US766791A - Locking mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

No. 766,791. 'PATEN'I'ED AUG..2, 1904.

' F. H. RICHARDS.

LOCKING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED 0012. 1903.

no MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHBET 1.

Wit 1450666 Ci' a (yaw/l No. 766,791. PATENTBD AUG. 2, 1904. F. H. RICHARDS. LOCKING MECHANISM.

APPLIOATION FILED OUT. 2. 1903. N0 MODEL. SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 766,791. Patented August 2, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIG-N OR TO THE STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

LOCKING MECHANISM" SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 766,791, a ed August 2, 1904.

Application filed October 2, 1903. Serial No. 175.421. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: initially or tentatively become active it will Be it known that I, FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, a not throw the parts out of position upon becitizen of the United States, residing in Harting released to the full extent. It will not 50 ford, in the county of Hartford and State of have the same effect as if the parts were po- Connecticut, have invented certain new and sitioned and the clamp permitted to spring useful Improvements in Locking Mechanism, violently into action. of which the following is a specification. In wood-sawing machines, such as miter- This invention relates to and has for an boxes, there are certain angles generally used 55 object to provide an improved and eflicient in construction, such as the miter and some locking mechanism. of its regular divisions, and for the purpose In many structures certain of the working of producing such standard bevels a preciparts are carried by a framework pivoted to sionizing device in the nature of an additional the main frame of -the device and wherein fasteningmayboprovidedsuch,forinstance, 00 such working parts must be held atvarious as a bolt or index-pin to lock the parts at the positions relative to the main framing while adjusted position in addition to the grip of they are performing their work. In Wood the clamp. Such bolt or index-pin may be sawing machines, particularly miter-boxes, a regarded as a precisionizing element, first main I framing Will be provided which will precisionizing and afterward cooperating with have faces to position the work, and the saw the clamp to lock the saw in position. The 20 will be controlled by guides carried upon a bolt may be so located that it will be conbeam accurately pivoted to the main frame, trolled by the same lever or actuator which and which beam will be halted at the various controls the clamp. positions desired to produce by the saw-cut In some structures the clamp may be convarious angles or bevels upon the work which trolled by a rock-shaft having fast upon it a 2 5 is being sawed. rocker-arm, and upon the rocker-arm the force In one form of my invention the beam will of a spring-or springs Will be exerted, so that be provided with a clamp so organized that upon moving the rocker-arm the spring force spring-pressure will cause it to clamp the upon the clamp will be modified or abated, as beam onto or against the frame and hold the may be desired, and the index-pin may be 30 saw-guides in position while the saw is doing under the control of such rocker-arm and so its work, and the spring which actuates such positioned that it will not be acted upon unclamp will be under the control of the opertil the force of the spring upon the clamp has ator in such a manner that he may while been materially modified. Then the indexswinging the beam remove either the entire pin has been completely withdrawn from its 3 5 spring-pressure from the clamp or diminish locking position, the force of the spring will its action upon the clampto a greater or less be entirely removed from the clamp, so that degree, as he may desire. the parts may move freely and the beam be When it is desired to swing the beam-arm brought to its desired position. Upon perfrom side to side of the frame, the clamp may mitting slight movement of the rocker-arm 40 have the entire spring pressure removed the clamp will become slightly active and the from it, and upon the near approach to the de- I index-pin released to the action of its indisired position the spring may be released vidual spring or other throwing device, wheresomewhat, so that its Control may be exerted by the clamp will control the beam to a cer- 9 upon the clamp and felt by the beam to tain extent, and in its passage in either direc- 4 5 steady the saw, so that there will be no reciption, particularly toward the position at which rocation of thepartswhen it is beingbrought to it is to be set, will cause the beam to move the exact position. Thus by letting the clamp slowly, and upon the arrival of the index-pin at its locking-cavity it will automatically assume its locking position, and thus precisionize and halt the beam at the exact position.

