US767490A - Dirigible torpedo. - Google Patents

Description

No. 767,490. PATENTED AUG. 16,1904.

' 1). w. MoGAUGHEY.

-DIRIGIBLE TORPEDO.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20, 1902. N0 MODEL.

2 SHBBTBSHEBT .1.

PATENTED AUG. 16; 1904 D. W. YMUGAUGHEY. DIRIGIBLE TORPEDO. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20, 1902- 2 SHEETS- SHEET 2 N0 MODEL.

iJNIrnn STATES Patented. August 16, 1904.

PATENT QFFICE.

DIRIGIBLE TORPEDO.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 767,490, dated August 16, 1904.

Application filed March 20, 1902. Serial No. 99,115. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: Be it known. that I, DAVID WILEY Mo- OAUGHEY, a citizen of the United States, re-- siding at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Di rigible Torpedoes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of torpedoes which is provided with self-contained mechanism by which the movements thereof may be controlled, and particularly to that class of torpedoes which is arranged to be controlled-that is, moved through the water in any desired direction by electrically-actu ated mechanisms, all of which willlmore fully hereinafter appear. I

The principal object of the invention is to provide a simple, economical, and efiicient ture of which is attached directly to the shaft i electrically-controlled torpedo.

.A further object of the invention is to provide a torpedo with electrically-actuated mech. anisms connected with the shore-line with but a single insulated wire and arranged and con.-

structed in such a manner as .to be operated, directed, and, controlled from the shore by means of the electric current passing through said wire. w

' The invention consists,further and finally, in the features, combinations, and details of construction hereinafter described and claimed. In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view showing my improved controlling devices as they appear when-used in connection with the torpedo. Fig. 2' is a plan sectional view of one form of torpedo as it appears when constructed in accordance with these improvements. Fig. 3 is a side elevation, I partly in section, of the same; and Fig. 4: is an enlarged sectional detail of the upper part of spool-holding'rod shown in the lower part of Fig. 3, as will be more fully hereinafter explained. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic illustration of the reversible motor whichis used to turnthe rudder. a

In theart to which this inventionrc'lates it is well known that it is highly desirable to provide a means by which anexplosive torpedo may be launched from the shore or from a vessel'and directed toward a given mark and exploded by contact therewith or at any desired point adjacent thereto. To accomplish this result, various devices and expedients have been used, some of which give more or less satisfaction and all of which contain objections which render their use somewhat undesirable. This invention, therefore, is designed principally to overcome as many objections of the prior art as possible and provide asimple, economical, and eflicient torpedo, which may be controlled from the shore by the use of a.

single conducting-line which conveys currents of various intensities to the mechanism and is arranged to operate. the desired mechanism, and thereby direct and control the movements of the torpedo, as will be hereinafter more fully explained. I

In Fig. 1, A is an electric motor, the arma- 8 of the propeller. (See Figs. 2 and 3.) B is an electric motorwhose armature is attached to the shaft 2, (see Fig. 2,) upon which there is aworm which operates in a worm-wheel 3, Fig, 2, thereby operating shaft 4 and worm 5. Worm 5 works in worm-wheel 6, Fig. 2, which is attached to rudder post 27.

Electric motor manner'that the direction of the motion of its armature depends upon the direction of the current-that is to say, if a direct current will cause "its armature to' revolve from left to right then an inverse current will cause its armature to revolve from right to left. tric motor A is constructed in such a manner that its armature will revolve in the samedirection no matter whether-a direct or inverse current is used. It is apparent, therefore, that when an electric current passes through Eleo-' the motor A the propeller 1 will always ro-' tate in the same direction tha t is, so as to propel the torpedo forward. It is also apparent that the rudder 85, Fig. 3, will swing either to theright or the left, its motion depending upon the direction of the current which passes through motor B.

