US769531A

US769531A - Oven for coking peat with recovery of by-products.

Info

Publication number: US769531A
Application number: US15602403A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ewald Bremer
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1903-05-07
Filing date: 1903-05-07
Publication date: 1904-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 1921-09-06

Description

No. 769,531. PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904. E. BREMBR.

OVEN FOR C OKING PEAT WITH RECOVERY OF BY-PRODUCTS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 7. 1903. N0 MODEL.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

//Vl/[/V7 0/9 m 1 Ewald Brenner PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904.

E. BREMER. OVEN FOR GOKING PBAT WITH RECOVERY OF BY-PRODUGTS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 7. 1903.

2 BHEETSSHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

UNITED STATES Patented September 6, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

ElVALD BREMER, OF MARIUPOL, RUSSIA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 769,531, dated September 6, 1904. Application filed May 7, 1903. Serial No. 156,024. (No model.)

Be it known that l, E\\'ALD BREMER, civil i engineer, a subject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, residing in the city of Mariupol, in the Governmental District (Gubernie) of .lllmterinoslaw, in the Russian Empire. have invented a certain new and useful Oven for (oking Peat with Recovery of By-Prodnets, of which the following is a specification.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved oven more especially designed for coking peat in a very economical manner by utilizing the gases produced as fuel for the heating of the reducing-rctorts.

The invention consists of novel features and parts and combinations'of the same, as will be more fully described hereinafter and then pointed out in the claims.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification. in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure l is a cross-scction of the improvement on the line 1 1 of Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same on the line 2 2 of Fig. 3. Fig. 33 is a sectional side elevation of the improvement, partly on the line 3 3 and partly on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a cross-section of a modified form of the preliminary drier and retort-s. Fig. 5 is a similar view of another form of the preliminary drier and retorts. Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional side elevation of a modified form of the cutoff device for the upper end of the collectingbox, and Fig. 7 is a sectional side elevation of the cut ott' device for the collecting -box shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The improved construction of coking-oven forming the subject of this invention consists of a suitable number of vertical retorts,of refractory material and arranged side by side, of any suitable section, the retorts being combined into groups and allowing free access from the bottom.

The oven about to be described is especially suited for the coking of peat and for reducing the same into coke by dry distillation. For

this purpose each coking-chamber is made up of three separate sections arranged above each other and consisting of the coking-retort proper, A, the preliminary dricrs B, and the cooling or condensing box C.

The operation of the oven is carried on as follows: The peat which it is desired to submit to the coking operation is fed into the drier B, where it is freed from the mechanically-combined water and from any more readily volatile constituents that may be present by means of a process of preliminary distillation taking place in this chamber, and after this treatment it is emptied into the coking-retort A by opening the conical or flap valves 1, provided at the bottom of the chamber. The cooler is provided atits upper part with a pressure-rod 2, which by any suitable mechanical means may have a horizontal, Fig. 2, or oscillating movement, Fig. 6, imparted to it, so as to be able to compress the peat-coke in the upper part of the cooler and to keep the contents of the retort practically constant or, respectively, to avoid reducing the charge when the cooling-box is being emptied. This is effected by compressing the cokcs in the upper part and then opening the delivery-opening 3 of the cooler arranged at its bottom, the peat-coke contained in the cooling-box dropping into a car or container placed below the cooler. After the bottom delivery-opening3 of the cooling-box has been closed the pressure rod 2 is withdrawn, which causes the entire charge to sink down, the cooling-box being again filled with finished coke, which remains in the cooler till the next emptying stage of the process.

The cooling operation in the cooling-box may, if desired, be accelerated by allowing water to flow over the outside of it. The emptying of the cooling-box is carried on periodically after a certain time and in the ratio as the charge of peat in the retort dcscends by the emptying of the cooling-box. The contents of a preliminary drier B after having undergone a preliminary treatment therein are fed into the retort, soas to insure thereby the continuous operation of the oven. The pressure-rod 2 may be arranged on one side as well as on both sides of the coolingbox, Figs. 3 and 7. The cooling-box is made of metal, while the preliminary drier B may are liberated by distillation in consist either entirely of metal, Fig. 4:, or entirely of masonry, Fig. 5, or it may consist partly of metal and partly of masonry, Figs. 1, 2, and 3. The heating of the ovens and the course followed by the gases produced" may be described as follows: The gases which the retort A pass through the exit-openings 5 into the collecting-chamber 6 and thence through the gas-valves 7 into the gas-receiver 8. The gases are then allowed to pass to the condens ing plant. After having been cooled and purified in the condensing part of the plant the gases are delivered through the pipes 9 into the bottom or into the sides of the combustion-passage 12, where they are burned by means of admixture with air entering simultaneously with the gases, the quantity of the latter being controlled by gas slidevalves 10, preferably arranged in the pipeconduits 9, which branch out into the pipes 11. By this arrangement of parts the coking-retort proper is kept hotter in its lower part than in its upper parts, so that the contents of the retortin their descent pass through zones of gradually-increasing heat, the coking material thus becoming exposed to a gradually-rising temperature. Any further quantities of air of combustion or of heating-gases which may be required can be introduced into the heating-channels through the passages 13. From the channel 12 the hot gases of combustion ascend into the upper collecting-channel 15 and by way of vertically or diagonally or partly vertically partly horizontally arranged hea'ting-passages 14. While passing through the heating-passages 14: part of the heat of the gases is communicated to the masonry of the retorts, the gases then flowing from the collecting-channel 15 and through the connecting-passage 16 into the heatingchannels 17 and around the preliminary drier B, and they leave through the channel 18, from which they pass into the chimney. The heating of the preliminary drier may, if desired, be also effected by means of gases of combustion supplied by the condensing plant, the pipe-conduits 11 being connected to the heating-passages of these preliminary driers.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In a cokingoven, vertical retorts arranged side by side, combined in series, and freely accessible from below, each cokingchamber comprising three separate sections arranged vertically below each other and constituting the coke retort proper A, the preliminary drier B, and the cooling-box C, the retort proper being provided with a series of exit-openings in its side for the gaseous products of the distillation, a vertically-extending collecting chamber for the said gases, and a gas receiver communicating with the upper end of said collecting-chamber.