The index-pin and its actuator may be so organized that it will be controlled at the last period of the movement of the rocker-arm and the clamp be influenced by any movement thereof. The movement in one direction of the rocker-arm takes the pressure off the clampingbolt and diminishes the gripping action or power, which action is diminished up to the point where the index-pin is entirely withdrawn from its bolt-hole, and such pin is held from the bolt-holes, or rather is held in its withdrawn position, by riding upon a face of the frame between the boltholes, so that it is free to find entrance into the bolt-hole upon its arrival thereat. Thus it will be seen that the bolt and clamp may be held entirely inactive or the clamp may be partially released to the action of the spring controlling it and the bolt entirely released to the control of its spring to freely enter the bolt-hole upon its coming into position so to do.

In some instances it will be desired in sawing to follow a line upon the work or else by means of some instrument to use the saw at some position other than one of the set angles for which the machine has been constructed, in which case the clamp will be sufficient to hold the beam at the point where it may be thus halted without the intervention of the index-pin. The presence of the pin in the organization being largely to locate the parts at the various positions, so that the workman may see by a scale to what point he is adjusting the instrument and receive an indication that the saw-carrying member has reached the desired positionby the index-pin seating in the hole for such position, and the saw there adjusted will be precisionized without recourse to any measurements on his part. The saw may by this means be securely held between operations at the angle at which it is set; but when the workman does have to resort to measurements the need then for the index-pin is absent, and the clamp will not require any additional or cooperative securing means.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification a form of my invention is illustrated applied to a miter-box, Wherein Figure 1 is a plan view showing a miter-box equipped therewith. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same. Fig. 3 is a central cross-section. Fig. 4: is an enlarged side view of one end of the beam, showing the clamping and locking mechanism. Fig. 5 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 6 is a side view of a similar portion para form of clamping-block, and Fig. 10 is a rock-shaft for actutioning the back of the work. A saw-open-v ing 13 divides the back and is provided with beveled sides 14 to accommodate the saw in its various positions. A hub 15 is carried by the lower part 'of the frame and on which hub a beam-arm 16 is pivoted by means of a bushing 17, which passes through the beam and has a head or bead 18, which rests upon a portion 19 on the beam, the diaphragm being surrounded by a ring or flange 20. The body of the bushing almost reaches a face 21 inside of the hub and which bushing has the line of its axis in the plane of the face 12 of the back, the clearance being designated by 22. The bushing is made to fit snugly within the opening in the portion 19 and to have a working fit therewith and is held in position on the frame and beam by means of a set or binding screw 23, which has an easy working fit with the bushing and enters a tapped hole in the frame and may be jammed down hard with impunity without interference with the movement of the joint. A hub 24 on the beam engages the face of the hub 15. The beam has an end protruding beyond the back plate and carrying a hub 25, affording a socket for a saw-guide, and the beam also protrudes beyond the frame at the front, afiording a handle 26, and there carries two hubs 27 28, affording sockets for a saw-guide, whereby it may be exchanged from one to the other socket.

The shifting of the saw-guides is rendered possible by the stay-rod 100, passing through a head or yoke 102, having a set-screw, which .may be a thumb-screw 101, to clamp it in position, taking into a portion of the saw-guide. The bar will of course steady the guides, and upon the stepping of one of the guides from one station to the other it will of course be necessary to provide adjustment, as is apparent.

The saw-guides herein illustrated each comprise a base 29, in which is rigidly secured a pair of guide-rods 30, upon each of which guide-rods is mounted one side 31 of 'a sawguide cylinder, and each of the sides of the cylinder is provided with a cut-away portion ITO 32 to accommodate the back of a backed saw tially in central section. Fig. 7 is a perspecand is provided with a face 33 to afford a guide l for the side of the saw-blade. The two sockets 27 28 are provided so that the guide may tive of an index-pin actuator. Fig. 8 is a form of index-pin. Fig. 9 1s a perspective of be changed from one position to another to accommodate the work or to accommodate the saw. v

The space between the side faces 33 may be regulated by the rotation of the base 29 in its socket, which will move the guide-rods 30 toward or from the plane of the saw-blade, whereby the guide surfaces will upon the entry of the saw between them be placed nearer or fartherapart, as the case may be.

