US767685A - Drill for deep wells. - Google Patents

Description

No. 767,685. PATENTED AUG. 16, 1904.

A. F. DARLING. DRILL FOR DEEP WELLS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 20,1903.

NO MODEL.

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PATENT OFFICE.

ABRAM F. DARLING, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO CENTRAL DRILL CO., OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, A CORPO- RATION OF NEVADA.

DRILL FOR DEEP WELLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 767,685, dated August 16, 1904.

Application filed November 20, 1908. Serial No. 182,042. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ABRAM F. DARLING, a citizen of the United States, residing at San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drills for Deep Wells, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in drills for drilling deep wells, the object of my invention being to provide a device of this character which shall be more effective for this purpose than those heretofore used.

My invention therefore resides in the novel construction, combination, and arrangement of parts for the above ends hereinafter fully specified, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

' In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view showing the casing of the well in vertical section, showing also the drill-head in side elevation, but partly broken away. Fig. 2 is an enlarged broken vertical section of the drill-support. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the upper portion of the drill-head, looking upward. Fig. 4 is a cross-section of the lower portion thereof, looking downward. Fig. 5 is a cross-section on the line A A;

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents the casing of the well, 2 the drill-rod, and 3 the drill-bit. Said drill-bit is screwed into a drill-head 4, which is secured, by means of screws 5, within the lower end of a cylinder 6. Within the upper end of the cylinder is secured in like manner by screws 7 a head 8, which is screwed into the end of a drill-rod 9.

In constructions heretofore employed, in which the bottom of the well is cut by means of the impact of a reciprocating bit, whenever a slanting hard rock or boulder has been encountered the result would be that the bit striking said boulder would glance off to one side, the effect being not only to reduce the force of the stroke, but also to tend to cause crookedness in the well, so that when the bend in the well was subsequently reached by the casing it would be impossible to drive the casing farther.

It is the object of my invention to overcome this very serious obstacle. This I do in the following manner: First I provide the metallic cylinder 6, connecting the head of the drillbit with the end of the rod, as already explained, and almost filling up the casing, and then on the outside of the cylinder are secured by screws 10 vertical skids 11, of wood, which almost touch the casing. These skids permit the whole device to slide vertically substantially in contact with the inner surface of the casing. With this construction, then, should the drill-bit strike a sloping boulder or rock there is no possibility of the bit glancing to one side, because it is maintained vertical by means of the engagement of the long cylinder 6, rigidly secured to the bit, with the lower end of the casing.

A further improvement resides in the means for reaming out the well to a greater diameter than the casing. For this purpose the head of the bit is formed with transverse oblique cavities 13, meeting at the center of the head, and in said cavities are received the reamers 14L, pivoted on a transverse pin 15. Said pin extends through the head; but its ends abut against the inner surface of the cylinder, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4. The outer ends of said reamers are beveled or sloped outward downwardly, as shown at 16,

so that said outwardly-sloping ends on strik ing the lower edge of the casing in being drawn upward are pressed inward, permitting the reamers to ascend within the casing. They are, however, normally pressed outward by means of a compressed spring 17, which passes through a transverse aperture in the drill-head, the ends of said spring abutting against the inner sides of said reamers.

The above is a very simple and effective construction for providing reamers in conjunction with a drill-bit. No special means are required for maintaining the pin in place, as all that is necessaryis to pass the pin through the apertures in the head and then secure the head within the end of the cylinder, which thus keeps the pin in place. The

head is cut out, as shown, to form a solid abutment against the upper surface of each reamer substantially its whole length, while at the same time said reamers are permitted free inward movement when it is desireo to remove the device.

In order to exclude clay or other earthy matter at the bottom of the well from the oblique cavities 13, which might prevent the closing of the reamers in withdrawing the device, there is provided for each reamer a gate 18, extending below the reamer and in front of the cavity 13, said gate being pivoted on the sides of the reamer by pins 19 and held in place by a stop 20. These gates effecfiially preserve freedom of movement for the reamers.

While I have herein shown the preferred form of my invention, I do not desire to be limited thereto, as many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Where in the claims the skids are specified as of wood, it is to be understood that the equivalent of wood is included thereby.

I claim 1. In combination with a drill-rod and a drill-bit, a device connecting said rod and bit having removably secured thereto a plurality greater than two of longitudinal skids substantially in contact with the casingand arranged substantially symmetrically around said device, said skids being formed of soft material to prevent wear on the casing, substantially as described.

2. In combination with the drill-rod and the drill-bit, a cylinder secured at its upper end to the drill-rod and at its lower end to the drill-bit, and vertical wooden skids of equal lengths symmetrically secured on the outside of the cylinder, substantially as described.

3. In combination with the drill-rod and the drill-bit, a cylinder secured to said drill-rod, vertical skids of wood secured on the outside of the cylinder, a bit-head secured in the lower end of the cylinder, a reamer pivoted in said bit-head, a spring for normally extending said reamer, and a bit secured to said bit-head,- substantially as described.

4. In combination with a drill-rod, a cylinder-head secured thereto, a cylinder secured to said head, vertical skids of wood secured on the outside of said cylinder, a bit-head secured in the lower end of said cylinder, reamers pivoted in said bit-head, a spring for normally extending said reamers and a bit secured to said bit-head, substantially as described.

5. In a device of the character described, in combination with a drill-rod, a head secured to said rod, a metallic cylinder secured to said head, vertical skids of wood secured on the outside of said cylinder, a bit-head secured to the lower end of said cylinder having oblique recesses meeting each other, reamers in said recesses, a transverse pin upon which said reamers are pivoted, said pin passing through said head, its ends abutting against the inner surface of the cylinder, a bit secured to said head, and a spring in a transverse aperture in the bit-head, the ends of said spring abutting against said reamers to extend the same, substantially as described.

6. In combination with a drill-rod and a drill-bit, a reamer pivotally mounted in the bit-head, a spring for normally extending said reamer, and a gate pivotally secured to said reamer and moving therewith in front of the cavity in which said reamer reciprocates to close the same, substantially as described.

7. In combination with the drill-rod and the drill-bit, a reamer pivoted in the bit-head, and a gate extending below the reamer and in front of the cavity in which the reamer reciprocates to close the same, said gate being pivoted to the sides of the reamer, and a stop holding said gate in place, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ABRAM F. DARLING.

Witnesses:

W. E. SMITH, AMBROSE HARRIS.

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