US770922A - Motor. - Google Patents

Description

No. 770,922. PATENTED SEPT; Z'fQ. E. S. PILLSBURY & E. BRBTGH. MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 17. 190s.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

No. 770,922. PATENTBD smitten, 1904.

E. s. PILLSBURY @L E. BRETCH.

MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED APR.17, 1903. N0 MODEL. 2SHEBTS-SHBBT 2. Q95

UNITED STATES Patented September 27, 1904.

PATENT OEEICE.

EDIVIN S. PILLSBURY AND EDVARD BRETCH, OE ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNORS TO THE H. E. LINDSEY ELECTRICAL SUPPLY COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF MISSOURI.

MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 770,922, dated September 27, 1904.

Application led April 17, 1903.

T @ZZ wil/0m, 7125 Ntfty/ concern:

Be it known that we, EDWIN S. PILLsBURY and EDWARD BRETCH, citizens of the United States, residing at St. Louis, MissourLhave invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Motors, of which the following is a full,

clear, and eXact description, such as will en ableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference beo ing had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure I is a central vertical sectional elevation. Fig. 2 is a top view, partly in section; and Figs. 3 and A are diagrammatic i5 views, Fig. 3 showing the pole-pieces upon the stationary member, and Fig. I showing the pole-pieces upon the rotatable member.

Our invention relates to improvements in motors, and more particularly to electric mo- 2o tors, our object being primarily to provide simple and eicient means for starting the rotatable element.

A further object is to provide a structure which has two motors adapted to act upon the same movable part, and to combine with these motors means whereby power can be tirstsupplied to one of them and then after the said movable part has been properly started power can be cut off from the motor which was initially energized and supplied to the second motor.

To these ends and also to improve generally upon devices of the character indicated, our invention consists in the various matters 3 5 hereinafter described and claimed.

Although it will be readily understood that the present invention is in no wise limited to such use, we have herein illustrated the invention in connection with a ceiling-fan, the

general construction of such fan and what may be termed the main or working motor (as distinguished from the hereinafterreferred-to auxiliary or starting motor) being of the character fully disclosed in patent to Edwin S. Pillsbury upon electric motors, No.

642,364, granted January 30, 1900.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, A indicates a frame-plate which in Serial No. 153,071. (No model.)

the present embodiment of our invention is adapted to be suspended from the ceiling', as by connection with the supporting-pipe A', and C is a shaft liXed upon and depending from said frame-plate, a bell-shaped oil-cup D surrounding the lower end of said shaft C and being conveniently supported from said shaft. The armature frame or spider E is provided with a hub portion @3, which is sleeved upon the before-mentioned shaft C, said armature frame or spider being the movable or rotatable element of the present construction and having suitable sockets I{,'adapt ed to receive the shanks of the fan-blades. Mounted upon the periphery of the frameplate A is .the lield-magnet core B of the main or working motor, and suitably supported upon the armature-frame Eand in position to properly cooperate with the said held-magnet core is the armature M of said main or working magnet. The wire l is wound about the polar projections of the field-magnet core and has its ends connected to a suitable source of electric energy. This much of the construction of the present deviceis substantially similar to the construction illustrated in the before-mentioned patent of Pillsbury, and will therefore not be specically described in this specification, it being understood that when energy is supplied to the tieldB and the rotating armature is started the said main or working motor causes the rotatable element or armature-frame E to continue to rotate.

The present invention relates more particularly to means for starting the movement of the before-mentioned rotatable element or armature-frame E. Suitably mounted upon the hub I0, which is ixedly connected to and depends from said stationary frame-plate A, are commutator-segments Il and Il", here shown as substantially semicircular and as two in number, these segments being out of electrical connection with each other, and there being preferably insulation l2 between the ends of the segments and between the segments and their supporting-hub. Depending from the before-mentioned stationary frameplate A and intermediate the before-mentioned central hub 10 and the before-mentioned pe-V ripherally-supported main field B are segmental cores or polar projections 13 and 13, which are oppositely wound by the wires 14 and 14, respectively, each of said wires having one end connected to the before-mentioned main winding-wire 1 and its other end connected to one of the before-mentioned commutator-segments. Thus it will be apparent that if the said commutator-segments are electrically connected and current is permitted to HOW from the source of electrical energy the cores 13 and 13 become magnets of opposite polarity.