The front of the frame is shown as carrying an apron 34, which is provided at its top with characters 35, indicating the various bevels or angles at which the saw will ordinarily be placed in practice. The lower side of the apron at the front is provided with a sector 36, concentric with the axis of the bushing 1?, and which has a plane face 37, which may occupy the plane of the face 38 of the hub or may be in a plane parallel to the plane thereof. At the rearward of the sector 36 is a groove 39, also concentric to said bushingand having a bearing-face 40 on a plane parallel to the plane of the face 37. The beam-arm is provided with a socket 41, in the present instance cylindrical, in which is mounted a clamping member, here shown as a plug 42, having its contour cylindrical and provided at its upper end with a notch or recess 43, making a lip 44, organized. to travel in the groove 39. bearing-face on the lip is organized to bear upon the face 40. The side of the block is cut away at46 to accommodatean actuator, in the present instance a rock-shaft 47 mounted in a socket 48, transversely dis posed in the beam relative to the socket 41. The rock-shaft is shown as having a portion milled out'of its center to make a depression 49 and leavea lip 50,0rganized to bear upon the block to clamp the saw, The bearing-point upon the block may for the purpose of adjustment be movable and is here shown as a screw 51. The lip 50 is shown as cut away at 52, so that its point of action will be brought as near to the center of the rock-shaft as possible. The rock-shaft is provided at its ends with reduced portions 53, which areembraced by split hubs 54, carried by a bow-shaped le ver 55, having a finger-piece 56 located adjacent to the handle 26. The split hubs are clamped upon the pins by means of set screws 57. Pins 58 depend from the beamarm and pass through openings in the lever and around which pins are shown spiral springs 59 for the purpose of applying tension to the clamping-block. The lower portion of the lever may be bellied out, at 60, to aceommodatethe springs. The pins 58 may be provided with heads 61 to assist in assemblingthe parts. After the most of the parts have been put together the pins, which are shown as screw threaded, may be passed through the holes in the lever, the springs applied, and the pins screwed into the beam and then the screw 51 adjusted until the entire force of the spring is brought to bear upon the clamp, as will be indicated by a space be ing left between the heads 61 of the pins and the face of the lever. The clamp in its clamping action will draw the face 62 on the bean1- arm against the face 37 of the sector 36 and will cause friction between the faces 40 and 45, which friction may be modified or removed by moving the lever 55. A small amount of movement will modify the friction, and the limit of movement will permit the friction to tion may be entirely removed and the fricdue to gravity and whatever residual magnetism may be in the parts.

To indicate positively to the workman when he has brought the beam-arm to such a position-that the guides will compel the saw to cut upon the desired angle, a series of sockets or index notches or recesses 63 may be provided in the face 36, which sockets in the present instance are shown as conical and might be termed pin sockets or holes, and the beam-arm as provided with a chamber, in the present instance shown as a socket 64, having a shoulder or ledge 65 at its lower end, in which an indexer 66 may be mounted. The indexer in the present showing is in the form of a pin; but it will be apparent that the indexer may be a belt of any convenient form, as may also the notches and other parts of the apparatus. This, considered as awhole,

ical pin or bolt 68, organized to mate with the notches or sockets 63, and the stem 69,

such shoulder 65 and the body of the indexpin or bolt may be interposed a suitable coiled spring 70 for throwing the same. The beamarm is shown as having a socket or chamber 71, transversely disposed to the chamber 64 and in which an actuator 72 for the index-pin may be mounted, and which actuator has in istantially cylindrical, to guide it in its work, a lever-arm 7 4, adapted to be engaged by a lug 7 5 upon the lever 55, and a bearing-face 76, adapted to enter a cut-away opening 7 7 of the body portion of the pin and to engage an engaging face 78 in such cut-away portion. The actuator may be cut away at 79 to permit it having free action within the pin and to prevent it from engaging it at unintended portions. It also has a head or head 80 to prevent it from entering the socket too far and jamming the pin. The portion of the notches in the structure herein shown is, as above stated, in the form of a conical pin and located to protrude through the face of the friction-face 62.

tion, if any, the clamp produces will be merely is shown as having a body portion 66, a con-f organized to protrude through the chamber or socket 64 and past the ledge 65, and between.

the form. illustrated a body portion 73, subbecome almost negligible, and the spring acindexer adapted for engagement with the.