I will now describe the mechanism by means of which the motor B, which controls the working of the-rudder, can be out into or out of the circuit at the will of the operator, the opera- B Is constructed in such a battery or a dynamo, located on shore.

tor thus being enabled to control the direction ner with its forward motion. I

In Fig. 1, C is an automatically-operated switch, which, with the motors A and B, is I located in the torpedo. This switch 0 is composed of a number of segments which are alternately conductors and non-conductors and which are arranged, as shown in the diagram, 1 in two concentric circles. The conductingsegments of the outer circle are 9, 10, 11, and 12. The. conducting-segments. of the inner circle are 13, 14, 15, and 16. The switch has 1 the conducting-arm and brush 17 extending from a pivot 18 at its center and which connects successively with the segments above enumerated and which is operated by a ratchet 81, which is moved in a step-by-step manner bymeans of an armature-lever 19, which is arranged in such a manner as to be operated by the magnet D when D is energized. Around the outer edge of the switch (1 are two concentric conductors 2O and-21. 20 has metallic connection with the outer conducting-segments 9, 10, 11, and 12 through wires 22, 23, 24, and 25, respectively. Conductor 21 has metallic connection, as shown in the diagram, with the conducting-segments of the inner circle 13, 14, 15, and 16, respectively, through the wires 26, 27, 28, and 29, respectively. The conducting-segments of the outer circle are constructed in such a manner that no radius drawn from the center of pivot 18 to any part of any of said conducting-segments 9, 10, 11, and 12 can pass through or touch any part of said segments 13, 14, 15, or 16, and no radius drawn from the center of said pivot 18 to any part of said conducting-segments 13, 14, 15, and 16 can pass through any part of said segments 9, 10, 11, and 12.

.E is an indicator located on the shore and used solely to enable the operator to know the position of the switch arm or brush 17. Ratchet 30 corresponds with ratchet 81 of the switch above described. Ratchet 30 is operated by armature-lever 80, which is arranged adjacent to and operated by magnet F. Arm 32 corresponds to arm 17 of the switch, and the relative positions of 32 and 17 are always the same. The segments of the indicator correspond with the segments of the switch, the segments 33, 35, 37, and 39 corresponding with the segments 13, 14, 15, and 16 of the switclr and the segments 34, 36, 38, and 40 of themdicator corresponding with segments 1O, 11, 12, and 9 of the switch.

G is a source of electrical power, either a of the torpedo without interfering in any man- H is a key for making and breaking the circuit. I is a switch for reversing the current. E, F, G, H, and I are located on the shore. l A, B, C, and I) are located in the torpedo. I will now describe the method of operating l the above mechanism. 1 l

The current starts from the battery G, passes through Wire 4 to magnet F, energizing it,

thence through wire 42 to switch-arm 43, thence to button 44, thence through wire 45 to magnet D, which it energizes, thence to wire 46 to the pivot 18, thence through switch-arm and brush 17 to switch-segment 13, thence through wire 26 to conductor 21, thence through wire 47 to motor B, thence through wire 48 to motor A, thence through Wire 49 to the water at 50, and thence through the water and land to 51, thence by wire 52 to button 53, thence by arm 54 and wire 55 to key H, thence through wire 56 back to-the battery.

WVhen the current flows in the direction as above described, the motors A and B areboth operated. Motor A will propel the torpedo forward, While motor B will move the rudder 8. (See Figs. 2 and 3.)

The motor B is constructed in such a manner that if a direct current will cause its armature to revolve from the left to right an inverse current will cause its armature to revolve from right to left. The operator is thus enabled by means of the switch I to use either a direct or an inverse current, and thereby turn the rudder either to the left or to the right, as desired.

' Ichoose to call the current above described a direct current, and in this description we will suppose that the direct current afie'cts the motor in such a manner as to turn its armature in such a direction that the rudder 8 is turned to the left and the inverse current will act to turn the rudder 8 to the right. Let us suppose that the mechanism remains exactly in the position shown in Fig. 1, except switch I, which we will suppose to be .in such position that its arm 54 is in contact with button 57 of the switch and the arm 43 is in contact with button 53 of the switch. The current will then flow through the motors A and B in 'an opposite direction--that is to say, the current will leave the battery G by wire 4, pass through magnet F, wire 42, arm 43, button 53, wire 52 to the ground at 51, thence through the ground and water to 50, thence through wire 49, motor A, wire 48, motor B, wire 47, conductor 21, wire 26, segment 13, switch-brush and arm 17, wire 46, magnet D, wire '45, wire 58 to button 57, thence through arm 54 and wire 55,

key H and wire 56 back to the battery. This current last described I choose to call an inverse current.