2. In a coking-oven, the combination with below the retorts, a combustion chamber in the wall of each retort at the lower portion thereof, a collecting-chamber for the hot gases of combustion,connected by heating-passages, with the said combustion-chamber, and heating-passages around the preliminary drier and connected with the said collecting-chamber, of a cut-off device for each cooling-box, the said cut-off device being operated by mechanical means and arranged in the upper part of the cooling-box at the side thereof, and a delivery device at the lower end of each cooling-box.

3. In a coking-oven for the treatment of peat, preliminary drying or distillation chambers B, a retort A located below the dryingchambers, and conical valves seated in the lower ends of the drying chambers B and adapted, when lowered to connect the chambers with the retort, the said chambers being heated by means of the hot gases of combustion of the retort A and capable of direct heating by means of combustible gases from the condensing plant,the chambers being provided with heating-passages surrounding the same and adapted to receive the said combustible gases from the condensing plant.

4. In a coking oven, a vertically-disposed retort, comprising three separate sections arranged vertically below each other and constituting, a preliminary drier, a coke retort proper and a coolingbox, the retort proper having a series of exit-openings in its side for the gaseous products of distillation, a collecting-chamber for the said gases, and a gas-receiver communicating with the collectingchamber, a combustion-chamber in the wall of the retort at the lower part thereof for burning the said gases after they are regenerated, and heating-channels surrounding the preliminary drier and connected with the combustionchamber.

5. An oven for coking peat, comprising a vertically-disposed retort, a preliminary drier on the upper end of the retort, adapted to discharge its contents into the retort, a cooling or condensing box at the lower end of the said retort, for receiving the coked peat from the retort, a vertically-arranged collecting-chamber in the wall of the retort and in communication therewith, for collecting the gases arising in the retort, a gas-receiver communicating with the upper end of the collecting-chamber, the retort for burning the said gases after they are regenerated and mixed with air, as set forth.

6. An oven for coking peat, comprising a vertically-disposed retort, a preliminary drier on the upper end of the retort, adapted to discharge its contents into the retort, a cooling or condensing box at the lower end of the said retort, for receiving the coked peat from the retort, a collecting-chamber in the wall of the and a combustion-chamber in the wall of retort and in communication therewith, for collecting the gases arising in the retort, a combustion-chamber in the Wall of the retort at the lower portion, for burning the said gases after they are regenerated and mixed with air, an upper collecting-chamber for the hot gases of combustion, connected by heating-passages with the said combustion-chamber, and a heating-chamber around the said preliminary drier and connected with the said upper collecting-chamber, as set forth.

7. An oven for coking peat, comprising a vertically-disposed retort, a preliminary drier on the upper end of the retort, adapted to discharge its contents into the retort, a cooling or condensing box at the lower end of the said retort, for receiving the eoked peat from the retort, a cut-off device in the upper portion of the cooling-box at the side thereof for preventing the material passing from the retort into the box, a screw-rod for moving said device, a collecting-chamber in the wall of the retort and in communication therewith, for collecting the gases arising in the retort, a combustionchamber in the wall of the retort, for burning the gases after they are regenerated and mixed with air, and a heating-champrehminary drier, in comber around the said tort for receiving the coked peat from the retort, a combustion-chamber in the wall of the retort at the lower part thereof for burning 1 the gases mixed with air, pipes for delivering lecting-chamber for the hot the gases to the combustion-chamber, means for regulating the amount of the gases admitted to the combustion-chamber, an upper colgases of combustion connected by passages with the combustion-chamber, and heating-channelssurrounding the preliminary drier and connected by passages with the said upper collecting-charm her, the said heating-channels being also connected with a chimney, as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

IHVALD BREMER.

'itnesses:

HENRY Hasrmz, \VoLDmnu-z HAUPT.