US670278A - Reversing apparatus for electrical device. - Google Patents

Description

No. 670,278; Patented Mar. l9, l90l.

R. J. HUGHES & B. SHAW. REVERSING APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICAL DEVICES.

(Application fllnd Oct 13, 1900.)

[No Mod l.) v 3 Sheath-Shani WITNESSES." INVE 1 9058?? a fi t alaww/ g m aw Arroswns No. 670,278. Patented lllar. I9, 1901, R. J. HUGHES &"A. B. SHAW.

REVERSINE APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICAL DEV ICE$.

(Lppliution fllad Oct. 13, 1900. (No Model.) 3 Sheels$heot 2.

WITNESSES IN VENTORJ fia5eriJ/fzgfipa fiiarandezflxf, aw

ATTORNEYS R. J. HUGHES &. A. B. SHAW.

REVERSIHG APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICAL DEVICE S.

(Application filed Oct. 1a. 1900. (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3,.

WITNESSES IN VE N T0196 A TTOHNEYS Patented Mar. l9, |90l.

2; our invention and applied to a motor.

U N ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT .lOSlClll llUGlIES' AND ALEXANDER BRUCE SIIAW, OF DUQUESNE,

PENNSYLVA Iii-IA.

REVERSING APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICAL DEVlCES.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent N0. 670,278, dated March 19, 1901.

Application filed October 13, 1900. stun lla. 82,9 69. (H model.) A

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ROBERT JOSEPH HUGHES and ALEXANDER BRUCE SHAW, citizensof the United b tates,and residents of Duquesne, in the county of Allegheny and State of. Pennsylvania have invented a new and Improved Reversing Apparatus for Electrical Devices, of which the following is a'fulhclear, and exact description. v

Onr invention relates to electrical reversing devices, and has for its object to provide sijnple and sensitive. device of this class -whii;h will beapplica hle to two-wire electrical -systems,"which will change its position auto matically, and which may be readily adjusted.

The in vent-ion will be fully described here inafter and the features of novelty pointed on! in the claims. 7

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming-a part of this specification,

in which similar characters of reference indicate 'correspomlin; parts in an the figures.

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a reversing apparaius constructed according to Fig. 2 slio\\-s the same apparatus in the reversed position. Figs. and 4 are elevations of the reversing device proper in two different positions. Fig.6 is a diagram of the circuit of the reversing-coils, and Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the arrangement of circuits for a shunt-motor.

The apparatus comprisesa permanent magnet A, between the curved pole-pieces of' which an armature Bis mounted to turn in supports 0, which when secured to the mag net, as shown should be of a non-magnetic material. '1 re armature B ismounted upon a. shaft D, carrying an arm 1), upon which 40 isadjnst-ahle lengthwise an electromagnet E. This electromagne't comprises a spool E, with a magnetizing-coil E a cure E, and preferably a shell E in magnetic connection with the OOIQ'EB. The latter is ap'erturcd for the 45. passage of the narrow non-magnetic portion Fpf a magneticpluuger F, a spring G being interposed between the core E. and the wide portion F of the plunger to force the latter outwardly in the clectromagnet E. Acrosspin F of tho plu'ugerlimitsits outward movement. The shaft D should he horizontal, or

approximately so, so that the elect-romagnet E will have a tendency to gravitate into the central position. (Shown by dcttsdlines in Fig. 3.) The magnet E is adapted to be locked in this position by a stationary latch H engaging the beveled outer end of the plunger portion F. plunger portion by latches H H, located at the sides of the permanent magnet A. Each of the latches H H H is adjustable inward and outward to correspond to the adjustment of the electromagnet E on the arm D'.