The mechanism is arranged in such a manner that when the current is passing through the circuit, as represented in Fig. 1, the magnets D and F are energized, and the corresponding armature-levers'19 and 80 are attracted" to them, as represented in Fig. 1. When, however, the current is broken, the magnets I) and F are deenergized, and the springs 59 and 58 draw the corresponding armature-levers l9 and 80 away from D and E,

lIO

into contact, respectively,

respectively.

levers 19 and 80 turning upon their respective pivots S2 and 83 the ratchets 81 and 30 are operated in a step-by-step manner by making and breaking the circuit.

Now suppose the mechanism is in the same positionas represented in Fig. 1 and the operator has moved the rudder to the desired position and desires to cut the motor B out of the circuit,-so that the torpedo may-still be propelled forward without changing its direction. In order to do this, the current is broken for an instant by pressing down the key H. The armature-levers 19 and 80 being no longer attracted by the magnets D and F will be drawn down to their normal positions against stop-pins and 7 0. As soon as the current is allowed to flow, however, by removing the pressure from the key H the magnets D and F are again energized and attract their respective armatures, and thereby operating the ratchets 81 and 30 in such a manner as to throw the arms 17 and 32 around with segments 9 and 40. Supposing the switch I to be in the position as shown in Fig. land the switchlever 17 to be in contact with segment 9, the current will then flow from the battery G through wire 4, magnet F, wire 42, arm 43, button 44, wire 45, magnet 1)., wire 46, switcharm 17 to segment 9 of the switch, thence by wire 22 to conductor 20, thence through wire 71 and wire 48 to motor A, thence through wire 49 to the water at 50, thence through water and land to 51, thence through wire 52, button 53, arm 54, wire 55, key H, and wire 56 backto the battery. It will therefore be seen that when the switch-lever 17 is in contact with segments 9, 10, 11, or 12 ofthe switch the current will flow through the motor A, but will not flow through the motor B, and it will also 'be seen that when switch-arm 17 is in contact with segments 13, 14, 15, and 16 of. the switch the current will flow through both of the motors A and B. Inasmuch as the position of the arm 32 always corresponds with the position of the switch-lever 17, the operator is enabled at all times to tell whether one or both of the motors are in operation and ,which direction the rudder is being turned. By use of the switch I and key H the operator is enabled to use at will either motor A alone or motors A and'B together and either a direct or inverse current, and is thereby enabled to turn the torpedo either to right or left without interfering with its forward motion.

In order that the flow of current may not be interrupted while the switch-brush 17 is passing from one segment of the switch to another, the switch-brush 17 is made so broad that in passing from one segment to another- (for 1nstance,'from segment 13 to segment 22) therewill bean instant of time when it will be in contact with-two segments, during,

In consequence of armaturealways pass The switchwhich time the current will through both motors A and B.

brush is made so narrow, it is at rest, as represented in the drawings, Fig. 1, it will never be in contact with more than one conducting-segment, so that the switch-brush can be brought to rest in such a position as to cause the current to pass through either one or both of the motors at the will of the operator.

To provide means for holding the electric conducting-wire, which may be taken as wire 45 of the drawings, I meter to put the spool K, containing the shown in Fig. 3. Near the end of the wire, as at 71, Fig. 4, said spool is connected, by means of a button 72, with the brush 73, and from thence the current passes to the motors, so that as the torpedo is moved out there will be little or no drag of Wire. The spool K is worked either upon a pointed pivot or ballbearings, so as to cause as little friction as possible and should be inclosed in a funnellike apartment 84, Figs. 2 and 3, with an opening at 74 suflicient to allowthe Wire 45 to pass, which opening should be well back toward the stern of the torpedo in order to facilitate the unwinding of the spool KL It may be placed on. the land and the wire be paid out automatically as the torpedo is directed or controlled.

Reversible motors are well known in common use. In Fig. 5', however, I, have illustrated diagrammatically a reversible motor mechanism, including a'switch 130, such asI employ and which may be said to constitute a portion of such motor mechanism.

I will now describe the manner of revers: ing the motion of thearmature of the motor B. (See Fig. 1.)

In Fig. 5, B is a of motor B, as Fig. 1, and which is used to turn the rudder in the desired direction, as here'inbefore described. s

In Fig. 5, 100 is a soft-iron wire-wound magnet, and 101 is a permanently-magnetized portion of a pivoted armature-bar 102 ener gized and'placed adjacent tosuch magnet in such a manner that the pole nearest the magdiagrammatic illustration magnet is energized by a direct current.

