US76946A - Improved bkick-iiln - Google Patents

Description

R. ROBSON.

Brick Kiln.

42 Sheets-'Sheet i.

No. 76,946. Patented April 2i, i868.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2. R. HOBSON.

Brick Kiln. l No. 76,946. y Patented April 2l, 1868.V

- [nz/enva?? -N.PEI'ERS, PHOTULITHOGRAPNER. WAsHlHGTON D C @uitrit tatrsatrat ffira ,A F insection, line .e z, andthe remainder in section on line z zof Fig. IV.

ROBERT Rensen-,10F BUFEA'LQNEWYQRK.

Letters Patent No. 76,946, dated April 21, i868.

IMPROVBD BRICK-mn.

TO .ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known thatI, ROBERT ROBSQN, of the city of Buil`alo,-in the county .of Erie, and State of New York,

have invented a new and improved Brick and Tile-Kiln; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which-f Figure-I is a partial plan and horizontal section of my improved kiln, showing compartments C D in plan,

Figure II is'a sidcelevation thereof. i Figure VIII is a vertical section of one o f the divisions ofthe kiln,ma'de in plane of linea: z, Fig. IV, showing the inner end of the compartment. a g

F'igure 1V is a vertical vsentan of the same cut by a radial plane, as shown by dotted line yy, Fig. I. Like'letters of referencedesignate corresponding parts-in all the figures. .v i My invention consistsl First, in arranging a series of kilns, so'as to leave an openV areaor space at the centre, Awith one or more passage-ways leading thereto, for supplying and removing the-brick from the kilns.

Second, in the construction of the kilns with chimneys at their top, controlled byvdampcrs, and arranging themv side by side, with their furnace-endscontiguous, and their back ends communicatngwith each other by means of av flue provided with dempers, so that the products of combustion from the burning kiln are'conducted to and used in the proximate one in drying the 'brick before their escape from the' top thereof, the said kilns being burned successively, all as hereinafter more fully set forth.

As illustrated by the drawings, my improved kiln is constructedvof a`series of compartments or lesser kilns arranged in a circle, and designated by letters A, B, C, D, E,and F, leaving an op'eh space/or area,G, at the' centre for aii'ordingaccess to thesaid compartments. H andI are passage-ways between the compartments onA opposite sides of 'thelkiln, for conveying the brick and tile.to and from the kiln. The kiln is conveniently and economically constructed, with a contour of polygonal-form, the/various divisions being separated by. radial partiticnwa-lls m m, as clearly shown in Fig. l

Each of the compartments A B, Src., is provided with a suitable number of furnaces, n n, having doors or apertures o o, for the introduction of the fuel. These furnaces are separated from the main compartment by a wall, p, .extending nearly tothe top,but leaving suici'ent space above for the passage of the products of com.

bustion into saidcompartment, as clearly shown at g-by black arrow, Fig. IV. l y

. The inner end of each compartment of the kiln, and also of the Apassages H I, are provided-at the bottom with a continuous due, J, by whichl all are connected, and a free passage 'from one' to the other obtained, as may' be required. This flue is provided with danipers a, bfc, d, af, g',- h between each division, by which the liuc can be closed so as to leave an open passage only between such fines, as occasion may require. pertures r r are formed in the wall, separating vthc iiue from thecompartmen'ts, through which the products of combustion are permitted .to pbss, in amanner present-ly to be explained.

The top of each of the lesser kilns is'constructed with one or more apertures 'or chimneys, s r,.contro,ll edl I by dempers u, for the nal escape of the products of combustion, and the vapor arising from thedrying bricks..

The operation of my improvements, constructed as above described, is as follows.:

The bricks, tile, or other articles to be burned are supplied .to the different kilns' through one of the passages H I, and the central space G, and are arranged therein in any-suitable manner.

Fire is now made in the furnaces of one ofthe kilns, A, for instance, and the chimneys of the sume-closed,

vwhile thoseofthe next kiln, B, are left open.4 The dampersd c being shut, and thev dampenb controlling. the flue between the kilns being'open,'the products of combustion rising from the furnaces in A to the top' o f the kiln, descend among the brick, and pass into the flue J through apertures r r,- and thenceout intocompartment B, from whencetlxey escape throughthe openings s s at the top, asclearly shown in Figs. I and IV, the vblack t arrows in the latter figure being supposed' to show the direction' of the `draught through A, and the red arrows the course it takes through B. i

After the kiln'A has hecome sufficiently burned, 'the dampers and d are closed and damper c opened, while the escape-passages s at Vthe top of B are closed, and Vthe similar ones in kiln C opened. Fire is then kindled in the furnaces of B, when the now properly dried hricks are ready for burning, the products of combustion passing into kiln C, (as shown by red arrows, Fig. 1,) and thence escaping at the top in the s nme manner as from B when burning the kiln A.

The kiln A, after it has been burned, is kept closed for about a day, so as to `allow it to gradually cool, when the damper b is again opened, which permits the hot air therein to escape with the products of combustion Vfrom kilnB into kiln C, and 4thus be utilized in drying the material in the latter. After thc-escape ,of the heated air, the damper bis a second time closed, and the dampers-in the chimneys of A opened, when the cooling of the kiln is completed. The before-described operation is repeated in succession with the diii'erent kilns, the' brick from the burned kilns being removed through the area G and delivery-passage as they become cold, and their place supplied with unburnt brick, so as to be ready for dryingl and burning in their proper turn.

` It ismanifestthat by this means the kiln may be kept burning an indefinite period of time.

The number and arrangement of the lesser kilns may be varied, providing the necessary communication with each other is maiutainedby means of the continuous iiue J.

The advantages of my 4improvements are as follows: y

The construction and arrangement of the furnaces, iluc, andV chimneys are such that the products .of combustion are distributed so as to prevent an excessive heating of any portion ofthe contents -of the kiln.

The arrangement for `conducting the products of combustion from onekiln to another'eilects a great saving in fuel, as the'products of,combustionarecompelled to pass down through the contents of one kiln and up through the undried contents of the'other before `it can escape, by`which the greater partici' the heat is absorbed and utilized;

The dempers inthe iiue J and chimneys enable the direction and intensity of the draught to he perfectlyl controlled and regulated. v

i The general arrangement oi' the whole kiln is such as renders 'it simple and comparatively cheap of con struction, easy of access in supplying and delivering the brick or tile, while the burning ofthe same is effected in a. uniform and complete manner.

Another great advantage results from the draught passing through leach kiln in contrary directions, Afirst entering at the bottom in drying the brick, which heats the lower portion the hottest,and, secondly, by entering at the top in burning, equalizes the eiiect, by its greater action'onj the brick in the 'upper portion.'

Y What I claim as'my invention, and'dcsire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination and arrangement of a series of kilns, A, B, C, Src., with a central area, G, and passageway or ways H, I, for supplying and removing the bricks and tile, substantially in the manner set forth.

2. I also claim'the furnaces n, bridgenvall p, and connecting-flue J and chimneys S, arranged substantially as herein described.

ROBERT ROBSON.

Witnesses:

JAY HYATT, V. H. Bacana.

Images