there connects with fire-flues extending forward through the upper part of the boilershell. Such boilers when used in connection with hydrocarbon-burners are extremely subject to injury of the boiler-plate, due to the direct impinging of the flame thereupon.

It will be seen that in accordance with my invention I provide means for producing a long slender flame well adapted to radiate a large quantity of the heat generated therein and a boiler having a heating-surface peculiarly adapted to receive a large proportion of the available heat from such a flame, and at the same time I have provided a boiler not easily subject to injurious efiects due to the intense heat produced by a hydrocarbon-burner.

I find it particularly advantageous to employ crude or wholly or partially refined petroleum as a fuel to be burned in connection with live steam. There is a particular advantage in the combination of steam and crude petroleum, in that the heat of the steam heats the heavy petroleum to such an extent that it flows readily and evenly through the fuelnozzle. However, any hydrocarbon fuel in connection with any combustion-supporting gas may be employed.

In this specification and in the following claims I employ the term boiler to include any inclosed chamber in which to heat any liquid, whether under pressure or not. Thus the term will include not only boilers adapted for the purpose of steam generation, but also appliances intended for heating Water or other liquids.

While I have herein shown and described one particular embodiment of my invention, it will be apparent that many changes and modifications therein might well be employed, and I do not, therefore, Wish to limit myself to the precise disclosure herein set forth; but,

Having described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In a boiler, the combination Withacylindrical boiler-shell, of a combustion-chamber at the rear thereof, a conical combustion-flue of circular cross section passing entirely through said boiler from front to rear, and opening into said combustion-chamber, a heatresisting fire-Wall placed opposite the end of said tube, fire-flues leading from said combustionchamber through to the front of said boiler-shell, a hydrocarbon-burner directed to conduct a flame into said combustion-flue, a spirally-wound pipe passing through the boiler-head and wound about said combustionfiue, and nozzles connected with said piping and opening through the walls into said combustion-flue, said piping and nozzles being adapted to convey live steam to the interior of said combustion-flue, substantially as described.

2. In a boiler, the combination Witha boilershell, of acombustion-chamber at the rear end thereof, a conical combustion-flue of circular cross -section passing entirely through said boiler and converging in diameter from front to rear and opening into said combustionchamber, a hydrocarbon-burner adapted to direct its flame into the front end of said flue and toward said combustion-chamber, a pipe Wound spirally about the exterior of said flue throughout its entire length, said pipe being connected with the steam-supply from said boiler, and nozzles connected with said piping extending through the walls into the interior of said flue to convey steam to the interior of said flue throughout its length, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 4th day of October, A. D. 1902.

JOHN D. YORK.

Witnesses:

LYNN A. WILLIAMS, HARVEY L. HANSON.

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