US76922A - Improvement in base-burning stoves - Google Patents

Description

F. H. HUSTED.

Base-Burning Stove- M Patented April 21, 1868.-'

. v jnmmfar;

N. PETE-R3. F HOT O-UTNOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D. C.

FRANK H. HUSTED, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

Lam Patent No. 76,922, dated April 21, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN BASE-BURNIN G STOVES.

fiite scant refiner in in tips: finial; again an mating urt at its time.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, FRANK H, HUSTED, of the city of Buffalo, in the county of- Erie, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magazine or Base-Burning Stoves; and I do hereby-declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, in which Figure I is a central vertical section of a stove provided with my improvements.

Figure II is a horizontalsection, on line aim, Fig. I, looking upward, showing a bottom plan of the magazirfi.

Figure III is a bottom plan of a modification of my improvement.

Figure IV, a vertical section of the same.

Figure V is a horizontal section of a magazine, square in cross-section, arranged in a stove so as to Iorm return-fines.

Figure VLshows another method of forming the discharge-opening in the bottom of the magazine.

Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts'in all the figures.

The use of magazirle or base-burning stoves, as they are termed, although possessing the great advantage of being self-feeding, has been found to be attended with some serious objections, which, to the minds of some persons, are sufiicient to overbalance this advantage, and to prevent their adoption. The principal objection raised again their use is the increased amount of coal required to produce a given amount of heat; This is not necessarily a fatal objection, but is the result of the improper construction of the magazine.

The magazine being of simple cylindrical form, with the lower end left open, it has been found from experience that the coal, to a considerable distance up the magazine, (and sometimes the entire quantity,) becomes ignited, from the fact that the open end of the magazine is directly over the centre of the fire, and point of most intense heat. This involves not only the loss, to a great extent, of the coal consumed in the lower end of the magazine, but also, by obstructing the centre of the fire, and from the great depth of coal at that point, prevents that free and natural combustionwhich economy requires.

The object of my improvements is to overcome these objections, and to increase the advantages of this class of stoves. y

The invention consists First, in constructing the lower portion the magazinewith a semi or partially annular coal-passage, arranged with a deflecting-plate, so as to leave, to as great an extent as possible, a free and unobstructed combustiom space at the centre, where it is-usuallyobstructed by the base of the cylinder.

Second, in dividing the combustion-space surrounding the magazine, by means of vertical plates or dampers,- or by arranging the magazine (of square or other suitable form in cross-section) so that its corners will make the necessary divisions, and form rcturn flues, in combination with-my aforesaid improvements.

In the drawings, A representsan ordinary cylindrical stove, B the grate, C the fire-pot, and D the fuel magazine or supply-cylinder. I

The body, or main portion of the magazine, may he made of dilforent forms. In Figs. I and II it is shown of a segmental cylindrical form, so as to afford a larger combustion-space, E, in front of the magazine. The lower portion of the magazine may be constructed with the acquired contracted escape-passage for the deal formed in different ways, each method, to a great'or lcss degree, accomplishing the same results, viz, that of preventing the ignition of the coal, and generation of gas in the magazine, of affording more free and unob structed combustion of the fuel beneath, the depositing of the coal moreloosely upon the grate than is the case when the entire end of the magazine is left open, and the coal permitted 'to descend in a packed and unbroken mass.

I prefer to construct the lower portion of the magazine as shown in Figs. I and II, so that the coal is dis charged through a semi or partially annular passage, a, at the back part of the magazine, while a deflecting plate, 6, supports and directs the coal towards the discharge a, leaving beneath it a central and unobstructed combustion-space,f. This plate serves to deflect the products of combustion towards the front of the stovc,.

and up the enlarged combustion-space E.

To each of the corners or angles c c of the magazine, I hinge vertical plates (Z (Z, provided with a suitable rod, '12, or other device,-by which they are operated, so as to partially or entirely divide the front space E from the rest of the combustion-chamber, as may be reqi ired.

A short distance above the top of the magazine, I arrange a horizontal plate or diaphragm, g, having an aperture at the centre, provided with a cover, e, so as to form above said plate an oven, F.

Coal is introduced into the magazine througha hole in the top of the stove, and the one in the plate 5/.

The before-described construction of the-base of the coal-cylinder, in connection with the enlarged space E, will of itself cause the products of combustion to concentrate toward the front of the stoves, and take an, upward direction to the top, but the employment of the damper-plates d more perfectlyinsur'es this result.

By this arrangement, the products of combustion, bybeing compelled to pass over the top of the magazine, and under the plate 9, enable baking and other cooking to be readily carried on in the oven '1? and hole a, as is frequently required, and which cannot be accomplished with ordinary methods of constructing base-burning stoves. This is another important advantage resulting from my improvement.

' Although I prefer constructing the base of'the fuel-chamber with the semi-annular opening a, yet it may be constructed with two inclined plates, h'h, converging towards the centre, so as to leave a narrow space,i, between the two for the descent of the coal, as shown in VI.

. In Figs. III and IV, the base of the magazine is shown having two passages, a? a, at the sides, for the descent of the coal, instead of thesingle semi-annular one.

This leaves a similar open space,f, at the centre, the draught in this case being deflected to the back and front by the double-inclined plate 6, as clearly shown. By forming a door, 1, in front of,this space, in both methods of construction easy access can be had to the grate for kindling the fire, or for the introduction of wood when only a slight and temporary fire is required.

Fig. Vrepresents a. fuel pragazine, square in cross-section, so arranged in a stove that its corners will divide the surrounding space into 'four vertical fines, m m m m, the first two forming upward, and the latter downward, or return-fines.

This construction is also specially adapted for heating the oven at the top of the stove, being in principle and effect a simple duplication of the arrangement first described.

Constructing the base of the magazine with a contracted opening barelysufncient for. the descent of the coal, prevents the possibility of igniting the latter inthe supply chamber, and consequently the generation and accumulation of gas therein, which, in ordinary stoves of, that kind, is a matter ofinconvenicnce, and 'sometimesof danger, from the explosion of the same. The pieces of coal, in their gradual descent through the narrow opening at the bottom of the magazine, are deposited loosely on the grate in a shallow stratum, so as to permit free circulation of air. through the mass, thereby producing, in connection with the central open space, the most perfect and brisk combustion. With the ordinary methods of construction, the coal descends on the grate in .a packed mass, the thickness and compactness of the stratum, to say nothing of the obstructed centra greatly retarding and preventing proper and economical combustion: 1 I

My improved stove, whiie-itpossesses allthe advantages of the ordinary base-burning stove, effects a great saving in fuel, is capable of being used as a wood-stove, fire therein can be conveniently lighted, and is well adapted for cooking-purposes, thus combining advantages which no other stove with which I am acquainted.

possesses.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by' Letters Patent, isv 1. Forming the central combustiomspacef by means of the passage as and deflecting-plate b, or their equivalents, substantially in the manner and for the purposes shown and described.

2. Dividing the combustiomchtmbersurrounding the magazine into vertical fines, by the. magazine itself, of the form described, or by the" hinged plates cl 01, provided with operating-rods n,,or equivalent, substantially in the manner and for the purpose specified. p i I 3; The magazine '1), provided with deflecting-plate, b, and semi-annular discharge-aperture a, or equivalent, and arranged sa nts to form an enlarged flue, E, in front, in combination with the oven F, arranged and operating substantially as set forth.

FRANK H. HUSTEDL Witnesses:

JAY Hus-r, Vrcron H. Bscxnn.

Images