The frame, as illustrated, has at its rear a pair of lugs 81, which afford bearing for screws 82, controlling guides or gages 83, having at their forward ends posts 84:. Such guides may be shifted back and forth to assist in holding the work, and if it is desired adapted to occupy grooves 90 in the floorboard. 7

In setting the saw at a desired angle it will be necessary merely to press the handle 56 of the lever toward the handle 26 by grasping the same with the thumb and finger, when the clamp will be released from the burden of its spring and the bolt or index-pin will be withdrawn, in which position the arm may be freely shifted to a new position, and when the workman has about reached such position he may permit the lever and handle to separate sufficiently that the lug 7 5 will not bear upon the lever 74, but will allow the spring to act upon the bolt, when it will run upon the face 37, the clamp in the meantime, however, receiving some of the force of its spring and gripping the clampingfaces slightly. The motion given the beam-arm by the operator may be such that it would carry it past the desired point; but upon the index-pin reaching one of the index-holes it will enter the same and halt the beam, whereupon the clamp will be permitted to have the full force of its spring and securely lock the beam in the position which it has been precisionized to by the index-pin. If, however, the workman desires to use the saw to cut at an angle other than that afforded by the indexpin holes, he may adjust the saw to such position by any means he sees fit and permit the clamp to hold it in such position, the clamp being capable of locking the parts without the intervention of the index-pin.

It will be seen that the board flooring 10 protrudes beyond the edge of the frame slightly and that it is cut away at the edges at 85. (See dotted lines, Fig. 1.) This is to accommodate the saw-guide cylinder when the beam is placed at its extreme positionto wit, the position of cutting an angle of thirty degrees, to do which the front saw-guide will have to be in the socket, as shown at Fig. 3, when it may be shifted along to such position. capable of cutting upon an angle of thirty degrees from the back face of the frame.

It will frequently happen that the workman will desire to cut a bevel other than on the This is a practical machine, which isangles made standard by the index and may have the line for the cut marked off on the work, in which event he will place the work on the frame and raise the rocker-arm until the spring-catch 86, carried by such arm, is pressed by the muscular expansion of his finger into the notch 87 on the beam, when he can by his hand on the saw swing the same to the desired angle and by raising the rockerarm slightly release the catch, whereupon the clamp will hold the saw during its cutting.

It will be apparent that at times in practice -many details may be changed without departure from the spirit of my invention. Certain of the parts have received especial mention in this regard; but by such reference to such parts it is not meant to exclude or delimit the range of equivalency of the other portions of the structure.

The apron and truss-frame herein shown and described are claimed in my copending application, Serial No. 17 5, 125, filed October 2, 1903,and the feature herein illustrated of the tie-rod or stay connecting the saw-guides and pivoted thereto respectively in the axes of rotation of such saw-guides is claimed-in my copending application, Serial No. 17 5,428, filed October 2, 1903.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In a miter-box the combination with a frame, of saw-guide-carrying means shiftable thereon; a block to clamp the same together; saw-guides; springs to render the clamp effective; a lever interposed between said block and springs to convey the pressure of the springs to the block and capable upon its actuation of removing the pressure of the springs from the block; a cooperative bolt; and an actuator therefor controlled by said lever; bolt-notches; independent means to impel thebolt into locking engagement therewith to permit its operation to lock to be determined by the presence of an appropriate notch without controlling the operation of the clamp.

2. In a miter-box the combination with a frame embodying work-positioning members,

of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guides car' ried by the beam; an apron protruding from the frame; a segmental clamping-rail on the apron concentric with the axis of the beam; a guide-surface on therail; a corresponding guide-surface on the beam; a block mounted on the beam in engagement with said rail and adapted when under pressure to clamp said guide-surfaces together andwhen free from restraint having no clamping action; a rockshaft adjacent to said clamping block and adapted to control the same; a rocker-arm fast on said shaft; a spring to throw said arm and cause said clamp to become active; a series of stop-faces upon said frame; an indexpin carried by the beam to engage therewith; means to throw the pin; and an actuator for the pin located in the path of movement of the rocker-arm at the end of its movement in releasing the clamp. I

3. In a miter-box the combination with a frame embodying work-positioning members, of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guides carried by the beam; an apron protruding from the frame; a segmental clamping-rail on the apron concentric with the axis of the beam; a

- guide-surface on the rail; a corresponding ried by the beam to engage therewith; means to throw the pin; and an actuator for the pin located in the path of movement of the rockerarm at the end of its movement in releasing the clamp.