An insulating-block I, secured to the magnet. A or to any other suitable stationary support, carries-two brushes J J, engaging collectors K K, secured on the shaft D, but insulated therefrom. One of these-the collector K-is connected by a wire K with the armature-coil B, while the other collector, K, is connected liy'"a wire K with the coil E,

. the latter being connected with the armaturecoil liy'a wire K, so that the coils E and B are connected in series. The otherend of three contact-plates L L, of which the outer plates L are in electrical connection with each other, but insulated from the central plate L: Adjacent to these plates is a plate Mot a length about equal to the aggregate length of the plates L L'-. On the other side-of the plate M are located two plates N N,- insulated from each other, All these plates are adapted to be engaged by four contact arms or brushes 0 O O O, secured to a support I and insulated therefrom. The plate M is made of'fiber or other ihsulating material and has .for its purpose to provide a smooth and almost continuous path for the brushes 0 0' 0 0 in their passage from the sebof contact-plates L L to the set of contact-plat s N N Q is a motor of any-suitable type havin field-coils Q, an armature Q, and brushes Q for carrying the current to the armature.

R is a reversirig-controller of suitable construction, comprising, for instance, resistance-sections R R R R, two sets of which are connected by wires R R, and a reversing-switch R operated by a lever R and having its opposite ends insulated from each The beveled inner end of the. F is adapted to he engaged the shaft D carries a reversing-switch having otherand connected by wires R R with hinding-posts connected by wires S S with the terminals of a dynamo or other electric generator.

The other-electrical connections are as follows: From the resistauce'sectio'hs R R wires 511 S lead, respectively, to the'brush O and to one of the brushes Q Each of these wires has a branch SS leading to the'brushes J J, so-as to'form a shunt-circuit S J K K 13' K E K K J S". The other brush Q is .connected'hy a. wire S with the brush The ends of the field-coils Q are connected by wires S" S 'with the brushes 0' respectivelyi. i

The operation is as follows; Assuming-the controller to brain the position shown in Fig. 1, the current passes to the line and to the motor as follows: wires S and R switch R resistance-section R, wire R", resistance-section R ,'wire S brush 0 plate L, bru sh O',' wire 8, coils Qflwire S brush 0, the two plates L, (since these two are always elec trically connect ed,) brush 0, wire S, brushes Q,-.-'and armature Q wire S, resistance-section R, switch R and wiresv R0 S. At the same time a portion of the current is sh unted from the wires S S to pass through the wire S, brush .l'ficollector K, wire K coil E .wire K, coil-l5, wire 'K", collector ring K, brush J, and wire S. It will be seen that the field-coils and the armature-coils of the mo-' tor are connected in series. The current in the shu'nt-circuit energizes the armature'B and the magnet E. The magnetization of the armature B produces a. torque sufiicient to hold the arm D in equilibrium, or about so,

in the position shown. The energizing of the magnet E causes the-plunger F F to be drawn into the coil E so that the beveled end of the section '1 is-held against the latch H The arrn D' therefore remains locked so long as the current passes through the circuit. Should the circuit be opened, the spring G will force .the plungerF F'out ofengagement with the latch H and releasethe'hrm I), which wjll then drop to the central position.

-(Illustrated by dotted lines in Fig. 3.) The plunger will first yield and then snap'into theJatoh H, thus locking the arin D in the central-position. In this position the four brushes 0 O O 0, engage the insulating plate M and are therefore disconnected from each other electrically. -Should the circuit 5 then be closed again, the current will pass reversibility is desi red.

two wires (S 8*) will sufiice. The controller ll, so thatt-he a'rm I) is free to swing. The magnet E serves not only to unlock the-arm D" from the central position, but acts. as a weight governing the angular motion of the shaft D. By a proper adjustmentof theanagnet on the arm l.). .and of the latches l1 l1 I1 aver y sensitive action can, be' obtained. Should the controller be brought into the position-shown in, Fig. 2, the arm -D', with the magnet E, will swing to the right-,as shown in-Fig. 4, l'n-ingiug the brushes 0 O on the plate N and the brushes 0 O on the plate N. The circuit will then be as follows: wires S and R switch R", resistance-sect ion R wi re. R, resistance-section R, wire Sflbrushes Q ra'nd armature Q wire S brush 0, date,

N, brush 0, wire S", coils Q, wire S brush 0, plate N, brush 0, wire 8*, resistancese'ct ion R", switch R", wire B',,a n.d wire S".