When the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 5, with electric current flowing from battery G through wire 47, (see Fig. 1,) thence around magnet 100, energizing. same, armature 101 will be attracted and drawn down into contact with in Fig. 5. I The current will then flow from magnet 100 through wire 104;thence through pivoted armature-bar 102 to contact-post 105 l and through the same; thence through contact-spring 106; thence through wire 107 and i around field-magnet 108, energizing it; thence same, in the torpedo, as

should be understood, however, that the spool magnet 100, as shownv however, that when described in connection with net will'be attracted thereby whenever the 11 1, contact-spring 112, post 113, post 1145,

i spring 115, wire: 116 to land around armature describedgf The armature and field magnets of motor ,rectione that j the rudder to :said motorB HNowit' it 's; i :left to right peia or I switch (366 Fig. 1,). SG'

, l currentwill now flow thr opposite direction to that I hence wiilfiow arouii l; j z =rectionzas to cause it'to repel 'ar 3 j untilarmaturebar l willbe in centactwitli spring 119,122. and 1 I g respectiveil, 113', and'11st ands n tively; will be broken;

, and 5,; thence around. armatur 'Inagnets117, ei iergizing same thence thrcuigh wire 48 to: motor A, and thence through wire, i

battery G, as herembefo're t9 and back to l fence through wire contactwlth springs 122 and 125.

B are wound in Such a manner as to cause at .mature-magnets ll'i'to revolve in a given diin such a; direction as to cause turn from right to left when Q g tor B, (shown in Fig.1 1,) including the switch I mechanism is operated by a desired: t

direct; current.

into contact withbiii tton last described; fanc 7 0 1 00111 maturdbari I 102 impinges against pin] magnets 11?,

energizing same, thence through :wire 116,'

Y 107, thence around held-magnet L108, EDGIg'IZ" ing'same, thence through wire 109, thence around magnet 110, energizing same, thence through wire 111 and 120 to spring 119, thence through post 118, bar 122, Wire 104, around magnet 100, energizing same, as hereinbet'ore described, thence through wire 17 and back to the battery G in manner hereinbct'ore described.

It will be seen that the inverse current passes around the armature 117 in an opposite direction to, the direct current, the result being that the respective poles of the armaturemagnets 117 will be reversed with reversal'of current. It is also apparent that the direct current and inverse currents will flow around field-magnets 108 and 110 in the same direction, and that. therefore the polarity of the field-magnets will remain the sa whether a direct or inverse current be used, the resultbeing that the direction of the motion of the armature 117 will be reversed when the direction of the actuation-currentis reversed, as hereinbefore suggested. Posts 105 and 118, Fig. 5, are so adjusted with reference to springs 106 and 119, respectively, 1hat while magnet 101 is moving between nagnet 100 and pin 127, as hereinbeforc de scribed, there is an instant of time when each )f said posts is in contact with its respective pring, and in like manner there is an instant If time when posts 113 and 11% are in contact i 123 -fl 2. i

' l30,lisf used I in connection therewith,

hearmaturei of motorsA'willaiways ro whether or, inverse current is used, because i the actuating :currentffiowingj around its field I "and armature magnets will I always be corre d simultaneously reversed, the

me, nomatter,

such adie see i gly an ire 1226, spring 1,25,, metalhca', connected posts 124 and l I :spring'122, wire 1:21, wire l l l l with springs; 112;

riods' of double: contact, however,

comes to rest, either by.

d ,115,= respectively, and

an instanutor when; movable armature-bar 1052 impin in up n p 1 1.27 or bymagnet101 impmgingagainst mag net 100, there, will be a; contact between the respective posts and of movable bar .102.

springs on. one side only, P0sts113 and 1:14 and posts l23 and 124:: are V respectively;

fromibar 102.

} eans ofwhich the. direction 3 T ZU Q n Fig; "5 I irate intent-eds tissue at;

of, such motor: isreversed, and} whichswitehmechanismmaythereforebegsaid jg I 11Gb?) essentialpart of anjordinary reversi-- i 1 I bl 'rnojtor mechanism t willbe understood, I I

p ,7 y I that this or an inowjn; form of; reversible motor T mechanism may beemployed.

i trio meters aindno switch? ads-a ordinaryland well i and; switch 1 I j I j The is the ordinary type of eIec-E 2 E i I mechanismnsuch as j j TllBTQ- resultant efi'ec tflbeing the same as though'nei f Z I ther hadbeen-reversed,

electromagnetic mechanism for operating such switch to supply current to one or both of such motors, substantially as described.