L. In a miter-box the combination with a frame embodying work-positioning members,

of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guides carried by the beam; an apron protruding from the frame; a segmental clamping-rail on the apron concentric with the aXis of the beam; a guide-surface on the rail; a corresponding guide-surface on the beam; a block mounted on the beam in engagement with said rail and adapted when under pressure to clamp said guide-surfaces together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; a screw in said block having an engaging face; a rockshaft adjacent to said clamping-block and having a lip adapted to bear upon said engaging face and control the clamp; a rocker-arm fast on said shaft; a spring to throw said arm and cause said 'clamp to become active; a series of stop-faces upon said frame; an index-pin carried by the beam to engage therewith; means to throw the pin; and an actuator for the pin located in the path of movement of the rockerarm at the end of its movement in releasing the clamp.

5. In a miter-box the combination with a frame embodying work-positioning members, of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guides carried by the beam; a segmental clamping rail on the frame concentric with the axis of the beam; a guide-surface on the rail; a corresponding guide-surface on the beam; a block mounted on the beam in engagement with the rail and adapted when under pressure to clamp said guide-surfaces together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; an adjustable engaging face on the block; arockshaft adjacent to the clamping-block and having a lip adapted to bear upon said engaging face and control the block; a rocker-arm fast on said shaft; a spring to throw the arm and cause saidlip to bear upon the engaging face; an index-scale on the frame; an index carried by the beam to mate therewith; means to advance the index; and an actuator for the index located in the path of movement of the rocker-arm.

6. In a miter-box the combination with a frame embodying work-positioning members, of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guides carried by the beam; a segmental clamping-rail on the frame concentric with the axis of the beam; a guide-surface on the rail; a corresponding guide-surface on the beam; a block on the beam in engagement with said rail and adapted when under pressure to clamp said guide-surfaces together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; a chamber in the block; a screw entering the chamber and having an engaging face therein; a rock-shaft adjacent to the clamping-block and having a portion adapted to enter the chamher and bear upon said engaging face and control the clamp; arockenarm fast on said shaft;

, a spring to throw said arm and cause the clamp to become active; a series of index-recesses on the frame; an index-pin carried by the beam to mate therewith; means to throw the pin; and an actuator for the pin located in the path of movement of the rocker-arm.

7. In a miter-box the combination with a frame embodying work-positioning members,

of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guides carried by the beam; an apron protruding from the frame; a segmental clamping-rail on the apron concentric with the axis of the beam; a guide-surface on the rail; a corresponding guide-surface on the beam; a block mounted :on the beam in engagement with said rail and adapted when under pressure to clamp said guide-surfaces together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; a screw in said block having an engaging face; a rockshaft adjacent to said clamping-block and having a lip adapted to bear upon said engaging face and control the clamp; a rocker-arm fast on said shaft; and a spring to throw said arm and cause said clamp to become active.

8. In a miter-box the combination with a frame embodying work-positioning members, of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guides carried by the beam; a segmental guide-surface on the frame; a corresponding guidesurface on the beam; a block mounted on the beam and adapted when under pressure to clamp said gmde-snrfaces together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; a

chamber in the block; a screw entering the chamber and having an engaging face; a rockshaft ad acent to said clamping-block and having a portion adapted to enter the chamber 9. In a miter-box the combination with a frame, of a part movable thereon; saw-guiding means carried thereby; a clamp to control the movement of said part; a spring-pressed lever bearing upon the clamp and so mounted that upon being moved to compress the springs it will relieve the clamp of pressure; an index-pin; and an actuator therefor in the path of movement of the lever during its last stages of compression of the spring.

10. In a miter-box the combination with a frame, of a part movable thereon; saw-guiding means carried thereby; a clamp to control the movement of said part; a springpressed lever bearing upon the clamp and so mounted that upon being moved to compress the spring it will relieve the clamp of pressure; means to regulate the pressure of the spring; an index-pin; and an actuator therefor in the path of movement of the lever dur ing its last stages of compression of the spring.