The. current passes through the field-coils in the same directionas before, but in the op posite'direction through the arl'natnre-coils, thereby reversing the motor. In'the shunt.- circuitcontaining the armature-coils B and the electromaguet-coils E the current flows in'th-e opposite direction to that described with reference to Fig. 1; The action of the magnet E is the same as before--v.iz.,'to keep the plunger E F' against the latch, (11" in this case while the armature B, being now ofopposite' polarity, turns in the opposite direc tion to that before described.

ally-operated travelers. These are generallyoperated with four conducting-wires where \Vith our invention is stationary'thatis; it is not mounted upon the traveler which carries the motor Qand is located at any suitable plac ethat is, the traveler carries the motor Q, which drives it and the reversing device consisting of the magnetA and the parts connected therewith. The traveler, with the reversing-device, runs on a' suitable track, as usual, and receives its current from the stationary wires 8* S, which extend along the track, or the track-rails themselves may be usedasponductors. The current is taken ofi the said'wires by brushes -or'trollcy-wheels,.as usual. The controller R'is stationary, as above stated, and located; at a place where it is readily accessible,'so' that the direction .i n which the t ravelcr moves, as well as the starting of the traveler, may be controlled at a distance. It will be u'nde rstood that the motor is readily started and reversed and that'the operation of the reverslug-switch constituted by the brushes 0-0 0 O and the plates L L NN'on the shaft D is entirely automatic upon the manual orot-her operation of the controller.

We desire it to be understood that variousmodifications may be made without departing-from the nature of our invention. Thus the rocking armature B may control a reverslng-switcl1 of a different type from that shown Patnt- 0 are connected by wircss and 3, respec-' tively, with the brushes Q. We also wish it to he understood that the magnet A might be an electromagnet having its coil in series with the coil B of the armature B,'or a per-.

manent magnet might be substituted for ti 9 electromagnetic armature B. This revel-sat? obviously would not affect the operation and is covered in the claims as an equivalent.

Having thus describedour invention, we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters 1. An electric apparatus, compr sing. a twowire 'line, a reversing-controller for connect in; the terminals of an electric generator interchangeably with said wires, a translating device connected with said wires, a magnet,?

a rocking armature in the field of said mag-fnet, :1 shunt circnit including the coils olsaid armature, contact-plates held to turn in unison with the armature, hrushes arranged to engage said plates, and connections from-the said brushes to the line and to the translating device, so arranged as to reverse the trans lating device when the armature swings from one side-to the other.

2. An electric apparatus, com prising a two- 'wire line, a reversing-controller for connectin; the terminals of an electric generator inierchangeahly withsaid wires, an electric motor having field-coils and armatnrecoils, four contact-brushes,-two of which areYonnect-ed with the ends of the field-coils, the third with one terminal of the arn'iature-coils, and the fourth with one of the line-wires, while the other terminal of the miniature-coils is 'connected with the other line-wire, a magnet, an

armature mounted toturn in the field of said magnet, a shunt-citcuitfrom the line-wires to the coils of this arn'iature, and contact plates held to turn in unison 'with the armature and arranged to he engaged hy said brushes, the plates hcin; disposed in two sets one or the oihorof which is adapted to en-. gage said brushes according to the position of the armature, one set being constructed to establish the followiugcotincctions: from the hrushronncctcd with the lino-Wire to one of the brushes connected with the field-coils of the. motor, and lrozn the other brush connected with 'i h'i- 'ii uldmoils of the motor, to the brush vouum-u-d. with thearmaturocuils of the motor; while the other set of contact..- phitcs is ad'iplml to establish the following conticct ions: from the ln'ushcohm-ctcd with armatu re-coils, andfrom the other brush connected with the field-coils to the brush connected with the armature-coils.

.ter 'ihangeahlynrith said wires, an electric motor: having field-coils and armature-coils,

field of said' -magnet, a shunt-circuit from the line-wirest-o thecoils of this armature, conmature and arranged to he engaged: by said brushes, the plates being disposed in two sets adapted to engage said brushes according to the position of't-he armature, and an insulattac-t-plates and adapted to engage allth'e r-co'nfact-plates' being constructed to establish the following connections; from the brush connected with the line-wire .to one of the brushes connected with the field-coils of'the niotor, and from theoiher brush connected with the field coils of the motor, to the brush connected with the armatnrecoils of the motor, while the other set of contact-plates is adapted to establish ,the following connecline-wire to that hrush connected with the "field-coils which by the first-mentionedsci of contact-plates is connected with the armatore-coils, and from the other brush connected with'ihe field-coils to the brush connected with thearimiturecoils.