Rising from the rotatable member or armature-frame E are cores or polar projections, which are adapted to cooperate with the before-mentioned field- cores 13 and 13, and are spaced substantially equal distances from each other. Three such armature-cores are here shown and are indicated, respectively, 15, 15, and 15b. Mounted upon said armatureframe E are radially disposed casings 16, which have their inner ends open, and each of these casings is electrically connected to the Winding-wire 17 of one of the said armature-cores, each of these cores being wound in the same direction andthe winding-wires being connected to each other, as shown at 17.

Slidably supported in each casing 16 is a Weighted brush 18, between whose outer end and the outer wall of the casing is interposed the spring 19, which exerts its force to move the brush'inwardly and in engagement with one of the before-mentioned'commutator-segments 11 11. When the rotatable frame E 'is at rest or is rotating slowly, the springs 19 serve to hold the brushes in contact with the commutator-segments; but when said rotataw ble frame attains a certain speed said brushes are, by centrifugal action, thrown outwardly against the force of the said springs 19, and are thus moved out of contact with the said commutator-segments.

Referring now more particularly to the dia* gra-ms Figs. 3 and 4, it will be seen that when the current is supplied it flows from the source of energy to the positive side of the main winding-wire 1, from such side of said main winding-wire through the wire 14 about the field-core 13, thus making said core a positive pole; thence iiows to the commutatorsegment 11, thence to the brush 18 connected to the Winding of the armature-pole 15, thence through the common connecting-point 17 to the others of said armature-poles, whereby in the position of the parts shown in Figs. 3

and 4 the armature-core 15 becomes a magnet of negative polarity and the armaturecore 15 is not energized, by reason of the fact that its coperating brush is upon the insulation between the commutator segments. From the winding about the core 15 the current iiows from its connected brush to the commutator-segment 11, thence about the the negative armature-core 15 and will repel the positive armature-core 15, thus causing the rotatable element E, upon which the armature- cores 15, 15, and 15b are carried, to commence to rotate, and as the brush coperating with the armature core 15b enters upon the segment 11 said armature-core 15 becomes a south pole, and having passed the center of the field-core 13 said armature-pole 15b is repelled by the negative field-pole 13, the armature-pole 15 becoming dead as it reaches the center of the positive iield-pole (byreason of the fact that the brush coperating with said armature-pole 15 contacts with the insulation between the commutatorsegments when said armature-pole reaches such central position under the positive fieldpole) and the armature-pole 15 becoming a negative pole when it enters upon the comrnutator-segment 11. It is believed that the changes in polarity of the armature-cores dur* ing the rotation of said armature will be fully understood without further explanation. After the rotatable armature-carrying frame E attains proper speed the brushes 18 move out of contact with the commutator-segrnents 11 and 11, whereupon the auxiliary or starting motor is thrown out of circuit and the whole current iiows into the field B of the main or working motor, which main or working motor causes the rotatable element to continue to rotate in a manner which will be well understood. Thus byavery simple construction we are enabled to start the operation of an induction-motor and to cut out the starting mechanism after the main motor is in proper condition to operate.

Oil from the cup D creeps up between the stationary shaft C and the hub or sleeve e3 of the rotatable armature frame. The upper end of said sleeve e is spaced from the iieldmagnet frame-plate A above it to produce an oil-passage e at the top of said sleeve, and the hub 10, carried by the said field-magnet frameplate, encircles the said sleeve e3 and is spaced therefrom to produce an oil-passage e. Thus oil which creeps up between the said shaft C and the sleeve e passes into the passage e and thence down the passage e" back to the oilcup, the said hub 10 coperating with the said sleeve e to produce this passage e and preventing the oil from being thrown oif the rotating sleeve c by centrifugal action.