11. In a miter-box the combination with a frame, of a part movable thereon; saw-guiding means carried thereby; a clamp to control the movement of said part; an arm to actuate the clamp; an index-scale; a member to cooperate with the scale as an index when partially retracted and to act therewith as a bolt when released, means to control said member and actuated by said arm; and means to adjust the timing of the actuation of the clamp and the said member one relatively to the other.

12. In a miter-box the combination with a frame, of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guiding means carried thereby; a guide-surface on the frame; a corresponding guide-surface on the beam; a clamping-rail on the frame; a block mounted in the beam in engagement with said rail and adapted when under pressure to clamp said guide-surfaces together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; a rock-shaft adjacent to said clampingblock and adapted to control the same; a rocker-arm fast on the shaft; a spring to throw the arm and cause the clamp to become active; a series of stop-faces upon the frame; a bolt carried by the beam; means to throw the bolt; and means in the control of the rocker-arm in its movement in releasing the clamp to draw the bolt.

13. In a miter-box the combination with a frame, of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guiding means carried thereby; an apron protruding from the frame; a segmental clampingrail on the apron having the axis of the beam for a center; a guide-surface on the rail; a corresponding guide-surface on the beam; a block mounted on the beam in engagement with said rail and adapted when under pressure to clamp said guide-surfaces together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; a rock-shaft adjacent to the clampingblock and adapted to control the same; a rocker-arm fast on said shaft; a spring to throw the arm and cause the clamp to become active; a series of stop-faces upon theframe; an index-pin carried by the beam; means to throw the pin; and means in the control of the rocker-arm in its movement in releasing the clamp to draw the pin.

14. In a miter-box the combination with a frame, of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guiding means carried thereby; a friction guideface upon the frame; a corresponding guideface upon the beam; a block mounted on the beam and adapted when under pressure to clamp said faces together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; a rockshaft adjacent to said clamping-block and adapted to control the same; a rocker-arm fast on said shaft; a spring to throw said arm and cause said clamp to become active; a series of stop-faces upon the frame; an indexpin carried by the beam; and means in the control of the rocker-arm in its movement in releasing the clamp to draw the pin.

15. In a miter-box the combination with a frame, of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guiding means carried thereby; afriction guideface upon the frame; a corresponding guideface upon the beam; a block mounted on the beam and adapted when under pressure to clamp said faces together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; a rockshaft adjacent to said clamping block and adapted to control the same; a rocker-arm fast on said shaft; a spring to throw said arm and cause said clamp to become active; a series of stop-faces upon the frame; an index-pin carried by the beam; means in the control of the rocker-arm in its movement in releasing the clamp to draw the pin; and means to regulate the relative timing of the actuation of the clamping-block and the pin. 16. In a miter-box the combination with a frame, of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guiding means carried thereby; a friction guideface upon the frame; a corresponding guideface upon the beam; a block mounted in the beam and adapted when under pressure to clamp said faces together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; a rockshaft adjacent to said clamping-block andadapted to control the same; a rocker-arm fast on said shaft; a spring to throw said arm and cause said clamp to become active; means to adjust the tension of the spring; a series of stop-faces upon the frame; an index-pm carried by the beam; and means in the control of the rocker-arm in its movement in releasing the clamp to draw the pin.

17. In a miter-box the combination with a frame embodying work-positioning members,

of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guides carried by the beam; a segmental clamping-rail concentric with the axis of the beam; a guidesurface on the rail; a cooperative guide-surface on the beam; a block mounted on the beam in engagement with said rail and adapted when LOO under pressure to clamp said guide-surfaces together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; a rock-shaft adjacent to the clamping-block and adapted to control the same; a rocker-arm fast on the shaft; and a spring to throw the arm and cause the clamp to become active.

18. In a miter-box the combination with a frame embodying work-positioning members, of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guides carried by the beam; a segmental clamping-rail concentric with the axis of the beam; a guidesurface on the rail on the plane of movement of the beam when swinging on its swivel; a cooperative guide-surface on the beam in contact therewith; a second guidesurface on the rail in a plane parallel to said first guide-surface; a block mounted on the beamin engagement with said second guide surface upon the rail and adapted when under pressure to clamp said first guide-surface and the guide surface on the beam together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; a rocleshaft adjacent to the clamping-block and adapted to control the same; a rocker-arm fast on the shaft; and a spring to throw the arm and cause the clamp to become active.