4. An electric appz'n'at-irs, com prisinga twowire line, a rovers-ing-controllcr for connectin;: the terminals of an electric generator interchangeahly with said wines, a' translating device connected with said wires, a magnet, arocking armature in the field of said magnet, a shunt-circuit including the coils of said armature, latches arranged to hold the armature in its several positions, circuit-changinc plates held to turn with the armature, brushes arranged to engage saidplates, and

and to the translating device, so arranged as to reverse the translating device when the armature swings 'f'roi't i'onc side to the other.

5. An electric apparatus, com prising,' a twowire line, a reversitug-controller for connectd'evice connected withsaid wit-cs, a magnet,

arnmture, latches arranged to hold the armathc lincwirc to'that brush connected with imi-e in itssevcral 1msitions, olectriimlly-ippthe iit-ld coils whiclr hy the iirst-mentionedl ernted latch-controlling devices included in set of contact-plates is connected with the- 3. An electric apparatus, comprisinga two-' wire line, a reversing-controller for connect; ing the terminals of an electric gB|I5rai.Ot.'-. lli-\ ing-plate arranged between said sets of con-- t-ions: from the ln-us'h connected with the.

connections from the said brushes to the line it-rocking armature in the lield of said mag; net, a shunt-circuit including the coils of said.

four contact heu shes'two of which areconheated with the ends of the field-coils, t ey, third with one'fis'gminal of, the armatu re-coils," and th'e ffonrth with one of the line-wires,- e other terminaLof the"arma;turc f coils isscehnected with the other line-'w ire, a;-- magnet-fa iQ'arinatnre mounted to turn in the e tact-plates held to turn in unison with the ar brushes simultaneously, one of the sets .of T

ing the terminals of an electric generator intcrchangeahly with said wires, a translating terchangeably with said Wires, atranslating device connected with said wires, a magnet, a rocking armature in the-field ofsaid mag- .net, a shunt-circuit including the coils of said armature, an arm extending from the armature-shaft, an electromagnet mounted on said arm and having its coils in said shunt-circuit, a movable. magnetic plunger controlled by' said electromagneiga latch arranged to be engaged by said. plunger when not attracted by the electromagnet, additional latches arranged to he engaged by the plunger when the electro magnet-is energized, circuit-changing plates held to ,turn with the armature,

brushes arranged to engage said plates, and conngftions from the said brushes to the line and the translating device, so arranged as toreverse the' translating device when the armature swings from one'side to the other.

' 7: An electric apparatus, com prising a twowire line, a reversing-controller for connecting the terminals of an electric generator interchangeably with said wires, a translating, device connected with said wires, a magnet, a rocking armature in the field of said magnet;a 'shunt-ci rcuit including the coils of said: armature, an arm extending from the armature-shaft, an electromagnet mounted on said arm and having its coils in said shunt-circuit, a movable magnetic plunger controlled by said electromagnet, a latch arranged to be engaged by said plunger when not attracted by the elcctromagnet, additional latches arranged to be engaged by the plunger when the electromagnet is energized, the latches as well as the electrolnagnet being adjustable inward and outward, circuit-changing plates held to turn with the armature, brushes arranged to engage ,sa'id' plates, and connectionsfrom the said brushes to the line and 'to the translating device, so arranged as to reverse the translating device when the ararm and having its'coils in said shunt circuit,

a spring-controlled magnetic plunger in the field of said electromagnet, a latch arranged to he engaged by one end of the plungerwhen the arm is in its central position and 110 current passes through the electromagnet, additional latches arranged to be engaged by the other end of the plunger when the same is attracted by the energized electromagnet and the latter has swung into a lateral position, circuit-changing plates held to turn with the armature, brushes arranged to engage said plates, and connections from the said brushes to the line and to the translating device, so arranged as to reverse the translating device when the armature swings from one side to the other.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of subscribing witnesses.

' ROBERT JOSEPH HUGHES.

ALEXANDER BRUCE SHAW. Witnesses:

JOHN LONG, MAUDE FULLER, GEORGE F. PITTS.

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