2. In a torpedo of the class described, the combination of propelling and rudder mechanism, electric motors for operating the same, a single line-wire connecting the same With the land and with a source of electric energy, a stepby -step switch interposed between the motors and the source of electric energy, and electromagnetic mechanism for operatingsuch switch to supply current to one or both of such motors, substantially as described.

3. In a torpedo of the class described, the combination of propellingand rudder mechanism, a motor connected with the propelling mechanism, a motor connected 'with the rudder mechanism, a step-by-step switch con nected with both such motors, a single linewire connecting such switch with the shore and with a source of electric current, and electromagnetic mechanism for operating such switch to supply current to one or both of such motors, substantially as described.

4. In a torpedo of the class described, the combination of propelling mechanism, rudder mechanism, a motor connected with the propelling mechanism, a motor, connectedwith the rudder mechanism, an electric conductingwire connecting both of such motors together,

a 'step-by-step switch electrically connected with such motors in series and between the same,

' with'the shore and with the source of electric current, and means for operating such switch to make and break the electric 'circuit and supply current to one orboth of such motric conducting-wire connecting ally connected with both of such motors,

tors, substantially as described.

5. In a torpedo of combination of propelling mechan1sm,'rudder mechanism, an electric motor connected with the propelling mechanism, an electric motor nected with such motors in series and with the propeller-motor alone, a single line-wire-connecting such step by step switch with the shore and with a sourceofel'ectric current, and

electromagnetic mechanisms for operating the step-by-step switch to make and break the circuit so as to supply current to both of such motors or to the propeller-motor alone, substantially as described.

6. In a torpedo of the class described, the

combination 9f propelling mechanism, rudder mechanism, an electric motor connected with the propelling mechanism, an electric motor connected with the rudder mechanism, electric conducting-wires connecting both of such motors together, step-by-step switch electi'id e ectromagnetic mechanism for operating the step-by-step switch,

a single line-wire electrically connecting the step-by-step switch with the shore and with a source of currentsupply, and a key for making and breaking such circuit to energize and deenergize the electromagnetic mechanism and cause the operation of the stepby-step switch, substan' tially as described.

7 In a torpedo of the class described, the combination of propelling mechanism, rudder mechanism, an ele'ctromotor for such propelling mechanism, an electric motor for such rudder mechanism, a step-by-step switch elec-' trically connected with both of such motors in series and with the propelling-motor alone, electromagnetic mechanism for operating such step-by-step switch, a single line-wire connecting such electromagnetic mechanisms with the shore and with a source of electric current, a key for making and breaking such main line to energize and deenergize the magnets and cause the operation of the parts, and a dummy switch or indicator on the shore set synchronously with the switch on the torpedo and electrically connected with the main line and operated by the making and breaking of the circuit therein, substantially as described.

8. In a torpedo of the class described, the

a single line-wire connectingsuch switch I the class described, the

combination of propeller mechanism, rudder mechanism, an electric motor connected with the propeller mechanism arranged to run in one direction without regard to the direction of the current-supply, a motor connected with the rudder mechanism. arranged to be reversed with the direction of current-supply, a stepby-st'ep switch electrically connecting sue motors together in series and connected with the propeller alone, electromagnetic mechanisms for operating the stepby-step switch, a single line-wire connecting the electromag 'netic mechanisms and step-bystep switch with the shore, a key or similar element forma-king and breaking the main line, and a reversingswitch in such main line intermediate the l source of current-supply and the step-by-step switch to change the direction of the current, i substantially as described. a

9. In a torpedo of the class described, the combination of propeller mechanism, rudder l mechanism, an electric motor connected with 1 the propeller mechanism arranged to run in I one direction without regard to the direction of the current-supply, a motor connected with l the rudder mechanism arranged to be reversed with the direction of current-supply, a stepby-step switch electrically connecting such motors together in series and connected with the propeller motor alone, electromagnetic mechanisms for operating the step-by -step switch, a single line-wire connecting the electromagnetic mechanisms and step-by-step switch with the shore, a'key or similar element for making and breaking the main line, a reversing-switch in such main line interme diate the source of current-supply and the step-by-step switch to change the direction of the current, a dummy indicating-switch on the shore, and electromagnetic mechanisms for operating the same connected with the main line and arranged to be' operated as the circuit is made or broken therein, substantially as described.