19. The combination with a miter-box having work-positioning members of saw-guides of index-pin holes upon the box; an index-pin carried by the frame; means to throw the pin; and an actuator for the pin having an arm in the path ofmovement of the rocker-arm at the end of its clamp-releasing movement.

20. The combination with a beam-arm, of a frame carrying the same; saw-guides on the beam; a clamping-block to hold the beam in its adjusted position; means to actuate the clamp and comprising a rock-shaft; arockerarm; springs bearing on the rocker-arm to force the rock-shaft upon the clamping-block; and pins to guide the rocker-arm and having heads in the direction of the spring-pressed movement of the same but beyond the limit of the same when adjusted.

21. The combination with a swiveled member, of a frame carrying the same, saw-guides mounted on said member; a clamping-plug to hold the beam in its adjusted position; an adjustable bearing-face on the plug; means to actuate the elamping-plug and comprising a rock-shaft :having an engaging faceto bear upon said adjustable bearing-face, a rockeri arnnsprings bearing'on the rocker-arm to force the rock-shaft to its work, and pins to guide the rocker-arm and having heads in the direction of the spring-pressed movement of the same but beyond its limit of movement when adjusted. i

22. The combination with a beam-arm, of a frame carrying the same; saw-guides mounted on the beam; a clamping-block to hold the beam in its adjusted position; and means to' actuate the clamping-block and comprising a rock-shaft, a rocker-arm pins to guide the rocker-arm and havingstop-hcads for the same, springs surrounding the pins and forcing the rock-shaft 'upon the clamping-block, and an adjustable bearing-face in the clamping-block whereby the rocker-arm may be caused to apply the entire force of the springs upon the clamping-block and to clear the stop heads.

23. The combination with a beam-arm, of a frame carrying the same; a guide-face upon the frame engaging a face on the beam-arm; a clamp hearing face upon the frame; sawguides mounted upon the beam-arm; a clamping-block reciprocatable upon said beam-arm and having a'lip to engage said bcaring-face to hold the respective guide-faces together; a rocker-arm adapted to actuate said block;

spring-pressedmeans to control said rockerarm, and means to guide the same.

24:. The combination with a miter-box of saw-guides; a beam swiveled to the box and carrying the guides; locking mechanism on the beam; at rocker-arm to actuate the same; an engaging face on the beam; and a springcatch on the rocker-arm so positioned that pressure from the muscular expansion of the finger of the operator will press the springcatch into the engaging face on the beam, and a slight lift on the lever will release the same. i

25. The combination with a miter-box having work-positioning members, of saw-guides carried by a frame swiveled thereto; a clamp mounted on the frame and organized when under pressure to clamp the frame and box together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; a rock-shaft organized to control the clamp; a rocker-arm fast on the rock-shaft; a spring to throw the arm and cause the clamp to become active; a series of index-pin holes upon the box; an index-pin carried by the frame; means to throw the pin; and an actuator for the pin having an arm in the path of movement of the rocker-arm at the end of its clamp-releasing movement.

26. The combination with a miter-box having work-positioning members. of saw-guides; a beam-arm swiveled to the box and carrying the guides; a clamp mounted on the beam-arm and adapted when under pressure to clamp the beam-arm and box together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; a rocker-arm to control the clamp; a series of IIO index-pin holes upon the box; an index-pin carried by the beam-arm; means to throw the pin; and an actuator for the pin having an arm in the path of movement of the rockerarm. I

27. In a miter-box the combination with a frame embodying work-positioning members, of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guides carried by the beam; a guide -surface on the frame, a mating guide-surface on the beam; a block mounted on the beam and organized when under pressure to clamp said guidesurfaces together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; a chamber in the block; a screw entering the chamber and having an engaging face; a rock-shaft adjacent to said clamping-block and having a portion adapted to enter the chamber and bear upon said engaging face and control the clamp; a rocker arm fast on the shaft; a spring to throw the arm and cause the clamp to become active; index-points on the frame; an index-pin carried by the beam; a chamber in the pin; a bearing-face therein; a rockshaft adjacent to the pin and having a portion adapted to enter the chamber and bear upon said engaging face; and an arm on said shaft in the control of the rocker-arm.