The armature M is of what is commonly known as the "squirrel-cage type, and includesthe induced current-conclucting bars N of said armature being upon the outer sideof IOO said bars N. In the present construction the said bars are provided with notches 2O upony their inner sides, and the said rings O, one above and the other below the core-laminations of' the armature, are simply slipped into said notches. Thus the said rings are securely held upon the said bars, the resiliency of the rings tending to force the bars outwardly against the core, and the laminations are securely held between the rings. Because of' the construction just described the squirrelcage armature can be quickly and conveniently assembled, the parts being properly held together by themselves alone before the armaturel is dipped in solder.

i/Ve are aware that many minor changes in the construction, arrangement, and combination of' the several parts of our device can be made and substituted for those herein shown and described without in the least departing' from the nature and principle ofl our invention.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isi l. T he combination with a driven element, a source of' electrical energy, and a main, induction-motor incapable of' being started by energy supplied to it from said source, said motor being in driving connection with said driven element and in electrical connection with said source ofl energy, of means for starting said motor and comprising' an auxiliary, conduction-motor capable of being started by energy supplied to it from said source, said auxiliary motor being in driving connection with said driven element and in electrical connection with said same source of energy, and means whereby after said main, inductionmotor has been started energy is cut off from said auxiliary, conduction motor; substantially as described.

2. The combination with a driven element, and a source of electrical energy, of a main motor, an auxiliary motor, each of said motors having as elements a field and an armature, one of' .said motor elements of each of said motors being in driving connection with said driven element, a contact member, a brush cooperating with said contact member and electrically connected to one of said motor ele-` ments of said auxiliary motor, a circuit including said source of' energy and one of' said motor elements of' said main motor, a circuit including said source of' energy, said contact member, said brush, and said auxiliary motor element to which said brush is electrically connected, and means whereby said brush is electrically disconnected from said contact member when said main motor has been rendered operative; substantially as described.

3. The combination with amovable element, of two armatures thereon, a main field cooperating with one ofl said armatures, a starting field cooperating with the other of said armatures, a contact member, a brushfcooperating with said contact member and electrically connected to said second-mentioned armature, a source of' electrical energy, a circuit incl u ding said source of' energy and said main field, a circuit including said source of energy, said starting field, said contact member, said brush, and said second-mentioned armature, and means whereby said brush is electrically disconnected from said con tact member when said main field and its cooperating armature have been rendered operative; substantially as described.

4. rlhe combination with a relatively fixed frameplate, of a rotatable frame-plate, a main stator upon said fixed frame-plate, a cooperating rotor upon said rotatable plate, cores proj ecting from said main plate and provided with stator-windings, and cooperating cores projecting from said rotatable plate and provided with rotorwindings; substantially as dcscribed.

5. The combination with a relatively fixed frame-plate, a rotatable frame-plate, a main field upon said fixed frame-plate, a cooperating armature upon said rotatable plate, cores projecting from said main plate and provided with field-windings,and cooperating cores projecting from said rotatable plate and provided with armature-windings; substantially as described.

6. The combination with a relatively fixed plate, ofl a rotatable plate, a motor having as elements a stator and a rotor, said stator being upon said fixed plate and said rotor being upon said rotatable plate, a relatively fixed Contact member, a source of' electrical supply, electrical connection between said sourcc'ofl supply and said contactmember, a brush carried by said rotatable plate and cooperating with said Contact member, said brush being adapted to be thrown from engagement with said contact member by centrifugal action, electrical connection between said brush and one pole ofl one of said motor elements, and electrical connection between the other pole of said one of said motor elements and said source ofl supply; substantially as described.

7. The combination with a relatively fixed plate, of a rotatable plate, a stator upon said fixed plate, a cooperating rotor upon said rotatable plate, a relatively fixed Contact member, a source of electrical supply, electrical connection between said source ofl supply and said contact member, a brush carried by said rotatable plate and cooperating with said contact member, said brush being adapted to be thrown from engagement with said contact member by centrifugal action, electrical connection between said brush and one pole of said rotor, and electrical connection between the other pole of' said rotor and said source of' supply; substantially as described.