10. In a torpedo of the class described,the combination of a propeller mechanism, rudder mechanism, an electric motor connected with the propeller mechanism arranged to run constantly in one direction and without regard to the direction of current-supply, a second motor connected with the rudder mechanism arranged to be rotated and reversed as the direction of current-supply is changed, a stepby-stcp switch provided with two concentric sets of conducting-segments one set of such segments electrically connected with and connecting both of such motors in series'and the other set of segments electrically connected with the propelling-motor alone, a switch-lever arranged to pass over such segments and i be alternately and electrically connected witl a conducting-segment first in one set and ther in the other, electromagnetic mechanisms to] rotating such switch-lover in a step-by-stey l manner, a single line-wire connecting sucl electromagnets and the step-by-step switch lever with the shore and with a source of current-supply, a key for'making and breaking the circuit in such line and energizing and deenergizing the electromagnetic mechanism to operate'the same, and a reversing-switch in such main line intermediate the electromagnetic mechanisms and the source of currentsupply to change the direction of the current, substantially as described.

11. In a torpedo of the class described, the combination of propeller mechanism, rudder mechanism, an electric motor connected with the propeller mechanism arranged to run constantly in one direction and Without regard to the direction of current-supply, a second motor connected with the rudder mechanism arranged to be rotated and reversed as the direction of current-s11 pply is changed, a stepby-step switch provided with two concentric sets of cond uctin'gsegments-one set of such segments electrically connected with and connecting both of such motors in series and the other set of segments electrically connected with the propelling-motor alone, a switch-lever arranged to pass over such segments and be alternately and electrically connected with a conducting-segment first in one electromagnetic mechanisms for rotating such switch-lever in a step-by-step manner, a single line-wire connecting such electromagnets and the step-by-step switch-lever with the sliore and with a source of current-supply, a key for making and breaking the circuit in such line and energizing and denergizing the electromagnetic mechanism to operate the same, a reversing-switch in such main line intermediate the electromagnetic mechanisms and the source of current-supply to change the'direction of the current, a dummy indicating step-by-step switch, electromagnetic mechanisms for operating the same connected with the main line and arranged to be energized and deenergized by the making and breaking of the circuit therein, substantially;

is described.-

12. In a torpedo of the class described, the :ombination of propelling mechanism, rudder set and then in the other, I

I mechanism, an electric motor connected'with j the propelling mechanism arranged to rotate i in one direction without regard to the direction of current-supply, a second electric motor connected with the rudder mechanism and arranged to have its rotation reversed as the direction ofcurrent is reversed, a stepby-step switch provided with two concentric circlesofswitchsegmentsalternatelyopposed, the conducting-segments in one circle being arranged opposite the spaces formed between the segments in the other circle, means electrically connecting the conducting switch-segments in one circle with both of motors, means electrically connecting the con ducting switch-segments in the'othcr circle with the propelling-motor alone, a rotatable switch-lever arranged to contact the cond ucting switch segments in each circle alternatelyfirst a conducting-segment in one circle and then a conducting-segment in the other circleand be out of electric contact with the switch-segments in the opposed circle, ratchetand-pawl mechanism for operating the switchlever in a step-by-step manner, electromagnetic mechanisms for operating the pawl-andratchet mechanism, a single line of wire connecting the electromagnetic mechanisms and the step-by-step' switch mechanism with the shore and a source of current-supply, a key "for making and breaking the circuit in such single, main line, a reversin -switch intermediate the source of current-supply and the electric motors for changing the direction of current in the main line, a dummy indicating.- switch provided with an indicating lever-arm arranged to be operated in a step-by-step manner, pawland-ratchet mechanism for opl crating the same, a second electromagnetic device for operating the pawl-and-ratchet mechanism of the dummy and meanselectrically connecting the second electromagnetic device with the main line so that it may be operated as the circuitis made indicator-switch,

and broken therein, substantially as described.

DAVID \VILEY MOCAUGHEY. Witnesses:

THOMAS F. SHERIDAN, HARRY IRWIN URoMna.

the electric

Images