28. In a miter-box the combination with a frame embodying work-positioning members, of a beam swiveled thereon; saw-guides carried by the beam; a guide-surface on the frame; a mating guide-surface on the beam; a block mounted on the beam and adapted when under pressure to clamp said guide-surfaces together and when free from restraint having no clamping action; a chamber in the block; an adjustable engaging face in the chamber; a rock-shaft adjacent to said clamping-block and having a portion adapted toenter the chamber and bear upon said engaging face and control the clamp; a rocker-arm fast on the shaft; means to throw the arm and cause the clamp to become active; indexpoints on the frame; an index-pin carried by the beam; means to throw the pin; a charm her in the pin; a bearing-face therein; a rockshaft adjacent to the pin and having a portion adapted to enter the chamber and bear upon said engaging face; and an arm on said shaft in the control of the rocker-arm.

29. In combination with a miter-box, a beam-arm pivotally mounted thereon, a series of recesses in the box adjacent to the path of movement of said beam-arm, a pin carried by thebeam-arm and adapted to cooperate with said sockets, anoperating-lever pivoted to said beam-arm, means of connection between the operating-lever and the pin, the organization being such that the operatinglever may have a swinging movement and the pin a reciprocatory movement, and means controlled by the operating-lever to normally maintain the beam-arm in place relatively to the box.

30. In combination with a miter-box, a beam-arm pivoted thereto, saw-guides carried by the beam-arm, an operating-lever pivoted to said beam-arm, a lockingpin having aworking it in a guideway in said beamarm, a series of sockets in the miter-box adapted to cooperate with said pin, means to connect said operatinglever and said pin and permit the former to oscillate upon its pivot, and the latter to reciprocate in its guideway, further means controlled by said lever to hold the beam-arm in place relatively to the miter-box, and means to lock said operating-lever and maintain the pin out of engagement with the sockets.

31. In a miter-box, the combination with a work-table having a segmental face, a beamarm pivoted concentrically thereto and having a pin-guideway in the region of said face and constituting a comparatively long bearing for a pin, a pin mounted and having a close working fit in the said guideway and having an actuator-engaging face at a point midward of the limits of its engagement with the guideway; a series of recesses in said segmental face to accommodate said pin, yieldable means to impel said pin toward said face and into the recesses, a lever carried by the beam-arm and havinga swinging motion, and an actuator by the said lever, the lever controlling other means and arranged for play in so controlling independent of the operation of the actuator, whereby the pin may be reciprocated in substantially a straight line upon the swinging of the lever.

82. In a miter-box, the combination with a work-table having a segmental face, a beamarm pivoted concentrically thereto and having a pin-guideway in the region of said face, a pin in said guideway, a series of sockets in said face to accommodate said pin, yieldable means to impel said pin toward said face and into the sockets, a lever carried by the beamarm and having a swinging motion, means of connection between the lever and the pin to reciprocate the pin upon the swinging of the lever, and a digitally-controlled spring-catch carried by said lever to lock thelever, a catchface on the beam adapted to receive the catch when the lever nearly reaches its limit of movement, and hold the pin in an inactive position, and upon the shifting of the lever to its limit of movement to release said catch.

33. In a miter-box, the combination with a work-table; of a beam-arm pivoted thereto; saw-guides rotarily mounted on said beamarm; a step or station at one end of the beamarm for one ofv said guides; a plurality of steps or stations at the other end of said beamarm for another of said guides; a support to connect the guide at one station to the guide at the other station; and means to permit the adjustment of the support upon changing the l movable guide from one step or station to to engage said face on the pin and controlled IIO another step or station and to permit the rotation of said guides.

34. In a miter-box the combination with a frame, of a part movable thereon; saw-guiding means carried thereby; a clamp to control the movement of said part; an arm to actuate the clamp; an index-scale; a member to cooperate with the scale as an indexer when partially retracted and to act therewith as a bolt when released, and means to control said member and actuated by said arm.

35. In amiter-box, the combination with a frame to position the work, of saw-guides; a beam pivoted to the frame and carrying the saw-guides; a pin to lock the beam in various FRANCIS H. RICHARDS.

Witnesses:

CHAS. LYoN RUssELL, FRED. J. DOLE.

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