8. The combination with a relatively fixed 'frame-plate, ahub thereon, a commutator IOO upon said hub and comprising electrically-disconnected segments, and a stator-motor element upon said plate and comprising opposite poles which are respectively electrically connected to different said contact-segments of said commutator, of a rotatable plate, a rotormotor element thereon cooperating' with said stator, a brush carried by said rotatable plate, cooperating with said commutator and electrically connected to one pole of one of said motor elements, said brush being adapted to be moved out of contact with said commutator by centrifugal force, and means whereby when said brush contacts with one of said commutator-segments electrical connection is made between the other of said commutator-segments and the other pole of said motor element in connection with said brush; substantially as described.

9. The combination with a relatively fixed plate, of stator-cores thereon, windings about said cores, a hub upon said plate, a commutator upon said hub and electrically connected to said windings, a rotatable plate, a plurality of rotor-cores upon said rotatable plate, windings about said cores, and brushes upon said rotatable plate and alternating with said rotorcores, said respective brushes being electrically connected with said respective rotorcores, cooperating with said commutator, and being adapted to be thrown from engagement with said commutator by centrifugal force; substantially as described.

10. The combination with a relatively fixed plate, of field-cores thereon, windings about said cores, a hub upon said plate, a commutator upon said hub and electrically connected to said windings, a rotatable plate, a plurality of armature-cores upon said rotatable plate, windings about said cores, and brushes upon said rotatable plate and alternating with said armature-cores, said respective brushes being electrically connected with said respective armature-cores, cooperating with said commutator, and being adapted to be thrown from engagement with said commutator by centrifugal force; substantially as described.

11. In a motor of the character indicated, the combination with a stator, a commutator comprising electrically disconnected segments, a source of electrical supply, and electrical connection between the respective poles of said source of supply and said respective segments, of a rotatable plate, rotor-cores thereon, windings about said cores, radiallydisposed casings upon said plate and alternating with said cores, brushes in said casings and respectively electrically connected to one pole of the respective said windings, said brushes being adapted to be moved by centrifugal force, springs in said casings serving to hold said brushes in engagement with said commutator, and means whereby when a brush is upon -one of said segments the opposite pole of the said winding to which said brush is connected is electrically connected to the other of said segments; substantially as described.

12. In a motor having' as elements a stator and a rotor, two cores embodied in one of said motor elements, means for rendering said cores of opposite polarity, two electricallydisconnected commutator-segments, one of said segments being electrically connected to each of said before-recited cores, three similarly wound cores embodied in the other of said motor elements, similar ends of said windings being electrically connected together, and a brush for each of said last-mentioned three cores and electrically connected to the winding of its respective said core, said brushes cooperating with said commutatorsegments; substantially as described.

13. The combination with two field-cores, of means for rendering said cores of opposite polarity, two electrically-disconnected commutator-segments, one of said segments being electrically connected to each of said fieldcores, three armature-cores similarly wound, similar ends of said windings being electrically connected together, and a brush for each of said armature-cores and electrically connected to the winding of its respective said core, said brushes cooperating with said commutatorseginents; substantially as described.

14. In a motor or the like, a frame-plate, a shaft depending therefrom, an oil-cup in which the lower end of said shaft is received, an armature-frame, a sleeve thereon about said shaft and also having its lower end extending into said oil-cup, there being an oil-passage at the upper end of said sleeve, a hub also depending from said frame-plate, said hub encircling said sleeve and being spaced therefrom to produce an oil-passage communicating between said first-mentioned oil-passage and said oil-cup, a commutator upon said sleeve, and a brush upon said armature-frame cooperating with said commutator; substantially as described.

15. In an armature or the like, a core, a series of bars extending transversely through the same and provided with lateral recesses upon one side above and below said core, and rings which are received in said recesses above and below said core; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we here unto aiiiX our signatures, in the presence of two witnesses, this 11th day of April, 1903.

EDWIN S. PILLSBURY. EDVARD BRETCH.

Vitnesses:

GALES P. MOORE, GEoRGE BAKEwELL.

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